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This assumes that there is no evolution of the spatial modes during the coupling pulse, i.e. the pulses perform spin rotations locally throughout the condensate. This is valid for sufficiently strong electromagnetic coupling of the states, namely, when Ωt heal -1, where theal is the characteristic time for the condensate spatial mode to respond to the mean-field perturbation. We have confirmed the validity of this approximation by simulating the condensate evolution during the coupling pulse using the CGPE, Eqs. 8 8. Typical parameters lead to a phase variation of less than 15 mrad across the condensate. This is sufficient to consider the relative phase spatially uniform across the condensate immediately following the first π/2 pulse
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This assumes that there is no evolution of the spatial modes during the coupling pulse, i.e. the pulses perform spin rotations locally throughout the condensate. This is valid for sufficiently strong electromagnetic coupling of the states, namely, when Ωt heal -1, where theal is the characteristic time for the condensate spatial mode to respond to the mean-field perturbation. We have confirmed the validity of this approximation by simulating the condensate evolution during the coupling pulse using the CGPE, Eqs. 8 8. Typical parameters lead to a phase variation of less than 15 mrad across the condensate. This is sufficient to consider the relative phase spatially uniform across the condensate immediately following the first π/2 pulse.
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We infer a decoherence time of 350 ms, which is the exponential decay required to account for the loss of Ramsey visibility in Fig. 2, in addition to the dominant mean-field dephasing
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