A brackish water aquatic foodweb: trophic levels and salinity gradients in the Schlei fjord, Northern Germany, in Viking and medieval times

Journal of Archaeological Science

Volumn 36, Issue 10, 2009, Pages 2125-2144

  Grupe, Gisela ^a,b   Heinrich, Dirk ^c,d   Peters, Joris ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

^b BAVARIAN NATURAL HISTORY COLLECTIONS   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY OF KIEL   (Germany)

^d Archaeozoological Research Unit   (Germany)

Author keywords

Brackish water food chain; Carbonate; Collagen; Ecological niches; Salinity gradients; Stable isotopes

Indexed keywords

BONE; BRACKISH WATER; CARBONATE; COLLAGEN; FJORD; FOOD CHAIN; ISOTOPIC RATIO; MEDIEVAL; METAMORPHOSIS; NICHE; PALEOECOLOGY; SALINITY; STABLE ISOTOPE; TROPHIC LEVEL; VERTEBRATE;

ATLANTIC OCEAN; BALTIC SEA; CENTRAL EUROPE; EURASIA; EUROPE; GERMANY;

ANIMALIA; AVES; MAMMALIA; VERTEBRATA;

EID: 68349120362     PISSN: 03054403     EISSN: 10959238     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2009.05.011     Document Type: Article

References (95)

