Estimating palaeo-water depth from the physical rock record

Earth-Science Reviews

Volumn 96, Issue 1-2, 2009, Pages 107-139

  Immenhauser, Adrian ^a  

^a RUHR UNIVERSITY BOCHUM   (Germany)

Author keywords

bedforms; currents; palaeo bathymetry; sedimentary record; storms; threshold limits; wave base; waves

Indexed keywords

BATHYMETRY; BEDFORM; COMPLEXITY; ESTIMATION METHOD; LITERATURE REVIEW; SEDIMENTARY ROCK; STORM; WATER DEPTH;

EID: 68949149743     PISSN: 00128252     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2009.06.003     Document Type: Review

References (245)

1. Aigner T. Storm Depositional Systems (1985), Springer Verlag, Berlin 119 pp.
2. Aissaoui D.M., Buigues D., and Purser B.H. Model of reef diagenesis: Mururoa Atoll, French Polynesia. In: Schroeder J.J., and Purser B.H. (Eds). Reef Diagenesis (1986), Springer-Verlag, Berlin 27-52
3. Algeo T.J., and Seslavinsky K.B. The Paleozoic world - continental flooding, hypsometry, and sea level. American Journal of Science 295 (1995) 787-822
4. Allan J.R., and Matthews R.K. Isotope signatures associated with early meteoric diagenesis. Sedimentology 29 (1982) 797-817
5. Allen J.R.L. Depth indicators of clastic sequences. Marine Geology 5 (1967) 429-446
6. Allen J.R.L. A model for the interpretation of wave ripple-marks using their wavelength, textural composition, and shape. Journal of the Geological Society - London 136 (1979) 673-682
7. Allen P.A. Some guidelines in reconstructing ancient sea conditions from wave ripplemarks. Marine Geology 43 (1981) M59-M67
8. Allen P.A. Physical oceanography of continental shelves. Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics 21 (1982) 1149-1181
9. Allen P.A. Reconstruction of ancient sea conditions with an example from the Swiss Molasse. Marine Geology 60 (1984) 455-473
10. Allen P.A. Earth Surface Processes (1997), John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ 404 pp.
11. Alsharhan A.S., and Kendall C.G.S. Holocene coastal carbonates and evaporites of the southern Arabian Gulf and their ancient analogues. Earth-Science Reviews 61 (2003) 191-243
12. Allen P.A., and Hoffman P.F. Extreme winds and waves in the aftermath of a Neoproterozoic glaciation. Nature 433 (2005) 123-126 13 January
13. Andersen K.H., and Faraci C. The wave plus current flow over vortex ripples at an arbitrary angle. Coastal Engineering 47 (2003) 431-441
14. Ardhuin F., Drake T.G., and Herbers T.H.C. Observations of wave-generated vortex ripples on the North Carolina shelf. Journal of Geophysical Research 107 (2002) 10.1029/2001JC000986
15. Bagnold R.A. Motion of waves in shallow water. Interactions between waves and sand bottoms. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 187A (1946) 1-15
16. Bahamonde J.R., Kenter J.A.M., Della Porta G., Keim L., Immenhauser A., and Reijmer J.J.G. Lithofacies and depositional processes on a high, steep-margined Carboniferous (Bashkiriah-Moscovian) carbonate platform slope, Sierra del Cuera, NW Spain. Sedimentary Geology 166 (2004) 145-156
17. Bahlburg H., and Weiss R. Sedimentology of the December 26, 2004, Sumatra tsunami deposits in eastern India (Tamil Nadu) and Kenya. International Journal of Earth Sciences 96 (2007) 1195-1209
18. Bates R.L., and Jackson J.A. Dictionary of Geological Terms (third edition) prepared by the American Geological Institute. Anchor Books (1984), Doubleday, New York 571 pp.
19. Bathurst R.G.C. Lithification of carbonate sediments. Science Progress, Oxford 66 (1980) 451-471
20. Beets D.J., van der Valk L., and Stivec M.J.F. Holocene evolution of the coast of Holland. Marine Geology 103 (1992) 423-443
21. Benedict G., and Walker K. Paleobathymetric analysis in Palaeozoic sequences and its geodynamic significance. American Journal of Science 278 (1978) 579-607
22. Betzler C., Reijmer J.J.G., Bernet K., Eberli G.P., and Anselmetti F.S. Sedimentary patterns and geometries of the Bahamian outer carbonate ramp (Miocene-Lower Pliocene, Great Bahama Bank). Sedimentology 46 (1999) 1127-1143
23. Bhattacharya J.P., and MacEachern J.A. Hyperpycnal rivers and prodeltaic shelves in the Cretaceous seaway of North America. Journal of Sedimentary Research 79 (2009) 184-209
