Remagnetization in the Tennessee salient, Southern Appalachians, USA: Constraints on the timing of deformation

Tectonophysics

Volumn 474, Issue 3-4, 2009, Pages 709-722

  Hnat, James S ^a   van der Pluijm, Ben A ^a   Van der Voo, Rob ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

Chickamauga Group; Orogenic curvature; Paleomagnetism; Red Mountain Formation; Rome Formation; Tennessee salient

Indexed keywords

CHICKAMAUGA GROUP; OROGENIC CURVATURE; PALEOMAGNETISM; RED MOUNTAIN FORMATION; ROME FORMATION; TENNESSEE SALIENT;

DEFORMATION; DEMAGNETIZATION; GEOMAGNETISM; LANDFORMS; LIMESTONE; MAGNETS; ROTATION; STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY;

STRATIGRAPHY;

APPARENT POLAR WANDER PATH; CAMBRIAN; DATA SET; DEFORMATION MECHANISM; FOLD AND THRUST BELT; KINEMATICS; LIMESTONE; ORDOVICIAN; OROGENY; PALEOMAGNETISM; PENNSYLVANIAN; RED BED; REMAGNETIZATION; TECTONIC EVOLUTION; THERMAL ALTERATION;

APPALACHIANS; NORTH AMERICA; TENNESSEE; UNITED STATES;