1. Aitken M.J. Science-Based Dating in Archaeology (1990), Longman, London, New York
2. Ambrose S.H. Preparation and characterization of bone and tooth collagen for isotopic analysis. J. Archaeol. Sci. 17 (1990) 431-351
3. Ambrose S.H. Isotopic analysis of palaeodiets: Methodological and interpretive considerations. In: Sandford M.K. (Ed). Investigation of Ancient Human Tissue, Chemical Analyses in Anthropology (1993), Gordon and Breach, Langhorne, PA 59-127
4. Ambrose S.H., and Norr L. Experimental evidence for the relationship of the carbon isotope ratios of whole diet and dietary protein to those of bone collagen and carbonate. In: Lambert J.B., and Grupe G. (Eds). Prehistoric Human Bone-Archaeology at the Molecular Level (1993), Springer, Berlin 1-37
5. Ambrose S.H., Butler B.M., Hanson D.B., Hunter-Anderson R.L., and Krueger H.W. Stable isotope analysis of human diet in the Marianas archipelago, Western Pacific. Am. J. Phys. Anthrop 104 (1997) 343-361
6. Ayliffe L.K., and Chivas A.R. Oxygen isotope composition of the bone phosphate of Australian kangaroos: potential as a palaeoenvironmental recorder. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 54 (1990) 2603-2609
7. Balzer A., Gleixner G., Grupe G., Schmidt H.-L., Schramm S., and Turban-Just S. In vitro decomposition of bone collagen by soil bacteria: the implications for stable isotope analysis in archaeometry. Archaeometry 39 (1997) 415-429
8. Barrett J.H., and Richards M.P. Identity, gender, religion and economy: New isotope and radiocarbon evidence for marine resource intensification in early historic Orkney, Scotland, UK. Eur. J. Archaeol 7 (2004) 249-271
9. Barrick R.E., Fischer A.G., and Showers W.J. Oxygen isotopes from turtle bone: Applications for terrestrial climates?. Palaios 14 (1999) 186-191
10. Bearhop S., Thompson D.R., Waldron S., Russell I.C., Alexander G., and Furness R.W. Stable isotopes indicate the extent of freshwater feeding by cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo shot at inland fisheries in England. J. Appl. Ecol 36 (1999) 75-84
11. Biasatti D.M. Stable carbon isotopic profiles of sea turtle humeri: implications for ecology and physiology. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimat. Palaeoecol 206 (2004) 203-216
12. Born E.W. Odobenus rosmarus Linnaeus, 1758-Walroß. In: Duguy R., and Robineau D. (Eds) (1992), Handbuch der Säugetiere Europas, Band 6/II, Aula, Wiesbaden 269-299
13. Bösl C., Grupe G., and Peters J. A Late Neolithic vertebrate food web based on stable isotope analyses. Int. J. Osteoarchaeol 16 (2006) 296-315
14. Brown S.G. Lagenorhynchus albirostris (Gray, 1846)-Weißschnauzendelphin. In: Robineau D., Duguy R., and Klima M. (Eds) (1994), Handbuch der Säugetiere Europas, Band 6/1A, Aula. Wiesbaden 349-361
15. Bryant J.D., Koch P.L., Froelich P.N., Showers W.J., and Genna B.J. Oxygen isotope partitioning between phosphate and carbonate in mammalian apatite. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 60 (1996) 5154-5148
16. Cabana G., and Rasmussen J. Comparison of aquatic food chains using nitrogen isotopes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93 (1996) 10844-10847
17. von Carnap-Bornheim C., and Hilberg V. Haithabu-ein frühstädtisches Zentrum in neuem Licht. Archäol. Nachrichtenbl 10 (2005) 465-472
18. von Carnap-Bornheim C., and Hilberg V. Recent archaeological research in Haithabu. In: Henning J. (Ed). Post-Roman Towns, Trade and Settlement in Europe and Byzantium Vol. 1 (2007), The Heirs of the Roman West, de Gruyter, Berlin
19. Coltrain J.B., Hayes M.G., and O'Rourke D.H. Sealing, whaling and caribou: the skeletal isotope chemistry of Eastern Arctic foragers. J. Archaeol. Sci. 31 (2004) 39-57
20. Coltrain J.B., Harris J.M., Cerling T.E., Ehleringer J.R., Dearing M.-D., Ward J., and Allen J. Rancho La Brea stable isotope biochemistry and its implications for the palaeoecology of late Pleistocene, coastal southern California. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimat. Palaeoecol 205 (2004) 199-219
21. DeNiro M.J. Postmortem preservation and alteration of in vivo bone collagen isotope ratios in relation to palaeodietary reconstruction. Nature 317 (1985) 806-809
