The late Archean Abitibi-Opatica terrane, Superior Province: A modified oceanic plateau

Special Paper of the Geological Society of America

Volumn 440, Issue , 2008, Pages 173-197

  Benn, Keith ^a   Moyen, Jean Francois ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA   (Canada)

^b STELLENBOSCH UNIVERSITY   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Greenstone belt; Oceanic plateau; Slab window; TTG

Indexed keywords

EARTH (PLANET); GEOCHEMISTRY; GEOCHRONOLOGY; GRANITE; KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS; MELTING; PLATES (STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS); STRATIGRAPHY; STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY; TECTONICS; VOLCANOES;

CRUSTAL STRUCTURE; GEOCHEMICAL SIGNATURES; GEODYNAMIC SETTING; GREENSTONE BELTS; OCEANIC PLATEAUX; PLATE-TECTONIC MODELS; SLAB WINDOWS; VOLCANIC ASSEMBLAGES;

GEODYNAMICS;

ARCHEAN; CRUSTAL EVOLUTION; CRUSTAL STRUCTURE; EMPLACEMENT; GEOCHRONOLOGY; GEODYNAMICS; GRANODIORITE; GREENSTONE BELT; IGNEOUS GEOCHEMISTRY; MANTLE PLUME; MELTING; MODELING; OCEAN BASIN; ORTHOGNEISS; PLATE CONVERGENCE; PLATE TECTONICS; PLUTON; SLAB; STRATIGRAPHY; SUBDUCTION ZONE; SUBMARINE PLATEAU; TECTONIC EVOLUTION; TERRANE;

SUPERIOR PROVINCE;

EID: 70149090691     PISSN: 00721077     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1130/2008.2440(09)     Document Type: Article

References (124)

1. Abbott, D.H., 1996, Plumes and hotspots as sources of greenstone belts: Lithos, v. 37, p. 113-127, doi: 10.1016/0024-4937(95)00032-1.
2. Arth, J.G., and Hanson, G.N., 1975, Geochemistry and origin of the early Precambrian crust of northeastern Minnesota: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 39, p. 325-362, doi: 10.1016/0016-7037(75)90200-8.
3. Ayer, J., Amelin, Y., Corfu, F., Kamo, S., Ketchum, J., Kwok, K., and Trowell, N., 2002, Evolution of the southern Abitibi greenstone belt based on U-Pb geochronology: Autochthonous volcanic construction followed by plutonism, regional deformation and sedimentation: Precambrian Research, v. 115, p. 63-95, doi: 10.1016/S0301-9268(02)00006-2.
4. Ayer, J.A., Trowell, N.F., and Josey, S., 2004, Geological compilation of the Abitibi greenstone belt: Ontario Geological Survey, Miscellaneous Release, Data 143.
5. Barker, F., 1976, Trondhjemites: Definition, environment and hypothesis of origin, in Barker, F., ed., Trondhjemites, dacites and related rocks: Amsterdam, Elsevier, p. 1-12.
6. Beakhouse, G., and Davis, D.W., 2005, Evolution and tectonic significance of intermediate to felsic plutonism associated with the Hemlo greenstone belt, Superior Province, Canada: Precambrian Research, v. 137, p. 61-92, doi: 10.1016/j.precamres.2005.01.003.
7. Becker, J.K., and Benn, K., 2003, The Neoarchean Rice Lake batholith and its place in the tectonomagmatic evolution of the Swayze and Abitibi granite-greenstone belts, northeastern Ontario: Ontario Geological Survey Open File Report 6105, p. 42.
8. Bédard, J., 2006, A catalytic delamination-driven model for coupled genesis of Archaean crust and sub-continental lithospheric mantle: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 70, p. 1188-1214, doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2005. 11.008.
9. Benn, K., 2004, Late Archean Kenogamissi complex, Abitibi Subprovince, Ontario: Doming, folding and deformation-assisted melt remobilization during syntec-tonic batholith emplacement: Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Earth Sciences, v. 95, p. 297-307, doi: 10.1017/S0263593300001085.
10. Benn, K., 2006, Tectonic delamination of the lower crust during Late Archean collision of the Abitibi-Opatica and Pontiac terranes, Superior Province, Canada, in Benn, K., et al., eds., Archean geodynamics and environments: American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph 164, p. 267-282.