EID: 69249232014     PISSN: 00401951     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2009.05.017     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Bachtadse V., Van der Voo R., Hayes F.M., and Kesler S.A. Late Paleozoic remagnetization of mineralized and unmineralized Ordovician carbonates from east Tennessee: evidence for a post-ore chemical event. Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth 92 (1987) 14165-14176
2. Berdan J.M., Boucot A.J., and Ferrill B.A. The first fossiliferous Pridolian beds from the Southern Appalachians in northern Alabama, and the age of the uppermost Red Mountain Formation. Journal of Paleontology 60 (1986) 180-185
3. In: Berry W.B.N., and Boucot A.J. (Eds). Correlation of the North American Silurian rocks. Geological Society of America Special Paper vol. 102 (1970) 289 pp.
4. Bethke C.M., and Marshak S. Brine migrations across North America: the plate tectonics of groundwater. Annual Reviews of Earth and Planentary Science 18 (1990) 287-315
5. Carey S.W. The orocline concept in geotectonics. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 89 (1955) 255-289
6. Cederquist D.P., Van der Voo R., and van der Pluijm B.A. Syn-folding remagnetization of Cambro-Ordovician carbonates from the Pennsylvania salient post-dates oroclinal rotation. Tectonophysics 422 (2006) 41-54
7. Cifelli F., Rossetti F., Mattei M., Hirt A.M., Funiciello R., and Tortorici L. An AMS, structural and paleomagnetic study of Quaternary deformation in eastern Sicily. Journal of Structural Geology 26 (2004) 29-46
8. Eldredge S.V., Bachtadse V., and Van der Voo R. Paleomagnetism and the orocline hypothesis. Tectonophysics 119 (1985) 153-179
9. Evans M.A., Elmore R.D., and Lewchuk M.T. Examining the relationship between remagnetization and orogenic fluids: central Appalachians. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 69-70 (2000) 139-142
10. Fisher R.A. Dispersion on a sphere. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A 217 (1953) 295-305
11. French A.N., and Van der Voo R. The magnetization of the Rose Hill Formation at the classical site of Graham's fold test. Journal of Geophysical Research B 84 (1979) 7688-7696
12. Graham J.W. The stability and significance of magnetism in sedimentary rocks. Journal of Geophysical Research 54 (1949) 131-167
13. Hardeman, W.D., 1966. Geologic map of Tennessee. State of Tennessee Department of Conversation, Division of Geology, scale 1:250,000.
14. Harris L.D., and Milici R.C. Characteristics of a thin-skinned style of deformation in the southern Appalachians, and potential hydrocarbon traps. USGS Professional Paper 1018 (1977)
15. Hatcher Jr. R.D. Properties of thrusts and upper bounds for the size of thrust sheets. In: McClay K.R. (Ed). Thrust Tectonics and Hydrocarbon Systems. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir vol. 82 (2004) 18-29
16. Hatcher Jr. R.D., Lemiszki P.J., and Whisner J.B. Character of rigid boundaries and internal deformation of the Southern Appalachian foreland fold-thrust belt. In: Sears J.W., Harms T.A., and Evenchick C.A. (Eds). Whence the mountains? Inquiries into the evolution of orogenic systems; a volume in honor of Raymond A. Price. Geological Society of America Special Paper vol. 433 (2007) 243-276
17. Hatcher Jr. R.D., Thomas W.A., Geiser P.A., Snoke A.W., Mosher S., and Wiltschko D.V. Alleghanian orogen. In: Hatcher Jr. R.D., Thomas W.A., and Viele G.E. (Eds). The Appalachian-Ouachita Orogen in the United States, The Geology of North America Volume F-2 (1989), Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colorado 233-318
18. Hindle D., and Burkhard M. Strain, displacement and rotation associated with the formation of curvature in fold belts; the example of the Jura arc. Journal of Structural Geology 21 (1999) 1089-1101
19. Hnat J.S., van der Pluijm B.A., Van der Voo R., and Thomas W.A. Differential displacement and rotation in thrust fronts: a magnetic, calcite twinning and palinspastic study of the Jones Valley thrust, Alabama, US Appalachians. Journal of Structural Geology 30 (2008) 725-738
20. Hodych J.P., Paetzold R.R., and Buchan K.L. Chemical remanent magnetization due to deep-burial diagenesis in oolitic hematite-bearing ironstones of Alabama. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 37 (1985) 261-284
21. Irving E., and Opdyke N.D. The paleomagnetism of the Bloomsburg red beds and its possible application to the tectonic history of the Appalachians. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 9 (1965) 153-167
22. Jelinek V. Statistical processing of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility measured on groups of specimens. Studia Geophysica et geodetica 22 (1978) 50-62
23. Kent D.V. Further paleomagnetic evidence for oroclinal rotation in the central folded Appalachians from the Bloomsburg and the Mauch Chunk Formations. Tectonics 7 (1988) 749-759