22. DeNiro M.J., and Epstein S. Influence of diet on the distribution of carbon isotopes in animals. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 42 (1978) 495-506
23. DeNiro M.J., and Weiner S. Chemical, enzymatic and spectroscopic characterization of collagen and other organic fractions from prehistoric bones. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 52 (1988) 2197-2206
24. Doppler, S., Vohberger, M., Grupe, G., Heinrich, D., Peters, J., von Carnap-Bornheim, C., in press. Siedlungskontinuität, Wirtschaftswandel und paläoökologie: Vorläufige Ergebnisse eines Vergleichs zwischen dem wikingerzeitlichen Haithabu und dem mittelalterlichen Schleswig. Beiträge zur Archäozoologie und Prähistorischen Anthropologie VIII. Weißbach, Beier & Beran.
25. Dufour E., Bocherens H., and Mariotti A. Palaeodietary implications of isotopic variability in Eurasian lacustrine fish. J. Archaeol. Sci. 26 (1999) 617-627
26. Eastoe J.H. The amino acid composition of fish collagen and gelatin. Biochem. J. 65 (1957) 363-368
27. Elsner H. Wikinger-Museum Haithabu: Schaufenster einer frühen Stadt (1989), Karl Wachholtz, Neumünster
28. Eriksson G. Part-time farmers or hard-core sealers? Västerbjers studied by means of stable isotope analysis. J. Anthrop. Archaeol 23 (2004) 135-162
29. Gambell R. Physeter catodon Linnaeus, 1758-Pottwal. In: Robineau D., Duguy R., and Klima M. (Eds) (1995), Handbuch der Säugetiere Europas, Band 6/1B, Aula, Wiesbaden 624-646
30. Goméz-Guillién M.C., Turnay J., Fernandéz-Díaz M.D., Ulmo N., Lizarbe M.A., and Montero P. Structural and physical properties of gelatin extracted from different marine species: a comparative study. Food Hydrocolloids 16 (2002) 25-34
31. Grupe G. Die anthropologische Bearbeitung der Skelettserie von Schleswig, Ausgrabung Rathausmarkt; Rekonstruktion einer mittelalterlichen Bevölkerung und ihrer Umweltbeziehungen. In: Vogel V. (Ed). Ausgrabungen in Schleswig, Berichte und Studien 12; Kirche und Gräberfeld des 11.-13. Jahrhunderts unter dem Rathausmarkt von Schleswig (1997), Karl Wachholtz, Neumünster 147-209
32. Grupe G., Mikič Z., Peters J., and Manhart H. Vertebrate food webs and subsistence strategies of Meso- and Neolithic populations of central Europe. In: Grupe G., and Peters J. (Eds). Decyphering Ancient Bones 1 (2003), The Research Potential of Bioarchaeological Collections. Documenta Archaeobiologiae 193-213
33. Harbeck M., Dobberstein R., Ritz-Timme S., Schröder I., and Grupe G. Degradation von Biomolekülen in Knochen: Auswirkungen auf die biologische Spurenkunde am Beispiel stabiler Isotopenverhältnisse im Kollagen. Anthr. Anz 64 (2006) 273-282
34. Harbeck M., and Grupe G. Experimental chemical degradation compared to natural diagenetic alteration of collagen: Implications for collagen quality indicators for stable isotope analysis. Archaeol. Anthrop. Sci. 1 (2009) 43-57
35. Harrison R.G., and Katzenberg M.A. Palaeodiet studies using stable carbon isotopes from bone apatite and collagen: examples from Southern Ontario and San Nicolas Island, California. J. Anthrop. Archaeol 22 (2003) 227-244
36. Haug I.J., Draget K.I., and Smidsrød O. Physical and rheological properties of fish gelatin compared to mammalian gelatin. Food Hydrocolloids 18 (2004) 203-213
37. Heinrich D. Untersuchungen an mittelalterlichen Fischresten aus Schleswig Ausgrabung Schild 1971-1975. In: Vogel V. (Ed). Ausgrabungen in Schleswig, Berichte und Studien 6 (1987), Karl Wachholtz, Neumünster
38. Heinrich D. Untersuchungen an Skelettresten wildlebender Säugetiere aus dem mittelalterlichen Schleswig Ausgrabung Schild 1971-1975. In: Vogel V. (Ed). Ausgrabungen in Schleswig, Berichte und Studien 9 (1991), Karl Wachholtz, Neumünster
39. Heinrich D. Die Fischreste aus dem Hafen von Haithabu-Handaufgelesene Funde. In: Schietzel K. (Ed). Berichte über die Ausgrabungen in Haithabu; Bericht 35 (2006), Karl Wachholtz, Neumünster 157-193
40. Heinrich D. Die Tierknochen aus dem Hafen von Haithabu-Einführende Bemerkungen. In: Schietzel K. (Ed). Berichte über die Ausgrabungen in Haithabu; Bericht 35 (2006), Karl Wachholtz, Neumünster 9-24