24. Bowden K.F. Physical Oceanography of Coastal Waters (1983), Ellis Horwood, Chichester 318 pp.
25. Boggs Jr. S.J. Principles of Sedimentology and Stratigraphy (2001), Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River 726 pp
26. Bosence D.W.J., and Bridges P.H. A review of the origin and evolution of carbonate mud-mounds. Carbonate Mud-Mounds. In: Monty C.L.V., Bosence D.W.J., Bridges P.H., and Pratt B.R. (Eds). IAS Special Publication vol. 23 (1995), Blackwell, Oxford 3-10
27. Brett C., Boucot A., and Jones B. Absolute depths of Silurian benthic assemblages. Lethaia 26 (1993) 25-40
28. 3 precipitation on Great Bahama Bank. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 15 (2001) 589-596
29. Bromley R.G., Fairbridge R.W., and Burgeois J. Hardground diagenesis. The Encyclopaedia of Sedimentology (1978), Dowen, Hutchinson & Ross, Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania 397-400
30. Budillon F., Vicinanza D., Ferrante V., and Iorio M. Sediment transport and deposition during extreme sea storm events at the Salerno Bay (Tyrrhenian Sea): comparison of field data with numerical model results. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 6 (2006) 839-852
31. Burchette T.P., and Wright V.P. Carbonate ramp depositional systems. Sedimentary Geology 79 (1992) 3-57
32. Carson G.A., and Crowley S.F. The glauconite-phosphate association in hardgrounds: examples from the Cenomanian of Devon, southwest England. Cretaceous Research 14 (1991) 69-89
33. Cheel R.J., and Leckie D.A. Hummock cross-stratification. In: Wright V.P. (Ed). Sedimentology Review/1 (1993), Blackwell, Oxford 103-122
34. Chen D., Tucker M.E., Zhu J., and Jiang M. Carbonate sedimentation in a starved pull-apart basin, Middle to Late Devonian, southern Guilin, South China. Basin Research 13 (2001) 141-167
35. Clari P.A., Della Pierre F., and Martire L. Discontinuities in carbonate successions: identification, interpretation and classification of some Italian examples. Sedimentary Geology 100 (1995) 97-121
36. Clifton H.E. Wave-formed sedimentary structures - a conceptual model. In: Davies R.A., and Ethington R.L. (Eds). Beach Nearshore Sedimentation vol. 24 (1976), Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Special Publication, Tulsa, Oklahoma 126-148
37. Clifton H.E. Sedimentological approaches to palaeo-bathymetry, with applications to the Merced Formation of central California. Palaios 3 (1988) 507-522
38. Clifton H.E., and Dingler J.R. Wave-formed structures and paleoenvironmental reconstruction. Marine Geology 60 (1984) 165-198
39. Coleman J.M., Roberts H.H., Murray S.P., and Salama M. Morphology and dynamic sedimentology of the eastern Nile shelf. Sedimentary dynamics of continental shelves. In: Nittrouer C.A. (Ed). Developments in Sedimentology vol. 32 (1981), Elsevier, Amsterdam 301-326
40. Cookman J.L., and Flemings P.B. STORMSED1.0: hydrodynamics and sediment transport in a 2-D, steady-state, wind- and wave-driven coastal circulation model. Computers & Geosciences 27 (2001) 647-674
41. Cooper J.D., and Keller M. Paleokarst in the Ordovician of the southern Great Basin, USA: implications for sea-level history. Sedimentology 48 (2001) 855-873
42. Dan S., Stive M.J.F., Walstra D.-J.R., and Panin N. Wave climate, coastal sediment budget and shoreline changes for the Danube Delta. Marine Geology 262 1-4 (2009) 39-49
43. Darwin G.H. On the formation of the ripple-mark in sand. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series A 36 (1883) 18-43
44. Davies J.L. A morphological approach to world shorelines. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie 8 (1964) 127-142
45. Della Porta G., Kenter J.A.M., and Bahamonde J.R. Microfacies and paleoenvironment of Donezella accumulations across an upper Carboniferous high-rising carbonate platform (Asturias, NW Spain). Facies 46 (2002) 149-168
46. Della Porta G., Kenter J.A.M., Immenhauser A., and Bahamonde J.R. Lithofacies character and architecture across a Pennsylvanian inner-platform transect (Sierra de Cuera, Asturias, Spain). Journal of Sedimentary Research 72 (2002) 898-916
47. Demicco R.V., and Hardie L.A. Sedimentary structures and early diagenetic features of shallow marine carbonate deposits. SEPM Atlas Series vol. 1 (1994), SEPM Tulsa, Oklahoma, 265 pp.
48. Diem B. Analytical method for estimating paleowave climate and water depth from wave ripple. Sedimentology 32 (1984) 705-720
49. Donelan M.A., Dobson F.W., Smith S.D., and Anderson R.J. On the dependence of sea-surface roughness on wave development. Journal of Physical Oceanography 23 (1993) 2143-2149
50. Downing J.P., Sternberg R.W., and Lister C.R.B. New instrumentation for the investigation of sediment suspension processes in the shallow marine environment. In: Nittrouer C.A. (Ed). Sedimentary Dynamics of Continental Shelves (1980), Elsevier, New York 19-34
51. Doyle L.J., and Holmes C.W. Shallow structure, stratigraphy, and carbonate sedimentary processes of west Florida upper continental slope. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 69 (1985) 1133-1144
52. Draper L. Wave activity at the seabed around northwestern Europe. Marine Geology 5 (1967) 133-140
53. Dravis J. Rapid and widespread generation of recent oolitic hardgrounds on a high energy Bahamian platform, Eleuthera Bank, Bahamas. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 49 (1979) 195-208
54. Duke W.L. Geostrophic circulation or shallow marine turbidity currents? The dilemma of paleoflow patterns in storm-induced prograding shoreline systems. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 60 (1990) 870-883
55. Duke W.L., Arnott R.W.C., and Cheel R.J. Shelf sandstones and hummocky cross-stratification: new insights on a stormy debate. Geology 19 (1991) 625-628
56. Dupre W.R. Reconstruction of paleo-wave conditions during the Late Pleistocene from marine terrace deposits, Monterey Bay, California. Marine Geology 60 (1984) 435-454
57. Eckart C. Gravity waves. US National Bureau of Standards. Circular 521 (1952) 165-173
58. Edinger E.N., Copper P., Risk M.J., and Atmojo W. Oceanography and reefs of recent and Paleozoic tropical epeiric seas. Facies 47 (2002) 127-149
59. Egenhoff S.O., Peterhänsel A., Bechstädt T., Zühlke R., and Grötsch J. Facies architecture of an isolated carbonate platform: tracing the cycles of the Latemàr (Middle Triassic, northern Italy). Sedimentology 46 (1999) 893-912