11. Benn, K., and Peschler, A.P., 2005, A detachment fold model for fault zones in the Late Archean Abitibi greenstone belt, Ontario: Tectonophysics, v. 400, p. 85-104, doi: 10.1016/j.tecto.2005.02.011.
12. Benn, K., Sawyer, E.W., and Bouchez, J.L., 1992, Orogen parallel and transverse shearing in the Opatica belt, Quebec: Implications for the structure of the Abitibi Subprovince: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 29, p. 2429-2444.
13. Benn, K., Miles, W., Ghassemi, M.R., and Gillett, J., 1994, Crustal structure and kinematic framework of the northwestern Pontiac Subprovince, Quebec: An integrated structural and geophysical study: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 31, p. 271-281.
14. Boily, M., and Dion, C., 2002, Geochemistry of boninite-type volcanic rocks in the Frotet-Evans greenstone belt, Opatica Subprovince, Quebec: Implications for the evolution of Archaean greenstone belts: Precambrian Research, v. 115, p. 349-371, doi: 10.1016/S0301-9268(02)00016-5.
15. Calvert, A.J., Sawyer, E.W., Davis, W.J., and Ludden, J.N., 1995, Archean sub-duction inferred from seismic images of a mantle suture in the Superior Province: Nature, v. 375, p. 670-674, doi: 10.1038/375670a0.
16. Card, K.D., and Poulsen, K.H., 1998, Geology and mineral deposits of the Superior Province of the Canadian Shield, in Lucas, S.B., and St.-Onge, M.R., eds., Geology of the Precambrian Superior and Grenville provinces and Precambrian fossils in North America: Geology of Canada, no. 7: Ottawa, Geological Survey of Canada, p. 13-204.
17. Carignan, J., Gariepy, C., Machado, N., and Rive, M., 1993, Pb isotopic geochemistry of granitoids and gneisses from the Late Archean Pontiac and Abitibi Subprovinces of Canada: Chemical Geology, v. 106, p. 299-316, doi: 10.1016/0009-2541(93)90033-F.
18. Champion, D.C., and Smithies, R.H., 1998, Archaean granites of the Yilgarn and Pilbara cratons, in The Bruce Chappell Symposium-Granites, island arcs, the mantle and ore deposits, Abstract Volume: Canberra, Australian Geological Survey Organization, p. 24-25.
19. Chown, E.H., Harrap, R., and Moukhsil, A., 2002, The role of granitic intrusions in the evolution of the Abitibi belt, Canada: Precambrian Research, v. 115, p. 291-310, doi: 10.1016/S0301-9268(02)00013-X.
20. Collins, W.J., Van Kranendonk, M.J., and Teyssier, C., 1998, Partial convective overturn of Archaean crust in the east Pilbara craton, Western Australia: Driving mechanisms and tectonic implications: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 20, p. 1405-1424.
21. Condie, K.C., 1981, Archean greenstone belts: Developments in Precambrian geology: Amsterdam, Elsevier, 434 p.
22. Condie, K.C., 1986, Origin and early growth rate of continents: Precambrian Research, v. 32, p. 261-278, doi: 10.1016/0301-9268(86)90032-X.
23. Condie, K.C., 1998, Episodic continental growth and supercontinents: A mantle avalanche connection?: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 163, p. 97-108, doi: 10.1016/S0012-821X(98)00178-2.
24. Condie, K.C., and Benn, K., 2006, Archean geodynamics: Similar to or different from modern geodynamics?, in Benn, K., et al., eds., Archean geodynamics and environments: American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph 164, p. 47-59.
25. Corfu, F., and Noble, S.R., 1992, Genesis of the southern Abitibi greenstone belt, Superior Province, Canada: Evidence from zircon Hf isotope analyses using a single filament technique: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 56, p. 2081-2097, doi: 10.1016/0016-7037(92)90331-C.
26. Daigneault, R., St.-Julien, P., and Allard, G.O., 1990, Tectonic evolution of the northeast portion of the Archean Abitibi Greenstone Belt, Chibougamau area, Quebec: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 27, p. 1714-1736.
27. Daigneault, R., Mueller, W.U., and Chown, E.H., 2002, Oblique Archean subduction: Accretion and exhumation of an oceanic arc during dextral transpres-sion, Southern Volcanic Zone, Abitibi Subprovince, Canada: Precambrian Research, v. 115, p. 261-290, doi: 10.1016/S0301-9268(02)00012-8.