41. Hüster H. Untersuchungen an Skelettresten von Rindern, Schafen, Ziegen und Schweinen aus dem mittelalterlichen Schleswig. Ausgrabung Schild 1971-1975. Ausgrabungen in Schleswig, Berichte und Studien 8 (1990), Karl Wachholtz, Neumünster
42. Hüster Plogmann H. Untersuchungen an den Skelettresten von Säugetieren und Vögeln aus dem Hafen von Haithabu. In: Schietzel K. (Ed). Berichte über die Ausgrabungen in Haithabu; Bericht 35 (2006), Karl Wachholtz, Neumünster 25-156
43. Hobson K.A. Tracing origins and migration of wildlife using stable isotopes: a review. Oecologia 120 (1999) 314-326
44. Iacumin P., Bocherens H., Mariotti A., and Longinelli A. Oxygen isotope analyses of co-existing carbonate and phosphate in biogenic apatite: a way to monitor diagenetic alteration of bone phosphate?. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 142 (1996) 1-6
45. Jacobson B.S., Smith B.N., and Jacobson A.V. Alloxan induced change from carbohydrate to lipid oxidation in rats as determined by prevalence of C-13 in expired carbon dioxide. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun 47 (1972) 398-402
46. Jankuhn H. Bedeutung der Handelsplätze für die Entwicklung des mittelalterlichen Städtewesens. In: Jankuhn H., Schietzel K., and Reichstein H. (Eds). Archäologische und naturwissenschaftliche Untersuchungen an ländlichen und frühstädtischen Siedlungen im deutschen Küstengebiet vom 5. Jahrhundert v. Chr. bis zum 11. Jahrhundert n. Chr. Band 2 (1984), Handelsplätze des frühen und hohen Mittelalters, Acta Humaniora, Weinheim 447-449
47. Jankuhn H. Haithabu. Ein Handelsplatz der Wikingerzeit (1986), Karl Wachholtz, Neumünster
48. Johansson F. Untersuchungen an Skelettresten von Rindern aus Haithabu (Ausgrabung 1966-1969). Berichte über die Ausgrabungen in Haithabu 17 (1982), Karl Wachholtz, Neumünster
49. Jim S., Ambrose S.H., and Evershed R.P. Stable carbon isotopic evidence for differences in the biosynthetic origin of bone cholesterol, collagen and apatite: implications for their use in palaeodietary reconstruction. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 68 (2004) 61-72
50. Kennett D.J. Oxygen isotopic analysis of archaeological shells to detect seasonal use of wetlands on the southern Pacific coast of Mexico. J. Archaeol. Sci. 23 (1996) 689-704
51. Kittiphattanabawon P., Benjakul S., Visessanguan W., Nagai T., and Tanaka M. Characterisation of acid-soluble collagen from skin and bone of bigeye snapper (Priacanthus tayenus). Food Chem. 89 (2005) 363-372
52. Klepinger L.L. Nutritional assessment from bone. Annu. Rev. Anthropol 13 (1984) 75-96
53. Koch P.L., Tuross N., and Fogel M.L. The effects of sample treatment and diagenesis on the isotopic integrity of carbonate in biogenic hydroxylapatite. J. Archaeol. Sci. 24 (1996) 417-429
54. 18O: Accounting for diet and physiological adaptation. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 60 (1996) 4811-4829
55. Kohn M.J., and Cerling T.E. Stable isotope compositions of biological apatite. In: Kohn M.J., Rakovan J., and Hughes J.M. (Eds). Phosphates. Geochemical, Geobiological, and Materials Importance. Rev. Miner. Geochem. 48 (2002), Mineralogical Society of America, Washington 455-488
56. Leach A.A. The amino acid composition of amphibian, reptile and avian gelatins. Biochem. J. 67 (1957) 83-87
57. Lee-Thorp J.A., Sealy J.C., and van der Merwe N.J. Stable carbon isotope ratio differences between bone collagen and bone apatite, and their relationship to diet. J. Archaeol. Sci. 16 (1989) 585-599
58. Lemke, W., 2005. Die kurze und wechselvolle Entwicklungsgeschichte der Ostsee-Aktuelle meeresgeologische Forschungen zum Verlauf der Littorina-Transgression. Bodendenkmalpflege in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Band 52 (Jahrbuch 2004), pp. 43-54.
59. Lepiksaar J., and Heinrich D. Untersuchungen an Fischresten aus der frühmittelalterlichen Siedlung Haithabu. In: Schietzel K. (Ed). Berichte über die Ausgrabungen in Haithabu; Bericht 10 (1977), Karl Wachholtz, Neumünster 9-122
60. Lösch S., Grupe G., and Peters J. Stable isotopes and dietary adaptations in human and animals at Pre-Pottery Neolithic Nevali{dotless} Çori, SE-Anatolia. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol 131 (2006) 181-193
