A high-precision method for measurement of paleoatmospheric CO2 in small polar ice samples

Journal of Glaciology

Volumn 55, Issue 191, 2009, Pages 499-506

  Ahn, Jinho ^a   Brook, Edward J ^a   Howell, Kate ^a  

^a OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBON DIOXIDE; DECADAL VARIATION; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; ICE CORE; ICE SHEET; MEASUREMENT METHOD; PALEOATMOSPHERE; POLAR REGION; TEMPORAL ANALYSIS;

EID: 69549108758     PISSN: 00221430     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3189/002214309788816731     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. 2 and climate from 65 to 30kaBP. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34(10), LI0703. (10.1029/ 2007GL029551.)
2. Ahn, J. and E.J. Brook. 2008. Atmospheric CO2 and climate on millennial timescales during the last glacial period. Science, 322(5898), 83-85.
3. Ahn, J. and 6 others. 2004. A record of atmospheric CO2 during the last 40 000 years from the Siple Dome, Antarctica ice core. J. Ceophys. Res., 109(D13), D13305. (10.1029/2003JD004415.)
4. Ahn, J., M. Headly, M. Wahlen, E.J. Brook, P.A. Mayewski and K.C. Taylor. 2008. CO2 diffusion in polar ice: Observations from naturally formed CO2 spikes in the Siple Dome (Antarctica) ice core. J. Claciol., 54(187), 685-695.
5. Anklin, M., J.M. Barnola, J. Schwander, B. Stauffer and D. Raynaud. 1995. Processes affecting the CO2 concentrations measured in Greenland ice. Tellus, 47B(4), 461-470.
6. Anklin, M. and 6 others. 1997. CO2 record between 40 and 8 kyrBP from the Greenland Ice Core Project ice core. J. Ceophys. Res., 102(C12), 26 539-26 546.
7. Barnola, J.M., M. Anklin, J. Porcheron, D. Raynaud, J. Schwander and B. Stauffer. 1995. CO2 evolution during the last millennium as recorded by Antarctic and Greenland ice. Tellus, 47B(1-2), 264-272.
8. Bender, M., T. Sowers and V. Lipenkov. 1995. On the concentration of O2., N2, and Ar in trapped gases from ice cores. J. Ceophys. Res., 100(D9), 18,651-18,660.
9. Delmas, R.J., J.M. Ascencio and M. Legrand. 1980. Polar ice evidence that atmospheric CO2 20000yrBP was 50% of present. Nature, 284(5752), 155-157.
10. Etheridge, D.M., G.I. Pearman and F. de Silva. 1988. Atmospheric trace-gas variations as revealed by air trapped in an ice core from Law Dome, Antarctica. Ann. Glaciol., 10, 28-33.
11. Etheridge, D.M., L.P. Steele, R.L. Langenfelds, R.J. Francey, J.M. Barnola and V.I. Morgan. 1996. Natural and anthropogenic changes in atmospheric CO2 over the last 1000 years from air in Antarctic ice and firn. J. Ceophys. Res., 10KD2), 4115-4128.
12. 2 around the last three glacial terminations. Science, 283(5408), 1712-1714.
13. Güllük, T., F. Slemr and B. Stauffer. 1998. Simultaneous measurements of CO2, CH4., and N2O in air extracted by sublimation from Antarctica ice cores: confirmation of the data obtained using other extraction techniques. J. Ceophys. Res., 103(D13), 15,971-15,978.
14. Hamilton, G.S. 2002. Mass balance and accumulation rate across Siple Dome, West Antarctica. Ann. Claciol., 35, 102-106.
15. Indermiihle, A. and 11 others. 1999. Holocene carbon-cycle dynamics based on CO2 trapped in ice at Taylor Dome, Antarctica. Nature, 398(6723), 121-126.
16. Indermühle, A., E. Monnin, B. Stauffer, T. Stacker and M. Wahlen. 2000. Atmospheric CO2 concentration from 60 to 20 kyr BP from the Taylor Dome ice core, Antarctica. Ceophys. Res. Lett, 27(5), 735-738.
17. Kawamura, K., T. Nakazawa, S. Aoki, S. Sugawara, Y. Fujii and O. Watanabe. 2003. Atmospheric CO2 variations over the last three glacial-interglacial climatic cycles deduced from the Dome Fuji deep ice core, Antarctica using a wet extraction technique. Tellus B, 55(2), 126-137.
18. Lüthi, D. and 10 others. 2008. High-resolution carbon dioxide concentration record 650 000-800 000 years before present. Nature, 453(7193), 379-382.
19. MacFarling Meure, C. and 7 others. 2006. Law Dome CO2, CH4 and N2O ice core records extended to 2000 years BP. Ceophys. Res. Lett, 33(14), LI4810. (10.1029/2006GL026152.)
20. Monnin, E. and 7 others. 2001. Atmospheric CO2 concentrations over the last glacial termination. Science, 291(5501), 112-114.