28. Daigneault, R., Mueller, W.U., and Chown, E.H., 2004, Abitibi greenstone belt plate tectonics: The diachronous history of arc development, accretion and collision, in Eriksson, P.G., et al., eds., Developments in Precambrian geology, volume 12: Amsterdam, Elsevier, p. 88-103.
29. Davis, D.W., 2002, U-Pb geochronology of Archean metasedimentary rocks in the Pontiac and Abitibi Subprovinces, Quebec, constraints on timing, provenance and regional tectonics: Precambrian Research, v. 115, p. 97-117, doi: 10.1016/S0301-9268(02)00007-4.
30. Davis, W.J., Machado, N., Gariepy, C., Sawyer, E.W., and Benn, K., 1995, U-Pb geochronology of the Opatica tonalite-gneiss belt and its relationship to the Abitibi greenstone belt, Superior Province, Quebec: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 32, p. 113-127.
31. Davis, W.J., Lacroix, S., Gariepy, C., and Machado, N., 2000, Geochronology and radiogenic isotope geochemistry of plutonic rocks from the central Abitibi Subprovince: Significance to the internal subdivision and plutono-tectonic evolution of the Abitibi belt: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 37, p. 117-133, doi: 10.1139/cjes-37-2-3-117.
32. Desrochers, J.-P., Hubert, C., Ludden, J.N., and Pilote, P., 1993, Accretion of Archean oceanic plateau fragments in the Abitibi greenstone belt, Canada: Geology, v. 21, p. 451-454, doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1993)021<04 51:AOAOPF>2.3.CO;2.
33. Dostal, J., and Mueller, W., 1996, An Archean oceanic felsic dyke swarm in a nascent arc: The Hunter Mine Group, Abitibi Greenstone Belt, Canada: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 72, p. 37-57, doi: 10.1016/0377-0273(95)00082-8.
34. Dostal, J., and Mueller, W.U., 1997, Komatiite flooding of a rifted Archean rhyolitic arc complex: Geochemical signature and tectonic significance of the Stoughton-Roquemaure Group, Abitibi greenstone belt, Canada: Journal of Geology, v. 105, p. 545-563.
35. Eggins, S., 2003, Laser ablation ICP-MS analysis of geological materials prepared as lithium borate glasses: Geostandards Newsletter, v. 27, no. 2, p. 147-162, doi: 10.1111/j.1751-908X.2003.tb00642.x.
36. Feng, R., and Kerrich, R., 1991, Single zircon age constraints on the tectonic juxtaposition of the Archean Abitibi greenstone belt and Pontiac Sub-province, Quebec, Canada: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 55, p. 3437-3441, doi: 10.1016/0016-7037(91)90502-V.
37. Feng, R., and Kerrich, R., 1992a, Geochemical evolution of granitoids from the Archean Abitibi Southern Volcanic Zone and the Pontiac Sub-province, Superior Province, Canada: Implications for tectonic history and source regions: Chemical Geology, v. 98, p. 23-70, doi: 10.1016/0009-2541(92)90090-R.
38. Feng, R., and Kerrich, R., 1992b, Geodynamic evolution of the southern Abitibi and Pontiac terranes: Evidence from geochemistry of granitoid magma series (2700-2630 Ma): Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 29, p. 2266-2286.
39. Feng, R., Kerrich, R., and Maas, R., 1993, Geochemical, oxygen, and neodym-ium isotope compositions of metasediments from the Abitibi greenstone belt and Pontiac Subprovince, Canada: Evidence for ancient crust and Archean terrane juxtaposition: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 57, p. 641-658, doi: 10.1016/0016-7037(93)90375-7.
40. Foley, S.F., Tiepolo, M., and Vannucci, R., 2002, Growth of early continental crust controlled by melting of amphibolite in subduction zones: Nature, v. 417, p. 837-840, doi: 10.1038/nature00799.
41. Fourcade, S., Martin, H., and De Bremond D'Ars, J., 1992, Chemical exchange in migmatites during cooling: Lithos, v. 28, p. 43-53, doi: 10.1016/ 0024-4937(92)90022-Q.