60. Eicher D. Paleobathymetry of Cretaceous Greenhorne Sea in eastern Colorado. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 53 (1969) 1075-1090
61. Einsele G., and Seilacher A. Distinction of tempestites and turbidites. In: Einsele G., Ricken W., and Seilacher A. (Eds). Cycles and Events in Stratigraphy (1991), Springer, Berlin 377-391
62. El Albani A., Meunier A., and Fürsich F. Unusual occurrence of glauconite in a shallow lagoonal environment (Lower Cretaceous, northern Aquitaine Basin, SW France). Terra Nova 17 (2005) 537-544
63. Elliott A.J., and Neill S.P. Simulating storm waves in the Irish Sea. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Maritime Engineering 160 (2007) 57-64
64. Emery K.O. Submarine geology of Bikini Atoll. Geological Society of America Bulletin 59 (1948) 855-860
65. Enos P., and Samankassou E. Lofer cyclothems revisited (late Triassic, northern Alps, Austria). Facies 38 (1998) 207-227
66. Eriksson P.G., Condie K.C., Tirsgaard H., Mueller W.U., Altermann W., Miall A.D., Aspler L.B., Catuneanu O., and Chiarenzelli J.R. Precambrian elastic sedimentation systems. Sedimentary Geology 120 (1998) 5-53
67. Field M.E., Nelson C.H., Cacchione D.A., and Drake D.E. Sand waves on an epicontinental shelf: Northern Bering Sea. Marine Geology 42 (1981) 233-258
68. Flemming B.W. The concept of wave base: fact and fiction. In: Haas H., Ramseyer K., and Schlunegger F. (Eds). Schriftenreihe der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften. Sediment 2005 vol. 38 (2005) 57 Thun
69. Forristal G.Z., and Reece A.M. Measurements of wave attenuation due to a soft bottom: the SWAMP experiment. Journal of Geophysical Research 90 (1985) 3367-3380
70. Fouke B.W., Everts A.-J.W., Zwart E.W., Schlager W., Smalley P.C., and Weissert H. Subaerial exposure unconformities on the Vercours carbonate platform (SE France) and their sequence stratigraphic significance. High Resolution Sequence Stratigraphy: Innovations and Applications. In: Howell J.A., and Aitken J.F. (Eds). Special Publications vol. 104 (1995), Geological Society, London 295-320
71. Freile D., Milliman J.D., and Hillis L. Leeward bank margin Halimeda meadows and draperies and their sedimentary importance on the western Great Bahama Bank slope. Coral Reefs 14 (1995) 27-33
72. Fresoe J., Andersen K.H., and Sumer B.M. Wave plus current over a ripple-covered bed. Coastal Engineering 38 (1999) 177-221
73. Garratt J.R. Review of drag coefficients over oceans and continents. Monthly Weather Review 105 (1977) 915-929
74. Gadov S., and Reineck H.-E. Ablandiger Sandtransport bei Sturmfluten. Senkenbergia Maritima 1 (1969) 63-78
75. Garcia-Hidalgo J.F., Gil J., Segura M., and Dominguez C. Internal anatomy of a mixed siliciclastic-carbonate platform: the Late Cenomanian-Mid Turonian at the southern margin of the Spanish Central System. Sedimentology 54 (2007) 1245-1271
76. George D.A., and Hill P.S. Wave climate, sediment supply and the depth of the sand-mud transition: a global survey. Marine Geology 254 (2008) 121-128
77. Gili E., Masse J.-P., and Skelton P.W. Rudists as gregarious sediment-dwellers, not reef-builders, on Cretaceous carbonate platforms. Paleogeography, Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology 118 (1995) 245-267
78. Ginsburg R.N. Subsurface geology of a prograding carbonate platform margin, Great Bahama Bank: results of the Bahamas Drilling Project. SEPM Special Publication vol. 70 (2001) Tulsa, Oklahoma. 271 pp.
79. Ginsburg R.N., and James N.P. Holocene carbonate sediments of continental shelves. In: Burke C.A., and Drake C.L. (Eds). The Geology of Continental Margins (1974), Springer Verlag, New York 137-157
80. Gischler E., and Lomando A.J. Holocene cemented beach deposits in Belize. Sedimentary Geology 110 (1997) 227-297
81. Gischler E., and Hudson J.H. Holocene development of the Belize Barrier Reef. Sedimentary Geology 164 (2004) 223-236
82. Gischler E., and Lomando A.J. Offshore sedimentary facies of a modern carbonate ramp, Kuwait, northwestern Arabian-Persian Gulf. Facies 50 (2005) 443-462
83. Gischler E. Sedimentation on Rasdhoo and Ari Atolls, Maldives, Indian Ocean. Facies 52 (2006) 341-360
84. Grammer G.M., Ginsburg R.N., and Harris P.M. Timing of deposition, diagenesis, and failure of steep carbonate slopes in response to a high-amplitude/high-frequency fluctuation in sea level, Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas. Carbonate Sequence Stratigraphy, Recent Developments and Applications. In: Louks R.G., and Sarg J.F. (Eds). American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir vol. 57 (1993) 107-131
85. Greenwood B., and Sherman D.J. Longshore-current profiles and lateral mixing across the surf zone of a barred nearshore. Coastal Engineering 10 (1986) 149-168
86. Grobe H. Fazielle Gliederung glazialmariner Sedimente in the Antarktis. Facies 17 (1987) 99-108
87. Hails J., and Carr A. Nearshore Sediment Dynamics and Sedimentation (1975), John Wiley and Sons, New York 316 pp.
88. Hallam A. The depth significance of shales with bituminous laminae. Marine Geology 5 (1967) 473-480
89. Hallam A. Estimates of the amount and rate of sea-level change across the Rhaetian-Hettangian and Pliensbachian-Toracian boundaries (latest Triassic to early Jurassic). Journal of the Geological Society, London 154 (1997) 773-779
90. Hallermeister R.J. A profile zonation for seasonal sand beaches from wave climate. Coastal Engineering 4 (1981) 253-277
91. Halley R.B., and Evans C.C. The Miami Limestone. A Guide to Selected Outcrops and Their Interpretation (1983), Miami Geological Society, Miami, Florida 86 pp.
92. Halley R.B., Shinn E.A., and Hudson J.H. Pleistocene barrier bar seaward of ooid shoal complex near Miami, Florida. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 61 (1977) 519-526
93. Hansom J.D., and Hall A.M. Magnitude and frequency of extra-tropical North Atlantic cyclones: a chronology from cliff-top storm deposits. Quaternary International 195 (2009) 42-52
94. Harms J.C., Southard J.B., Spearing D.R., and Walker R.G. Depositional environments as interpreted from primary sedimentary structures and stratification sequences. SEPM Short Course 2; Tulsa, Oklahoma (1975) 161 pp.