24. Kent D.V., and Opdyke N.D. Multicomponent magnetization from the Mississippian Mauch Chunk Formation of the central Appalachians and their tectonic implications. Journal of Geophysical Research B 90 (1985) 5371-5383
25. Kesler S.E., and van der Pluijm B.A. Timing of Mississippi Valley-type mineralization; relation to Appalachian orogenic events. Geology 18 (1990) 1115-1118
26. Kirschvink J.L. The least-square line and plane and the analysis of palaeomagnetic data. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 62 (1980) 699-718
27. Knowles R.R., and Opdyke N.D. Paleomagnetic results from the Mauch Chunk Formation: a test of the origin of curvature in the folded Appalachians of Pennsylvania. Journal of Geophysical Research 73 (1968) 6515-6526
28. Kodama K.P. Remanence rotation due to rock strain during folding and the stepwise application of the fold test. Journal of Geophysical Research B 93 (1988) 3357-3371
29. Lawton, D.E. et al., 1976. Geologic map of Georgia. Georgia Department of Natural Resources and Georgia Geological Survey, scale 1:250,000.
30. Leach D.L., Bradley D., Lewchuk M.T., Symons D.T.A., de Marsily G., and Brannon J. Mississippi Valley-type lead-zinc deposits through geological time; implications from recent age-dating research. Mineralium Deposita 36 (2001) 711-740
31. Lowrie W., and Hirt A.M. Paleomagnetism in arcuate mountain belts. In: Wezel, and Forese-Carlo (Eds). The Origin of Arcs (1986), Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands 141-157
32. Macedo J., and Marshak S. Controls on the geometry of fold-thrust belt salients. Geological Society of America Bulletin 111 (1999) 1808-1822
33. Marshak S. Kinematics of orocline and arc formation in thin-skinned orogens. Tectonics 7 (1988) 73-86
34. Marshak S. Salients, recesses, arcs, oroclines, and syntaxes; a review of ideas concerning the formation of map-view curves in fold-thrust belts. In: McClay K.R. (Ed). Thrust Tectonics and Hydrocarbon Systems. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir vol. 82 (2004) 131-156
35. Marshak S., Wilkerson M.S., and Hsui A.T. Generation of curved fold-thrust belts; insight from simple physical and analytical models. In: McClay K.R. (Ed). Thrust Tectonics (1992), Chapman & Hall, London, United Kingdom 83-92
36. McCabe C., Van der Voo R., and Ballard M.M. Late Paleozoic remagnetization of the Trenton limestone. Geophysical Research Letters 11 (1984) 979-982
37. McCabe C., Van der Voo R., Wilkinson B.H., and Devaney K. A Middle/Late Silurian paleomagnetic pole from limestone reefs of the Wabash Formation, Indiana, USA. Journal of Geophysical Research B 90 (1985) 2959-2965
38. McCabe C., and Elmore R.D. The occurrence and origin of Late Paleozoic remagnetization in the sedimentary rocks of North America. Reviews of Geophysics 27 (1989) 471-494
39. McCaig A.M., and McClelland E. Paleaeomagnetic techniques applied to thrust belts. In: McClay K.R. (Ed). Thrust Tectonics (1992), Chapman and Hall, New York, New York 209-216
40. McDowell, R.C., Grabowski Jr., G.J., Moore, S.L., 1981. Geologic map of Kentucky. US Geological Survey, scale 1:250,000.
41. McElhinny M.W. Statistical significance of the fold test in paleomagnetism. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 8 (1964) 338-340
42. McFadden P.L., and Jones D.L. The fold test in paleomagnetism. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 67 (1981) 53-58
43. Milici R.C. The stratigraphy of Knox County, Tennessee. Bulletin - Tennessee, Division of Geology 70 (1973) 9-24
44. Miller J.D., and Kent D.V. Paleomagnetism of the Upper Devonian Catskill Formation from the southern limb of the Pennsylvania salient; possible evidence of oroclinal rotation. Geophysical Research Letters 13 (1986) 1173-1176
45. Miller J.D., and Kent D.V. Regional trends in the timing of Alleghanian remagnetization in the Appalachians. Geology 16 (1988) 588-591
46. Miller J.D., and Kent D.V. Paleomagnetism of the Upper Ordovician Juniata Formation of the Central Appalachians revisited again. Journal of Geophysical Research B 94 (1989) 1843-1849
47. Morrison J., and Ellwood B.B. Paleomagnetism of Silurian-Ordovician sediments from the Valley and Ridge Province, Northwest Georgia. Geophysical Research Letters 13 (1986) 189-192
48. Oliver J. Fluids expelled tectonically from orogenic belts; their role in hydrocarbon migration and other geologic phenomena. Geology 14 (1986) 99-102
49. Osbourne, W.E., Szabo, M.W., Neatherly, T.L., Copeland Jr., C.W., 1988. Geologic map of Alabama: Northeast sheet. Geological Survey of Alabama, Special Map 220, scale 1:250,000.
50. Pannalal S.J., Symons D.T.A., and Misra K.C. Sweetwater Ba-F-Zn district, eastern Tennessee: a paleomagnetic age for dolomitisation from fluid flow. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 78-79 (2003) 235-241