42. Fowler, A.D., and Jensen, L.S., 1989, Quantitative trace-element modeling of the crystallization history of the Kinojevis and Blake River Groups, Abitibi Greenstone Belt, Ontario: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 26, p. 1356-1367.
43. Frarey, M.J., and Krogh, T.E., 1986, U-Pb ages for late internal plutons of the Abitibi and eastern Wawa Subprovince, Ontario and Quebec: Geological Survey of Canada Current Research 86-1A, p. 43-48.
44. Gardien, V., Thompson, A.B., Grujic, D., and Ulmer, P., 1995, Experimental melting of biotite + plagioclase + quartz ± muscovite assemblages and implications for crustal melting: Journal of Geophysical Research, B, Solid Earth and Planets, v. 100, p. 15,581-15,591, doi: 10.1029/95JB00916.
45. Gariépy, C., Allegre, C.J., and Lajoie, J., 1984, U-Pb systematics in single zircons from the Pontiac metasediments, Abitibi greenstone belt: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 21, p. 1296-1304.
46. Halls, H.C., and Zhang, B.X., 1998, Uplift structure of the southern Kapuskas-ing zone from 2.45 Ga dike swarm displacement: Geology, v. 26, p. 67-70, doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1998)026<0067:USOTSK>2.3.CO;2.
47. Heather, K.B., and Shore, G.T., 1999, Geology of the Swayze greenstone belt, Ontario: Geological Survey of Canada Open File 3384.
48. Henry, P., Stevenson, R.K., and Gariepy, C., 1998, Late Archean mantle composition and crustal growth in the western Superior Province of Canada: Nd and Pb isotopic evidence from the Wawa, Quetico and Wabigoon Sub-provinces: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 62, p. 143-157, doi: 10.1016/S0016-7037(97) 00324-4.
49. Isnard, H., and Gariepy, C., 2004, Sm-Nd, Lu-Hf and Pb-Pb signatures of gneisses and granitoids from the La Grande belt: Extent of Late Archean crustal recycling in the northeastern Superior Province, Canada: Geo-chimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 68, p. 1099-1113, doi: 10.1016 /j.gca.2003.08.004.
50. Jahn, B., Glikson, A.Y., Peucat, J.-J., and Hickman, A.H., 1981, REE geochemistry and isotopic data of Archaean silicic volcanics and granitoids from the Pilbara block, Western Australia: Implications for early crustal evolution: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 45, p. 1633-1652.
51. Kamber, B., Ewart, A., Collerson, K.D., Bruce, M.C., and McDonald, G.D., 2002, Fluid-mobile trace element constraints on the role of slab melting and implications for Archaean crustal growth models: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 144, p. 38-56.
52. Kay, R.W., and Kay, S.M., 1991, Creation and destruction of lower continental crust: Geologische Rundschau, v. 80, p. 259-278, doi: 10.1007/ BF01829365.
53. Kerr, A.C., White, R.V., and Saunders, A.D., 2000, LIP reading: Recognizing oceanic plateaux in the geological record: Journal of Petrology, v. 41, p. 1041-1056, doi: 10.1093/petrology/41.7.1041.
54. Kerrich, R., and Feng, R., 1992, Archean geodynamics and the Abitibi-Pontiac collision: Implications for advection of fluids at transpressive collisional boundaries and the origin of giant quartz vein systems: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 32, p. 33-60, doi: 10.1016/0012-8252(92)90011-H.
55. Kerrich, R., and Polat, A., 2006, Archean greenstone-tonalite duality: Ther-mochemical mantle convection models or plate tectonics in the early Earth global dynamics?: Tectonophysics, v. 415, p. 141-165, doi: 10.1016/j. tecto.2005.12.004.
56. Kerrich, R., Wyman, D., Fan, J., and Bleeker, W., 1998, Boninite series: Low Ti-tholeiite associations from the 2.7 Ga Abitibi greenstone belt: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 164, p. 303-316, doi: 10.1016/S0012-821X(98) 00223-4.
57. Kerrich, R., Polat, A., Wyman, D., and Hollings, P., 1999, Trace element sys-tematics of Mg-, to Fe-tholeiitic basalt suites of the Superior Province: Implications for Archean mantle reservoirs and greenstone belt genesis:Lithos, v. 46, p. 163-187, doi: 10.1016/S0024-4937(98)00059-0.