95. Harms J.C., Southard J.B., Spearing D.R., and Walker R.G. Structures and sequences in clastic rocks. SEPM Short Course 9; Tulsa, Oklahoma (1982) 249 pp.
96. Heckel P.H. Recognition of ancient shallow marine environments. Recognition of Ancient Sedimentary Environments. In: Rigby J.K., and Hamblin W.K. (Eds). SEPM Special Publication vol. 16 (1972) 226-286 Tulsa, Oklahoma
97. Hequette A., and Hill P.R. Storm-generated currents and offshore sediment transport on a sandy shoreface, Tibjak Beach, Canadian Beaufort Sea. Marine Geology 113 (1993) 283-304
98. Hillgärtner H. Discontinuity surfaces on a shallow - marine carbonate platform (Berriasian, Valanginian, France and Switzerland). Journal of Sedimentary Research 68 (1998) 1093-1108
99. Hillgärtner H., van Buchem F.S.P., Gaumet F., Razin P., Pittet B., Grötsch J., and Droste H. The Barremian/Aptian evolution of the eastern Arabian carbonate platform margin (northern Oman): sedimentology, sequence stratigraphy, and environmental change. Journal of Sedimentary Research 73 (2003) 756-773
100. Hine A.C., and Mullins H.T. Modern carbonate shelf-slope breaks. The Shelfbreak: Critical Interface on Continental Margins. In: Stanely D.J., and Moore G.T. (Eds). SEPM Special Publication vol. 33 (1983) 169-188 Tulsa, Oklahoma
101. Hjulstrom F. Studies of the morphological activities of rivers as illustrated by the river Fyris. Bulletin of the Geological Institute of Uppsala 25 (1935) 221-527
102. Hjulstrom F. Transportation of detritus by moving water. In: Trask P.D. (Ed). Recent Marine Sediments (1939), American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Dover 5-31
103. Holthuijsen L.H. Waves in Oceanic and Coastal Waters (2007), Cambridge University Press, New York 387 pp
104. Houser C., and Greenwood B. Hydrodynamics and sediment transport within the inner surf zone of a lacustrine multiple-barred nearshore. Marine Geology 218 (2005) 37-63
105. Howard J.D., and Reineck H.-E. Depositional facies of high-energy beach-to-offshore sequence, comparison with low-energy sequence. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 65 (1981) 807-830
106. Immenhauser A., and Scott R.W. An estimate of Albian sea-level amplitudes and its implications for the duration of stratigraphic hiatuses. Sedimentary Geology 152 (2002) 19-28
107. Immenhauser A., and Matthews R.K. Albian sea-level cycles in Oman: The 'Rosetta Stone' Approach. GeoArabia 9 (2004) 11-46
108. Immenhauser A., Creusen A., Esteban M., and Vonhof H.B. Recognition and interpretation of polygenic discontinuity surfaces in the Middle Cretaceous Shuaiba, Nahr Umr, and Natih Formations of northern Oman. GeoArabia 5 (2000) 299-322
109. Immenhauser A., Schlager W., Burns S.J., Scott R.W., Geel T., Lehmann J., van der Gaast S., and Bolder-Schrijver L.J.A. Origin and correlation of disconformity surfaces and marker beds, Nahr Umr Formation, Northern Oman. Middle East Models of Jurassic/Cretaceous Carbonate Systems. In: Alsharhan A.S., and Scott R.W. (Eds). SEPM Special Publication 69 (2000) 209-225
110. Immenhauser A., van der Kooij B., van Vliet A., Schlager W., and Scott R.W. An ocean facing Aptian-Albian carbonate margin, Oman. Sedimentology 48 (2001) 1187-1207
111. Immenhauser A., Hillgärtner H., Sattler U., Bertotti B., Schoepfer P., Homewood P., Vahrenkamp V., Steuber T., Masse J.-P., Droste H.H.J., van Koppen J., van der Kooij B., van Bentum E.C., Verwer K., Hoogerduijn-Strating E., Swinkels W., Peters P., Immenhauser-Potthast I., and Al Maskery S.A.J. Barremian-lower Aptian Qishn Formation, Haushi-Huqf area, Oman: a new outcrop analogue for the Kharaib/Shu'aiba reservoirs. GeoArabia 9 (2004) 153-194
112. Immenhauser A., Holmden C., and Patterson W.P. Interpreting the carbon-isotope record of ancient shallow epeiric seas: lessons from the recent. In: Pratt B.R., and Holmden C. (Eds). Dynamics of Epeiric Seas. Special Publication vol. 48 (2008), Geological Association of Canada 135-174
113. Ito M., Ishigaki A., Nishikawa T., and Saito T. Temporal variation in the wavelength of hummocky cross-stratification: implications for storm intensity through Mesozoic and Cenozoic. Geology 29 (2001) 87-89
114. Jago C.F., and Barusseau J.P. Sediment entrainment on a wave-graded shelf, Roussilon, France. Marine Geology 42 (1980) 279-299
115. James N.P. The cool-water carbonate depositional realm. Cool-Water Carbonates. In: James N.P., and Clarke J.A.D. (Eds). SEPM Special Publication vol. 56 (1997) 1-20 Tulsa, Oklahoma
116. James N.P., and Ginsburg R.N. The seaward margin of Belize barrier and atoll reefs. IAS Special Publication vol. 3 (1979), IAS (International Association of Sedimentologists) Oxford. 191 pp.