51. Perroud H., and Van der Voo R. Secondary magnetizations from the Clinton-type iron ores of the Silurian Red Mountain Formation, Alabama. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 67 (1984) 391-399
52. Pueyo E.L., Pocovi A., Millán H., and Sussman A.J. Map-view models for correctiong and calculating shortening estimates in rotated thrust fronts using paleomagnetic data. In: Weil A.B., and Sussman A.J. (Eds). Orogenic Curvature; Integrating Paleomagnetic and Structural Analyses. Geological Society of America Special Paper vol. 383 (2004) 57-71
53. Rankin D.W. The continental margin of eastern North America in the southern Appalachians; the opening and closing of the Proto-Atlantic Ocean. American Journal of Science 275-A (1975) 298-336
54. Rodgers J. Geologic map of East Tennessee with explanatory text. Tennessee Department of Conservation, Division of Geology Bulletin 58 (1953)
55. Rodgers J. The tectonics of the Appalachians (1970), Wiley Interscience, New York, New York 271 pp.
56. Roy J.L., Opdyke N.D., and Irving E. Further paleomagnetic results from the Bloomsburg Formation. Journal of Geophysical Research 72 (1967) 5075-5086
57. Schwartz S.Y., and Van der Voo R. Paleomagnetic evaluation of the orocline hypothesis in the Central and Southern Appalachians. Geophysical Research Letters 10 (1983) 505-508
58. Somma R. The south-western side of the Calabrian Arc (Peloritani Mountains): geological, structural and AMS evidence for passive clockwise rotations. Journal of Geodynamics 41 (2006) 422-439
59. Stamatakos J., and Hirt A.M. Paleomagnetic considerations of the development of the Pennsylvania salient in the Central Appalachians. Tectonophysics 231 (1994) 237-255
60. Stamatakos J., Hirt A.M., and Lowrie W. The age and timing of folding in the Central Appalachians from paleomagnetic results. Geological Society of America Bulletin 108 (1996) 815-829
61. Symons D.T.A., and Stratakos K.K. Paleomagnetic dating of Alleghenian orogenesis and mineralization in the Mascot-Jefferson City zinc district of East Tennessee, USA. Tectonophysics 348 (2002) 51-72
62. Tauxe L. Paleomagnetic Principles and Practice (1998), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston 299 pp.
63. Thomas W.A. Evolution of Appalachian-Ouachita salients and recesses from reentrants and promontories in the continental margin. American Journal of Science 277 (1977) 1233-1278
64. Thomas W.A. The Appalachian-Ouachita rifted margin of southeastern North America. Geological Society of America Bulletin 103 (1991) 415-431
65. Thomas W.A. Genetic relationship of rift-stage crustal structure, terrane accretion, and foreland tectonics along the southern Appalachian-Ouachita orogen. Journal of Geodynamics 37 (2004) 549-563
66. Torsvik T., Briden J.C., and Smethurst M.A. SuperIAPD1999 - Software Package (1999), Geological Survey of Norway, Trondheim
67. Torsvik T.H., Müller R.D., Van der Voo R., Steinberger B., and Gaina C. Global plate motion frames: oward a unified model. Reviews of Geophysics 46 (2008) RG3004 10.1029/2007RG000227
68. Van der Voo R. Paleomagnetism of the Atlantic, Tethys and Iapetus Oceans (1993), Cambridge University Press, New York, New York 411 pp.
69. Van der Voo R., French A.N., and French R.B. A paleomagnetic pole position from the folded Upper Devonian Catskill red beds, and its tectonic implications. Geology 7 (1977) 345-348
70. Vigil J.F., Pike R.J., and Howell D.G. A tapestry of time and terrain. USGS Geologic Investigations Series I 2720 (2000)
71. Watts D.R., and Van der Voo R. Paleomagnetic results from the Ordovician Moccasin, Bays, and Chapman Ridge formations of the Valley and Ridge Province, eastern Tennessee. Journal of Geophysical Research B 84 (1979) 645-655
72. Watts D.R., Van der Voo R., and French R.B. Paleomagnetic investigation of the Cambrian Waynesboro and Rome formations of the Valley and Ridge Province of the Appalachian Mountains. Journal of Geophysical Research B 85 (1980) 5331-5343
73. Weil A.B., and Sussman A.J. Classification of curved orogens based on the timing relationships between structural development and vertical-axis rotations. In: Weil A.B., and Sussman A.J. (Eds). Orogenic Curvature; Integrating Paleomagnetic and Structural Analyses. Geological Society of America Special Paper vol. 383 (2004) 1-17
74. Woodward N.B., Walker K.R., and Lutz C.T. Relationships between early Paleozoic facies patterns and structural trends in the Saltville thrust family, Tennessee Valley and Ridge, Southern Appalachians. Geological Society of America Bulletin 100 (1988) 1758-1769
75. Zijderveld J.D.A. AC demagnetization of rocks: analysis of results. In: Collinson D.W., and Creer K.M. (Eds). Methods in Paleomagnetism (1967), Elsevier, Amsterdam 254-286