58. Kimura, G., Ludden, J.N., Desrochers, J.P., and Hori, R., 1993, A model of ocean-crust accretion for the Superior Province, Canada: Lithos, v. 30, p. 337-355, doi: 10.1016/0024-4937(93)90044-D.
59. King, E.M., Valley, J.W., Davis, D.W., and Edwards, G., 1998, Oxygen isotope ratios of Archean plutonic zircons from granite-greenstone belts of the Superior Province: Indicator of magmatic source: Precambrian Research, v. 92, p. 365-387, doi: 10.1016/S0301-9268(98)00082-5.
60. Kleinhanns, I.C., Kramers, J.D., and Kamber, B.S., 2003, Importance of water for Archaean granitoid petrology: A comparative study of TTG and potassic granitoids from Barberton Mountain Land, South Africa: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 145, p. 377-389, doi: 10.1007/s00410-003-0459-9.
61. Lafleche, M.R., Dupuy, C., and Bougault, H., 1992, Geochemistry and petrogenesis of Archean mafic volcanic rocks of the southern Abitibi Belt, Quebec: Precambrian Research, v. 57, p. 207-241, doi: 10.1016/0301-9268(92) 90003-7.
62. Legault, M., Gauthier, M., Jebrak, M., Davis, D.W., and Baillargeon, F., 2002, Evolution of the subaqueous to near-emergent Joutel volcanic complex, Northern Volcanic Zone, Abitibi Subprovince, Quebec, Canada: Precambrian Research, v. 115, p. 187-221, doi: 10.1016/S0301-9268(02)00010-4.
63. Lesher, C.M., Arndt, N.T., and Groves, D.I., 1984, Genesis of komatiite-asso-ciated nickel sulphide deposits at Kambalda, Western Australia: A distal volcanic model, in Buchanan, D.L., and Jones, M.J., eds., Sulphide deposits in mafic and ultramafic rocks: London, Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, p. 70-80.
64. Ludden, J., and Hynes, A., 2000, The Lithoprobe Abitibi-Grenville transect: Two billion years of crust formation and recycling in the Precambrian Shield of Canada: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 37, p. 459-476, doi: 10.1139/cjes-37-2-3-459.
65. Ludden, J., Hubert, C., and Gariepy, C., 1986, The tectonic evolution of the Abitibi greenstone belt of Canada: Geological Magazine, v. 123, p. 153-166.
66. Maaløe, S., 1982, Petrogenesis of Archaean tonalites: Geologische Rundschau, v. 71, p. 328-346, doi: 10.1007/BF01825045.
67. Martin, H., 1986, Effect of steeper Archean geothermal gradient on geochemistry of subduction-zone magmas: Geology, v. 14, p. 753-756, doi: 10.113 0/0091-7613(1986)14<753:EOSAGG>2.0.CO;2.
68. Martin, H., 1994, The Archean grey gneisses and the genesis of the continental crust, in Condie, K.C., ed., Archean crustal evolution: Developments in Precambrian geology: Amsterdam, Elsevier, p. 205-259.
69. Martin, H., 1999, The adakitic magmas: Modern analogues of Archaean granitoids: Lithos, v. 46, p. 411-429, doi: 10.1016/S0024-4937(98)00076-0.
70. Martin, H., and Moyen, J.-F., 2002, Secular changes in TTG composition as markers of the progressive cooling of Earth: Geology, v. 30, p. 319-322, doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0319:SCITTG>2.0.CO;2.
71. Martin, H., Smithies, R.H., Rapp, R.P., Moyen, J.-F., and Champion, D.C., 2005, An overview of adakite, tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) and sanukitoid: Relationships and some implications for crustal evolution: Lithos, v. 79, p. 1-24, doi: 10.1016/j.lithos.2004.04.048.
72. Moorbath, S., 1975, Evolution of Precambrian crust from strontium isotopic evidence: Nature, v. 254, p. 395-398, doi: 10.1038/254395a0.
73. Mortensen, J.K., 1987, U-Pb zircon ages for volcanic and plutonic rocks of the Noranda-Lake Abitibi area, Abitibi Subprovince, Quebec: Geological Survey of Canada Current Research 87-1A, p. 581-590.
74. Mortensen, J.K., 1993a, U-Pb geochronology of the eastern Abitibi Subprov-ince, part 1: Chibougamau-Matagami-Joutel region: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 30, p. 11-28.