117. James N.P., Collins L.B., Bone Y., and Hallock P. Subtropical carbonates in a temperate realm: modern sediments on the southwest Australian shelf. Journal of Sedimentary Research 69 (1999) 1297-1321
118. Jerolmack D.J., and Mohrig D. Brief communications arising: formation of Precambrian sediment ripples. Nature 436 (2005) (July 2005)
119. Jones J.E., and Davies A.M. Processes influencing storm-induced currents in the Irish Sea. Journal of Physical Oceanography 33 (2003) 88-104
120. 18O and Marion Plateau backstripping: combining two approaches to constrain late middle Miocene eustatic amplitude. Geology 32 (2004) 829-832
121. Keen T.R., and Slingerland R.L. Four storm-event beds and the tropical cyclones that produced them: a numerical hindcast. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 63 (1993) 218-232
122. Kennedy W.J., and Garrison R.E. Morphology and genesis of nodular chalks and hardgrounds in the Upper Cretaceous of southern England. Sedimentology 22 (1975) 311-386
123. Klein G. Bay of Fundy intertidal zone sediments. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 33 (1963) 101-113
124. Knight R.J. Processes of soft-sediment clast formation in the intertidal zone. Sedimentary Geology 181 (2005) 207-214
125. Knight R.J., and McLean J.R. Shelf sands and sandstones. Memoires of the Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists vol. 2 (1986) 347 pp.
126. Komar P.D. Oscillatory ripple marks and the evaluation of ancient wave conditions and environments. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 44 (1974) 169-180
127. Komar P.D. Beach Processes and Sedimentation (1976), Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 429 pp.
128. Komar P.D., and Miller M.C. The threshold of sedimentary movement under oscillatory water waves. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 43 (1975) 1101-1110
129. Komar P.D., Neudeck R.H., and Kulm L.D. Observations and significance of deep-water oscillatory ripple-marks on the Oregon Continental Shelf. In: Swift D.J.P., Duane D.B., and Pilkey O.H. (Eds). Shelf Sediment Transport Process and Pattern (1972), Dowen, Hutchinson & Ross, Stroudsbourg 601-619
130. Korniker L.A., and Boyd D.W. Shallow water geology and environment of Alacran reef complex, Campeche Bank, Mexico. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 46 (1962) 640-673
131. Kraft Jr. L.M., Helfrich S.C., Suhayda J.N., and Marin J.E. Soil response to ocean waves. Marine Geotechnology 6 (1985) 173-203
132. Kraft Jr. L.M., Suhayda J.N., Helfrich S.C., and Marin J.E. Ocean wave attenuation due to soft seafloor sediments. Marine Geotechnology 9 (1990) 227-242
133. Krastel S., Schmincke H.U., Jacobs C.L., Rihm R., Le Bas T.P., and Alibes B. Submarine landslides around the Canary Islands. Journal of Geophysical Research 106B3 (2001) 3977-3997
134. Ladd H.S., Tracey Jr. J.I., and Lill G.G. Drilling on Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands. Science 48 (1948) 51-55
135. Lagoe M.B. An evaluation of Paleogene paleobathymetric models; benthic foraminiferal distributions in the Metrella Member of the Tejon Formation, Central California. Palaios 3 (1988) 523-536
136. Leclair S.F., and Bridge J.S. Quantitative interpretation of sedimentary structures formed by river dunes. Journal of Sedimentary Research 71 (2001) 713-716
137. Lee H.J., and Chu Y.S. Origin of inner-shelf mud deposit in the southeastern Yellow Sea: Huksan mud belt. Journal of Sedimentary Research 71 (2001) 144-154
138. Li Y., Lark M., and Reeve D. Multi-scale variability of beach profiles at Duck: a wavelet analysis. Coastal Engineering 52 (2005) 1133-1153
139. Locker S.D., and Buffler R.T. Comparison of carbonate shelf margins, northern Campeche escarpment and northern Florida escarpment, Gulf of Mexico. Seismic Expression of Structural Styles. In: Bally A.W. (Ed). American Association of Petroleum Geologists Studies in Geology, Series 15, Tulsa, Oklahoma (1983) 2.2.2/123-2.2.3/128
140. Mai S., Paesler C., and Zimmernmann C. Wellen und Seegang an Küsten und Küstenbauwerken mit Seegangatlas der Deutschen Nordseeküste (2004), Franzius-Institut für Wasserbau und Küsteningenieurwesen, Hannover 124 pp
141. Makaske B., and Augustinus P.G.E.F. Morphologic changes of a micro-tidal, low wave energy beach face during a spring-neap tide cycle. Rhone-Delta, France. Journal of Coastal Research 14 (1998) 632-645
142. Marjanac T., and Marjanac L. Sequence stratigraphy of Eocene incised valley clastics and associated sediments, Island of Rab, northern Adriatic Sea, Croatia. Facies 53 (2007) 493-508
143. Massel S.R. Hydrodynamics of coastal zones. Elsevier Oceanographic Series vol. 48 (1989), Elsevier, Amsterdam 336 pp.
144. McConovan J. On the highest waves of permanent type. Philosophical Magazine 5 (1984) 351-357
145. Miller K.G., and Komar P.D. A field investigation of the relationship between oscillating ripple spacing and near-bottom orbital motions. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 50 (1980) 173-182
146. Miller M.C., and Komar P.D. Oscillation sand ripples generated by laboratory apparatus. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 50 (1980) 173-182
147. Moore P.S. Ripple-mark analysis of a fine-gained epeiric sea deposit (Cambrian, South Australia). Journal of the Geological Society of Australia 27 (1982) 71-81
148. Mullins H.T., Gardulski A.F., Hine A.C., Melillo A.J., Wise S.W., and Applegate J. Three-dimensional sedimentary framework of the carbonate ramp slope of central west Florida: a sequential seismic stratigraphic perspective. Geological Society of America Bulletin 100 (1988) 514-533
149. Murray S.P. Trajectories and speeds of wind-driven currents near the coast. Journal of Physical Oceanography 5 (1975) 347-360
150. Mutti M., Bernoulli D., Eberli G., and Vecsei A. Depositional geometries and facies associations in an Upper Cretaceous prograding carbonate platform margin (Orfento supersequence, Maiella, Italy). Journal of Sedimentary Research 66 (1996) 749-765
151. Myrow P.M., and Southard J.B. Tempestite deposition. Journal of Sedimentary Research 1996 (1996) 875-887
152. Nelson C.H. Modern shallow-water graded sand layers from storm surges, Bering Shelf - a mimic of Bouma Sequences and turbidite systems. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 52 (1982) 537-545
153. Nemec W., Lonne I., and Blikra L.H. The Kregnes moraine in Gauldalen, west-central Norway: anatomy of a Younger Dryas proglacial delta in a palaeofjord basin. Boreas 28 (1999) 454-476
154. Newell N.D., Rigby J.K., Fischer A.G., Whiteman A.J., Hickox J.E., and Bradley J.S. The Permian Reef Complex of the Guadalupe Mountains Region, Texas and New Mexico (1953), W.H. Freeman and Co, San Francisco, California 236 pp.