21. Moor, E. and B. Stauffer. 1984. A new dry extraction system for gases in ice. ]. Glaciol., 30(106), 358-361.
22. Nakazawa, T. and 6 others. 1993. Measurements of CO2 and CH4 concentrations in air in a polar ice core. J. Claciol., 39(132), 209-215.
23. Neftel, A., H. Oeschger, J. Schwander and B. Stauffer. 1983. Carbon dioxide concentration in bubbles of natural cold ice. J. Phys. Chem., 87(21), 4116-4120.
24. Petit, J.R. and 18 others. 1999. Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420 000 years from the Vostok ice core, Antarctica. Nature, 399(6735), 429-436.
25. Raynaud, D., J Jouzel, J.M. Barnola, J. Chappellaz, R.J. Delmas and C. Lorius. 1993. The ice record of greenhouse gases. Science, 259, 926-934.
26. Severinghaus, J.P., A. Grachev and M. Battle. 2001. Thermal fractionation of air in polar firn by seasonal temperature gradients. Ceochem. Ceophys. Ceosyst, 2(7), 1048. (10.1029/ 2000GC000146.)
27. Siegenthaler, U., T.F. Stacker, E. Monnin, D. Lüthi, J. Schwander and B. Stauffer. 2005. Stable carbon cycle-climate relationship during the late Pleistocene. Science, 310(5752), 1313-1317.
28. Smith, H.J., M. Wahlen, D. Mastroianni and K.C. Taylor. 1997a. The CO2 concentration of air trapped in GISP2 ice from the last glacial maximum-Holocene transition. Ceophys. Res. Lett, 24(1), 1-4.
29. Smith, H.J., M. Wahlen, D. Mastroianni, K. Taylor and P. Mayewski. 1997b. The CO2 concentration of air trapped in Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 ice formed during periods of rapid climate change. J. Ceophys. Res., 102(C12), 26,577-26,582.
30. Solomon, S. and 7 others, eds. 2007. Climate change 2007: the physical science basis. Contribution of Working Croup I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge, etc., Cambridge University Press.
31. Spahni, R., J. Schwander, J. Fluckiger, B. Stauffer, J. Chappellaz and D. Raynaud. 2003. The attenuation of fast atmospheric CH4 variations recorded in polar ice cores. J. Ceophys. Res., 30(11), 1571. (10.1029/2003GL017093.)
32. Stauffer, B. 2006. CO2 studies. In Elias, S.A., ed Encyclopedia of Quaternary science, Vol.2. Amsterdam, etc., Elsevier, 1181-1189.
33. Stauffer, B., A. Neftel, H. Oeschger and J. Schwander. 1985. CO2 concentration in air extracted from Greenland ice samples. In Langway, C.C., Jr, H. Oeschger and W. Dansgaard, eds. Greenland ice core: geophysics, geochemistry, and the environment. Washington, DC, American Geophysical Union, 85-89.
34. Stauffer, B. and 10 others. 1998. Atmospheric CO2 concentration and millennial-scale climate change during the last glacial period. Nature, 392(6671), 59-62. (Pubitemid 28150586)
35. Stauffer, B. and J. Tschumi. 2000. Reconstruction of past atmospheric CO2 concentrations by ice core analyses. In Hondoh, T., ed. Physics of ice core records. Sapporo, Hokkaido University Press, 217-241.
36. Steig, E.J., D.L. Morse, E.D. Waddington and P.J. Polissar. 1998. Using the sunspot cycle to date ice cores. Ceophys. Res. Lett., 25(2). 163-166.
37. Taylor, K.C. and 13 others. 2004. Abrupt climate change around 22 Ka on the Siple Coast of Antarctica. Quat. Sci. Rev., 23(1-2), 7-15.
38. Tschumi, J. and B. Stauffer. 2000. Reconstructing past atmospheric CO2 concentration based on ice-core analyses: open questions due to in situ production of CO2 in ice. J. Glaciol., 46(152), 45-53.
39. Waddington, E.D. and D.L. Morse. 1994. Spatial variations of local climate at Taylor Dome, Antarctica: implications for paleo-climate from ice cores. Ann. Glaciol., 20, 219-225.
40. Wahlen, M., D. Allen, B. Deck and A. Herchenroder. 1991. Initial measurements of CO2 concentrations (1530 to 1940 AD) in air occluded in the GISP2 ice core from central Greenland. Geophys. Res. Lett, 18(8), 1457-1460.
41. Wilson, A.T. and A. Long. 1997. New approaches to CO2 analysis in polar ice cores. J. Ceophys. Res., 102(C12), 26,601-26,606.
42. Zumbrunn, R., A. Neftel and H. Oeschger. 1982. CO2 measurements on 1 cm3 ice samples with an IR laser-spectrometer (IRLS) combined with a new dry extraction device. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, 60(2), 318-324.