75. Mortensen, J.K., 1993b, U-Pb geochronology of the eastern Abitibi Subprov-ince, part 2: Noranda-Kirkland Lake area: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 30, p. 29-41.
76. Mortensen, J.K., 1993c, U-Pb geochronology of the Lapparent massif, northeastern Abitibi Belt: Basement or synvolcanic pluton: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 30, p. 42-47.
77. Mortensen, J.K., and Card, K.D., 1993, U-Pb age constraints for the magmatic and tectonic evolution of the Pontiac Subprovince, Quebec: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 30, p. 1970-1980.
78. Moyen, J.-F., and Stevens, G., 2006, Experimental constraints on TTG petro-genesis: Implications for Archean geodynamics, in Benn, K., et al., eds., Archean geodynamics and environments: American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph 164, p. 149-175.
79. Moyen, J.-F., Martin, H., Jayananda, M., and Auvray, B., 2003, Late Archaean granites: A typology based on the Dharwar Craton (India): Precambrian Research, v. 127, p. 103-123, doi: 10.1016/S0301-9268(03)00183-9.
80. Moyen, J.-F., Stevens, G., Kisters, A.F.M., and Belcher, R.W., 2007, TTG plutons of the Barberton granitoid-greenstone terrain, South Africa, in Van Kranendonk, M.J., Smithies, R.H., and Bennet, V., eds., Earth's oldest rocks: Amsterdam, Elsevier, Developments in Precambrian Geology, v. 15, p. 607-668.
81. Mueller, W.U., Daigneault, R., Mortensen, J.K., and Chown, E.H., 1996, Archean terrane docking: Upper crust collision tectonics, Abitibi greenstone belt, Quebec, Canada: Tectonophysics, v. 265, p. 127-150, doi:10.1016/S0040- 1951(96)00149-7.
82. Oliver, H.S., Hughes, D.J., Hall, R.P., and Johns, G.W., 2000, Lithogeochemistry of the Shining Tree area, in Summary of field work and other activities: Ontario Geological Survey Open File Report 6032, p. 6.1-6.14.
83. Patino-Douce, A.E., 2005, Vapor-absent melting of tonalite at 15-32 kbar: Journal of Petrology, v. 46, p. 275-290, doi: 10.1093/petrology/egh071.
84. Patino-Douce, A.E., and Beard, J.S., 1995, Dehydration-melting of Bt gneiss and Qtz amphibolite from 3 to 15 kB: Journal of Petrology, v. 36, p. 707-738.
85. Percival, J.A., 1988, Deep geology out in the open: Nature, v. 335, p. 671, doi: 10.1038/335671a0.
86. Percival, J.A., and Krogh, T.E., 1983, U-Pb zircon geochronology of the Kapuskasing structural zone and vicinity in the Chapleau-Foleyet area, Ontario: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 20, p. 830-843.
87. Percival, J.A., Stern, R.A., Skulski, T., Card, K.D., Mortensen, J.K., and Begin, N.J., 1994, Minto block, Superior Province: Missing link in deciphering assembly of the craton at 2.7 Ga: Geology, v. 22, p. 839-842, doi: 10.113 0/0091-7613(1994)022<0839:MBSPML>2.3.CO;2.
88. Peschler, A.P., Benn, K., and Roest, W.R., 2004, Insights on Archean continental geodynamics from gravity modelling of granite-greenstone terranes: Journal of Geodynamics, v. 38, p. 185-207, doi: 10.1016/j.jog.2004.06.005.
89. Peschler, A.P., Benn, K., and Roest, W.R., 2006, Gold-bearing fault zones related to Late Archean orogenic folding of upper and middle crust in the Abitibi granite-greenstone belt, Ontario: Precambrian Research, v. 151, p. 143-159, doi: 10.1016/j.precamres.2006.08.013.
90. Polat, A., and Kerrich, R., 2001, Geodynamic processes, continental growth, and mantle evolution recorded in the Late Archean greenstone belts of the southern Superior Province, Canada: Precambrian Research, v. 112, p. 5-25, doi: 10.1016/S0301-9268(01)00168-1.
91. Polat, A., and Kerrich, R., 2006, Reading the geochemical fingerprints of Archean hot subduction volcanic rocks: Evidence for accretion and crustal recycling in a mobile tectonic regime, in Benn, K., et al., eds., Archean geodynamics and environments: American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph 164, p. 189-213.