155. Nittrouer C.A. Sedimentary dynamics of continental shelves. Developments in Sedimentology vol. 32 (1981), Elsevier, New York 449 pp.
156. Nittrouer C.A., and Wright L.D. Transport of particles across continental shelves. Reviews of Geophysics 32 (1994) 85-113
157. Noffke N., Gerdes G., and Klenkec T. Benthic cyanobacteria and their influence on the sedimentary dynamics of peritidal depositional systems (siliciclastic, evaporitic salty, and evaporitic carbonatic). Earth-Science Reviews 62 (2003) 163-176
158. Noormets R., Crook K.A.W., and Felton E.A. Sedimentology of rocky shorelines: 3: hydrodynamics of megaclast emplacement and transport on a shore platform, Oahu, Hawaii. Sedimentary Geology 172 (2004) 41-65
159. Nowell A.R.M., Jumars P.A., and Eckman J.E. Effects of biological activity on the entrainment of marine sediments. Sedimentary Dynamics of Continental Shelves. In: Nittrouer C.A. (Ed). Developments in Sedimentology vol. 32 (1981), Elsevier, New York 133-153
160. Nummedal D. Shallow marine storm sedimentation - the oceanographic perspective. In: Einsele G., Ricken W., and Seilacher A. (Eds). Cycles and Events in Stratigraphy (1991), Springer-Verlag, Berlin 227-248
161. Opdyke B.N., and Wilkinson B.H. Carbonate mineral saturation state and cratonic limestone accumulation. American Journal of Science 293 (1993) 217-234
162. Pomar L., and Hallock P. Carbonate factories: a conundrum in sedimentary geology. Earth Science Reviews 87 (2008) 134-169
163. Pond S., and Pickard G.L. Introductory Dynamical Oceanography. 2nd ed. (1983), Pergamon Press, Oxford 243 pp.
164. Porrenga D.H. Glauconite and chamosite as depth indicators in the marine environment. Marine Geology 5 (1967) 495-501
165. Posamentier H.W. Lowstand alluvial bypass systems: incised vs. unincised. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 85 (2001) 1771-1793
166. Pratt B.R. Syneresis cracks: subaqueous shrinkage in argillaceous sediments caused by earthquake-induced dewatering. Sedimentary Geology (1998) 1-10
167. Principi G., Bortolotti V., Chiari M., Cortesogno L., Gaggero L., Marucci M., Saccani E., and Treves B. The pre-orogenic volcano-sedimentary covers of the Western Tehtys oceanic basin: a review. Ofioliti 29 (2004) 177-211
168. Purser B.H. Syn-sedimentary marine lithification of Middle Jurassic limestones in the Paris Basin. Sedimentology 12 (1969) 205-230
169. Purser B.H., and Sibold E. The principal environmental factors influencing Holocene sedimentation and diagenesis in the Persian Gulf. In: Purser B.H. (Ed). The Persian Gulf (1973), Springer, New York 1-9
170. Quinn T.M., and Matthews R.K. Post-Miocene diagenetic and eustatic history of Enewetak Atoll: model and data comparison. Geology 18 (1990) 942-945
171. Rankey E.C. Spatial patterns of sediment accumulation on a Holocene carbonate tidal flat, northwest Andros Island, Bahamas. Journal of Sedimentary Research 72 (2002) 591-601
172. Reading H.G. Sedimentary Environments and Facies (1986), Blackwells, Oxford 615 pp.
173. Reddering J.S.V. Subtidal occurrences of ladder-back ripples: their significance in palaeo-environmental reconstruction. Sedimentology 34 (1987) 253-257
174. Reichmüth B., and Anthony E.J. Tidal influence on the intertidal bar morphology of two contrasting macrotidal beaches. Geomorphology 90 (2007) 101-114
175. Reid J.S. Observational evidence of the interaction of ocean wind-sea with swell. Marine and Freshwater Research 46 (1995) 419-425
176. Reineck H.-E. Sedimentgefüge im Bereich der südlichen Nordsee. Abhandlungen Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft vol. 505 (1963) 138 pp