92. Rapp, R.P., 2003, Experimental constraints on the origin of compositional variations in the adakite-TTG-sanukitoid-HMA family of granitoids, in EGS-AGU-EUG joint assembly, Nice, France, 6-11 April 2003, p. 8123.
93. Rapp, R.P., and Watson, E.B., 1995, Dehydration melting of metabasalt at 8-32 kbar: Implications for continental growth and crust-mantle recycling: Journal of Petrology, v. 36, p. 891-931.
94. Rapp, R.P., Watson, E.B., and Miller, C.F., 1991, Partial melting of amphibolite/ eclogite and the origin of Archaean trondhjemites and tonalites: Precam-brian Research, v. 51, p. 1-25, doi: 10.1016/0301-9268(91)90092-O.
95. Rapp, R.P., Shimizu, N., Norman, M.D., and Applegate, G.S., 1999, Reaction between slab-derived melts and peridotite in the mantle wedge: Experimental constraints at 3.8 GPa: Chemical Geology, v. 160, p. 335-356, doi: 10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00106-0.
96. Sawyer, E.W., 1998, Formation and evolution of granite magmas during crustal reworking: The significance of diatexites: Journal of Petrology, v. 39, p. 1147-1167, doi: 10.1093/petrology/39.6.1147.
97. Sawyer, E.W., and Barnes, S.J., 1994, Thrusting, magmatic intraplating, and metamorphic complex development in the Archean Belleterre-Angliers greenstone belt, Superior Province, Quebec, Canada: Precambrian Research, v. 68, p. 183-200, doi: 10.1016/0301-9268(94)90029-9.
98. Sawyer, E.W., and Benn, K., 1993, Structure of the high-grade Opatica Belt and adjacent low-grade Abitibi Subprovince, Canada: An Archean mountain front: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 15, p. 1443-1458, doi: 10.1016/0191-8141(93)90005-U.
99. Schmidt, M.W., 1993, Phase relations and composition in tonalite as a function of pressure: An experimental study at 650 °C: American Journal of Science, v. 293, p. 1011-1060.
100. Schmidt, M.W., and Thompson, A.B., 1996, Epidote in calc-alkaline magmas: An experimental study of stability, phase relationships and the role of epi-dote in magmatic evolution: American Mineralogist, v. 81, p. 462-474.
101. Shirey, S.B., and Hanson, G.N., 1984, Mantle-derived Archaean monzodiorites and trachyandesites: Nature, v. 310, p. 222-224, doi: 10.1038/310222a0.
102. 230 Th disequilibria in arc lavas from southern Chile and implications for magma transfer time: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 196, p. 189-196, doi: 10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00611-2.
103. Smithies, R.H., and Champion, D.C., 2000, The Archaean high-Mg diorite suite: Links to tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite magmatism and implications for Early Archaean crustal growth: Journal of Petrology, v. 41, p. 1653-1671, doi: 10.1093/petrology/41.12.1653.
104. Smithies, R.H., Champion, D.C., and Sun, S.S., 2004, Evidence for early LREE-enriched mantle source regions: Diverse magmas from the c. 3.0 Ga Mallina Basin, Pilbara Craton, NW Australia: Journal of Petrology, v. 45, p. 1515-1537, doi: 10.1093/petrology/egh014.
105. Spear, F.S., 1993, Metamorphic phase equilibria and pressure-temperature- time paths: Mineralogical Society of America Monograph: Washington, D.C., Mineralogical Society of America, Monograph 1, 799 p.
106. Spiegelman, M., Kelemen, P., and Aharonov, E., 2001, Causes and consequences of flow organization during melt transport: The reaction infiltration instability in compactible media: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 106, no. B2, p. 2061-2077, doi: 10.1029/2000JB900240.
107. Sproule, R.A., Lesher, C.M., Ayer, J.A., Thurston, P.C., and Herzberg, C.T., 2002, Spatial and temporal variations in the geochemistry of komatiitic basalts in the Abitibi greenstone belt: Precambrian Research, v. 115, p. 153-186, doi: 10.1016/S0301-9268(02)00009-8.
108. Stein, M., and Goldstein, S.L., 1996, From plume head to continental litho-sphere in the Arabian-Nubian shield: Nature, v. 382, p. 773-778, doi: 10.1038/382773a0.