177. Reineck H.-E., and Singh I.B. Depositional Sedimentary Environments (1986), Springer, Berlin 551 pp.
178. Reinson G.E. Barrier Islands and associated strand-plain systems. In: Walker R.G. (Ed). Facies Models (1984), Geosciences Canada, Toronto, Ontario 119-140
179. Reitner J., Wilmsen M., and Neuweiler F. Cenomanian/Turonian sponge microbialite deep-water harground community (Liencres, Northern Spain). Facies 32 (1995) 203-212
180. Roberts J.M., Brown C., Long D., and Bates C.R. Acoustic mapping using a multibeam echosounder reveals cold-water coral reefs and surrounding habitats. Coral Reefs 24 (2005) 654-669
181. Roep B., Dronkert H., and Pagnier H. A prograding coastal sequence of wave-built structures of Messinian age, Sorbas, Almeria, Spain. Sedimentary Geology 22 (1979) 135-163
182. Ross D.J., and Skelton P.W. Rudist formation of the Cretaceous: a palaeoecological, sedimentological and stratigraphical review. In: Wright V.P. (Ed). Sedimentology Review/1 (1993), Blackwell 73-91
183. Rubin D.M., and McCulloch D.S. Single and superimposed bedforms: a synthesis of San Francisco Bay and flume observations. Sedimentary Geology 26 (1980) 207-231
184. Ruffel A., and Watch G. Firmgrounds - key surfaces in the recognition of parasequences in the Aptian Lower Greensand Group, Isle of Wright (southern England). Sedimentology 45 (1998) 91-107
185. Rust B.R., and Gibling D.A. Three-dimensional antidunes as HCS mimics in a fluvial sandstone: the Pennsylvanian South Bar Formation near Sydney, Nova Scotia. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 60 (1990) 540-548
186. Ryan D.A., Bostock H.C., Brooke B.P., and Marshall J.F. Bathymetric expression of the Fitzroy River palaeochannel, northeast Australia: response of a major river to sea-level change on a semi-rimmed, mixed siliciclastic-carbonate shelf. Sedimentary Geology 201 (2007) 196-211
187. Sahagian D., Pinous O., Olferiev A., and Zakharov V. Eustatic curve for the Middle Jurassic-Cretaceous based on Russian platform and Siberian stratigraphy: zonal resolution. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 80 (1996) 1433-1458
188. Sami T., and Desrochers A. Episodic sedimentation on an early Silurian, storm-dominated carbonate ramp, Becsie and Merrimack formations, Anticosti Island, Canada. Sedimentology 39 (1992) 355-381
189. Sandwell D.T., Smith W.H.F., Gille S., Kappel E., Jayne S., Soofi K., Coakley B., and Geli L. Bathymetry from space: rationale and requirements for a new, high-resolution altimetric mission. Comptes Rendues Geoscience 338 (2006) 1049-1062
190. Santero V.C., Amore E., Cavallaro L., and De Lauro M. Evolution of sand waves in the Messina Strait, Italy. Ocean Dynamics 54 (2004) 392-398
191. Schlager W. Carbonate sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy. SEPM Concepts in Sedimentology and Paleontology vol. 8 (2005), SEPM Tulsa Oklahoma. 200 pp.
192. Schlager W., Reijmer J.J.G., and Droxler A. Highstand shedding of carbonate platforms. Journal of Sedimentary Research 64 (1994) 270-281
193. Seguret M., Moussine-Pouchkine A., Raja Gabaglia G., and Bouchette F. Storm deposits and storm-generated coarse carboante breccias on a pelagic outer shelf (South-East Basin, France). Sedimentology 48 (2001) 231-254
194. Seilacher A. Events and their signatures - an overview. In: Einsele G., Ricken W., and Seilacher A. (Eds). Cycles and Events in Stratigraphy (1991), Springer-Verlag, Berlin 222-226
195. Seilacher A., and Aigner T. Storm deposition at the bed, facies, and basin scale: the geologic perspective. In: Einsele G., Ricken W., and Seilacher A. (Eds). Cycles and Events in Stratigraphy (1991), Springer-Verlag, Berlin 249-267
196. Seposki Jr. J.J., Bambach R.K., and Droser M.L. Secular changes in Phanerozoic event bedding and the biological overprint. In: Einsele G., Ricken W., and Seilacher A. (Eds). Cycles and Events in Stratigraphy (1991), Springer-Verlag, Berlin 298-312
197. Shao X.S., Yan Q.S., Xu S.Y., and Chen Z.Y. Storm deposits in the coastal region of Shanghai, the Yangtze Delta, China. Geologie en Mijnbouw 70 (1991) 45-58
198. Shelton J.W. Trend and genesis of lowermost sandstone unit of Eagle Sandstone at Billings, Montana. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 49 (1965) 1385-1397
199. Shinn E.A. Submarine lithification of Holocene carbonate sediments in the Persian Gulf. Sedimentology 12 (1969) 109-144
200. Shinn E.A., Reich C.D., Hickey T.D., and Lidz B.H. Staghorn tempestites in the Florida Keys. Coral Reefs 22 (2003) 91-97
201. Shipp R.C. Bedforms and depositional sedimentary structures of a barred nearshore sytem, eastern Long Island, New York. Marine Geology 60 (1984) 235-259
202. Silvester R., and Mogridge G.R. Reach of waves to the bed of continental shelf. Proceedings 12th Conference on Coastal Engineering (1971) 651-667
203. Sonu C.J., and van Beek J.L. Systematic beach changes in the Outer Banks, North Carolina. Journal of Geology 74 (1971) 416-425
204. Soreghan G.S., and Giles K.A. Facies character and stratal responses to accommodation in Pennsylvanian bioherms, western Orogande Basin, New Mexico. Journal of Sedimentary Research 69 (1999) 893-908
205. Southard J.B., and Boguchwal L.A. Bed configuration in steady unidirectional water flows. Part 2. Synthesis of flume data. Journal of Sedimentary Research 60 (1990) 649-657
206. Stanley D.J., Addy S.K., and Behrens E.W. The mudline: variability of its position relative to shelfbreak. In: Stanley D.J., and Moore G.T. (Eds). The Shelfbreak: Critical Interface on Continental Margins (1983), SEPM, Tulsa, Oklahoma 279-289
207. Steinhauff D.M., and Walker K.R. Recognizing exposure, drowning, and "missing beats": platform-interior to platform-margin sequence stratigraphy of Middle Ordovician limestones, East Tennessee. Journal of Sedimentary Research 65 (1995) 183-207