109. Stern, R.A., and Hanson, G.N., 1991, Archaean high-Mg granodiorites: A derivative of light rare earth enriched monzodiorite of mantle origin: Journal of Petrology, v. 32, p. 201-238.
110. Stern, R.A., Hanson, G.N., and Shirey, S.B., 1989, Petrogenesis of mantle-derived, LILE-enriched Archean monzodiorites and trachyandesites (sanukitoids) in southwestern Superior Province: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 26, p. 1688-1712.
111. Stevenson, R.K., Henry, P., and Gariepy, C., 1999, Assimilation- fractional crystallization origin of Archean sanukitoid suites, western Superior Province, Canada: Precambrian Research, v. 96, p. 83-99, doi: 10.1016/ S0301-9268(99)00009-1.
112. Sutcliffe, R., Smith, A., Doherty, W., and Barnett, R., 1990, Mantle derivation of Archaean amphibole-bearing granitoids and associated mafic rocks: Evidence from the southern Superior Province, Canada: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 105, p. 255-274, doi: 10.1007/BF00306538.
113. Thorkelson, D.J., and Breitsprecher, K., 2005, Partial melting of slab window margins: Genesis of adakitic and non-adakitic magmas: Lithos, v. 79, p. 25-41, doi: 10.1016/j.lithos.2004.04.049.
114. Thurston, P.C., 2002, Autochthonous development of Superior Province greenstone belts?: Precambrian Research, v. 115, p. 11-36, doi: 10.1016/S0301-9268(02)00004-9.
115. Van Kranendonk, M.J., Collins, W.J., Hickman, A.H., and Pawley, M.J., 2004, Critical tests of vertical vs. horizontal tectonic models for the Archaean East Pilbara granite-greenstone terrane, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia: Precambrian Research, v. 131, p. 173-211, doi: 10.1016/ j.precamres.2003.12.015.
116. Vervoort, J.D., White, W.M., and Thorpe, R.I., 1994, Nd and Pb isotope ratios of the Abitibi Greenstone Belt: New evidence for very early differentiation of the Earth: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 128, p. 215-229, doi: 10.1016/0012-821X(94)90146-5.
117. White, R.V., Tarney, J., Kerr, A.C., Saunders, A.D., Kempton, P.D., Pringle, M.S., and Klaver, G.T., 1999, Modification of an oceanic plateau, Aruba, Dutch Caribbean: Implications for the generation of continental crust: Lithos, v. 46, p. 43-68, doi: 10.1016/S0024-4937(98)00061-9.
118. Wyman, D.A., 1999a, A 2.7 Ga depleted tholeiite suite: Evidence of plume-arc interaction in the Abitibi Greenstone Belt, Canada: Precambrian Research, v. 97, p. 27-42, doi: 10.1016/S0301-9268(99)00018-2.
119. Wyman, D.A., 1999b, Lode gold deposits and Archean mantle plume-island arc interaction, Abitibi Subprovince, Canada: Journal of Geology, v. 107, p. 715-725, doi: 10.1086/314376.
120. Wyman, D.A., 2003, Upper mantle processes beneath the 2.7 Ga Abitibi belt, Canada: A trace element perspective: Precambrian Research, v. 127, p. 143-165, doi: 10.1016/S0301-9268(03)00185-2.
121. Wyman, D.A., and Kerrich, R., 2002, Formation of Archean continental litho-spheric roots: The role of mantle plumes: Geology, v. 30, p. 543-546, doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0543:FOACLR>2.0.CO;2.
122. Wyman, D.A., Kerrich, R., and Polat, A., 2002, Assembly of Archean cratonic mantle lithosphere and crust: Plume-arc interaction in the Abitibi-Wawa subduction-accretion complex: Precambrian Research, v. 115, p. 37-62, doi: 10.1016/S0301-9268(02)00005-0.
123. Zegers, T.E., and Van Keken, P.E., 2001, Middle Archean continent formation by crustal delamination: Geology, v. 29, p. 1083-1086, doi: 10.1130/009 1-7613(2001)029<1083:MACFBC>2.0.CO;2.
124. Zhao, D.P., 2004, Global tomographic images of mantle plumes and subducting slabs: Insight into deep Earth dynamics: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, v. 146, p. 3-34, doi: 10.1016/j.pepi.2003.07.032.