208. Sunamura T. Geomorphology of Rocky Coasts (1992), John Wiley and Sons 302 pp.
209. Sundborg A. The River Klaralven: A study of fluvial processes. Geografische Annalen 38 (1956) 127-316
210. Sundquist B. Palaeobathymetric interpretation of wave ripple-marks in a Ludlovian grainstone of Gotland. Geologiska Foereningen i Stockholm Foerhandlingar 104 (1982) 157-166
211. Swann D.H., Lineback D.H., and Frund E. The Borden Siltstone (Mississippian) delta in southwestern Illinois. Circulars of the Illinois State Geological Survey. Department of Registration and Education; Illinois vol. 80 (1965) 115 pp
212. Swift D.J.P., Figueiredo A.G., Freeland G.L., and Oertel G.F. Hummocky cross-stratification and megaripples: a geological double standard. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 53 (1983) 1295-1317
213. Swift D.J.P., Han G., and Vincent C.E. Fluid processes and sea floor response on a modern storm-dominated shelf: the Middle Atlantic shelf of North America. Part 1: the storm-current regime. In: Knight R.J., and McLean J.R. (Eds). Shelf Sands and Sandstones. Memoir 11 (1986), Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists 99-119
214. Tanner W.F. An occurrence of flat-topped ripple marks. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 28 (1958) 95-96
215. Tanner W.F. Ripple mark indices and their uses. Sedimentology 9 (1966) 89-104
216. Tanner W.F. Numerical estimates of ancient waves, water depth and fetch. Sedimentology 16 (1970) 71-88
217. ten Veen J.H., and Kleinspehn K.L. Quantifying the timing and sense of fault dip slip: new application of biostratigraphy and geohistory analysis. Geology 28 (2000) 471-474
218. Terwindt J.H.J., Hulsbergen C.H., and Kohsiek L.H.M. Structures in deposits from beach recovery, after erosion by swell waves around the southwestern coast of Aruba (Netherlands Antilles). Marine Geology 60 (1984) 283-311
219. Thornton E.B., MacMahan J., and Sallenger A.H. Rip currents, mega-cusps, and eroding dunes. Marine Geology 240 (2007) 151-167
220. Trefethen J.M., and Dow R.L. Some features of modern beach sediments. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 30 (1960) 584-602
221. Trenhaile A.S. The Geomorphology of Rock Coasts (1987), Clarendon Press, Oxford 384 pp.
222. Tucker M.E., and Wright V.P. Carbonate Sedimentology (1990), Blackwell Science, Oxford 482 pp.
223. van der Kooij B., Immenhauser A.M., Steuber T., Samankassou E., Bahamonde J.R., and Merino Tomé O. Marine red staining of a Pennsylvanian carbonate slope: environmental and oceanographic significance. Journal of Sedimentary Research 77 (2007) 1026-1045
224. van der Veen H.H., Hulscher S.J.M.H., and Knaapen M.A.F.K. Grain size dependency in the occurrence of sand waves. Ocean Dynamics 56 (2006) 228-234
225. Vecsei A. A new estimate of global reefal carbonate production including the fore-reefs. Global and Planetary Change 43 (2004) 1-18
226. Verzhbitskii E.V., and Kononov M.V. Origin of the lithosphere of the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea. Oceanology 45 (2005) 721-730
227. Vincent C.E., Swift D.J.P., and Hillard B. Sediment transport in the New York Bight, North American Atlantic Shelf. In: Nittrouer C.A. (Ed). Sedimentary dynamics of continental shelves. Developments in Sedimentology vol. 32 (1981), Elsevier, New York 369-398
228. Walker L.J., Wilkinson B.H., W., and Ivany L.C. Continental drift and Phanerozoic carbonate accumulation in shallow-shelf and deep-marine settings. Journal of Geology 110 (2002) 75-87
229. Walker R.G. Shelf and shallow marine sands. In: Walker R.G. (Ed). Facies Models (1984), Geosciences Canada, Toronto, Ontario 141-170
230. Walker R.G., and Plint R.G. Wave and storm-dominated shallow marine systems. In: Walker R.G., and James N.P. (Eds). Facies Models: Response to Sea-level Change (1992), Geological Association of Canada 219-238
231. Wang Z.H., Saito Y., Hori K., Kitamura A., and Chen Z.Y. Yangtse offshore, China: Highly laminated sediments from the transition zone between subaqueous delta and the continental shelf. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 62 (2005) 161-168
232. Wanstrath, J.J., 1977. Nearshore numerical storm surge and tidal simulation: Final report (Technical report - U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station), Dept. of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station, Hydraulics Laboratory. 138 pp.
233. Wehrmann A., Hertweck G., Brocke R., Jansen U., Konigshof P., Plodowski G., Schindler E., Wilde V., Blieck A., and Schultka S. Paleoenvironment of an Early Devonian land-sea transition: a case study from the southern margin of the Old Red Continent (Mosel Valley, Germany). PALAIOS 20 (2005) 101-120
234. Wellner R.W., and Bartek L.R. The effect of sea level, climate, and shelf physiography on the development of incised-valley complexes: a modern example from the East China Sea. Journal of Sedimentary Research 73 (2003) 926-940
235. White T.S., Witzke B.J., and Ludvigson G.A. Evidence for an Albian Hudson Arm connection between the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway of North America and the Labrador Sea. Geological Society of America Bulletin 112 (2000) 1342-1355
236. Wiberg P.L., Drake D.E., and Cacchione D.A. Sediment resuspension and bed armouring during high bottom stress on the northern California inner continental-shelf - measurements and predictions. Continental Shelf Research 14 (1994) 1191-1219
237. Wilson J.L. Carbonate Facies in Geologic History (1975), Springer, Berlin 471 pp.
238. Wood R. The ecological evolution of reefs. Annual Review of Ecological Systems 29 (1998) 179-206
239. Wood R. Reef Evolution (1999), Oxford University Press, New York 414 pp.
240. Wright V.P. The recognition and interpretation of paleokarsts: two examples from the Lower Carboniferous of south Wales. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 52 (1982) 83-94
241. Wright L.D., Boon J.D., Green M.O., and List J.H. Response of the mid shoreface of the southern Mid-Atlantic bight to a Northeaster. Geo-Marine Letters 6 (1986) 153-160
242. Xu F.M., Perrie W., Toulany B., and Smith P.C. Wind-generated waves in Hurricane Juan. Ocean Modelling 16 (2007) 188-205
243. Yang W. Estimation of duration of subaerial exposure in shallow-marine limestones - an isotopic approach. Journal of Sedimentary Research 71 (2001) 778-789
244. Yang B., Dalrymple R.W., and Chun S. The significance of hummocky cross-stratification (HCS) wavelengths: evidence from an open-coast tidal flat, South Korea. Journal of Sedimentary Research 76 (2006) 2-8
245. Zakharov V. Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous Bivalves of Northern Siberia and Their Paleoecology. Order Anisomyaria (1966), Nauka, Moscow 189 pp.