61. Longin R. New method of collagen extraction for radiocarbon dating. Nature 230 (1971) 241-242
62. Lüdtke H. Die archäologischen Untersuchungen unter dem Schleswiger Rathausmarkt. In: Vogel V. (Ed). Ausgrabungen in Schleswig, Berichte und Studien 12; Kirche und Gräberfeld des 11.-13. Jahrhunderts unter dem Rathausmarkt von Schleswig (1997), Karl Wachholtz, Neumünster 9-84
63. Luz B., Cormie A.B., and Schwarcz H.P. Oxygen isotope variations in phosphate of deer bones. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 54 (1990) 1723-1728
64. Meadow R.H. Animal bones: Problems for the archaeologist together with some possible solutions. Paléorient 6 (1980) 65-77
65. 15N and animal age. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 48 (1984) 1135-1140
66. Montero P., Borderias J., Turnay J., and Leyzarbe M.A. Characterization of hake (Merluccius merluccius L.) and trout (Salmo irideus Gibb) collagen. J. Agric. Food Chem. 38 (1990) 604-609
67. Mook W.G. Paleotemperatures and chlorinities from stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in shell carbonates. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclim. Palaeoecol 9 (1971) 245-263
68. Moore K.M., Murray M.L., and Schoeninger M.J. Dietary reconstruction from bones treated with preservatives. J. Archaeol. Sci. 16 (1989) 437-446
69. Muyonga J.H., Cole C.G.B., and Duodu K.G. Characterisation of acid soluble collagen from skin of young and adult Nile perch (Lates niloticus). Food Chem. 85 (2004) 81-89
70. Nagai T., and Suzuki N. Preparation and characterization of several fish bone collagens. J. Food Biochem 24 (2000) 427-436
71. Nicholson R.A. Bone degradation in a compost heap. J. Archaeol. Sci. 25 (1998) 393-403
72. Petersen B.J., and Fry B. Stable isotopes in ecosystem studies. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst 18 (1987) 293-320
73. Pieper H., and Reichstein H. Untersuchungen an Skelettresten von Vögeln aus dem mittelalterlichen Schleswig. In: Vogel V. (Ed). Ausgrabungen in Schleswig; Berichte und Studien 11; Tierknochenfunde der Ausgrabung Schild 1971-1975 (1995), Karl Wachholtz, Neumünster
74. Piez K.A., and Gross J. The amino acid composition of some fish collagens: The relation between composition and structure. J. Biol. Chem. 235 (1960) 995-998
75. Post D.M. Using stable isotopes to estimate trophic position: Models, methods, and assumptions. Ecology 83 (2002) 703-718
76. Prummel W., and Heinrich D. Archaeological evidence of former occurrence and changes in fishes, amphibians, birds, mammals and molluscs in the Wadden Sea area. Helgoland Mar. Res. 59 (2005) 55-70
77. Reichstein H. Die wildlebenden Säugetiere von Haithabu (Ausgrabungen 1966-1969 und 1979-1980). In: Schietzel K. (Ed). Berichte über die Ausgrabungen in Haithabu; Bericht 30 (1991), Karl Wachholtz, Neumünster
78. Reichstein H., and Pieper H. Untersuchung an den Skelettresten von Vögeln aus Haithabu (Ausgrabung 1966-1969). In: Schietzel K. (Ed). Berichte über die Ausgrabungen in Haithabu; Bericht 22 (1986), Karl Wachholtz, Neumünster
79. Richards M.P., Fuller B.T., and Molleson T.I. Stable isotope palaeodietary study of humans and fauna from the multi-period (Iron Age, Viking and Late Medieval) site of Newark Bay, Orkney. J. Archaeol. Sci. 33 (2006) 122-131
80. Schäfer-Neth C. Changes in the seawater salinity-oxygen isotope relation between last glacial and present: Sediment core data and OGCM modelling. Palaeoclimates 2 (1998) 101-131
81. Schmölcke U., and Heinrich D. Die Tierknochen aus dem Hafen von Haithabu-Schlämmfunde. In: Schietzel K. (Ed). Berichte über die Ausgrabungen in Haithabu 35 (2006), Karl Wachholtz, Neumünster 195-239
82. Schoeninger M.J., and DeNiro M.J. Nitrogen and carbon isotopic composition of bone collagen from marine and terrestrial animals. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 48 (1984) 625-639
83. Schoeninger M.J., Moore K.M., Murray M.L., and Kingston J.D. Detection of bone preservation in archaeological and fossil samples. Appl. Geochem 4 (1989) 281-292
84. Sigurjónsson J. Orcinus orca (Linnaeus, 1758)-Schwertwal, Großer Schwertwal. In: Robineau D., Duguy R., and Klima M. (Eds) (1994), Handbuch der Säugetiere Europas, Band 6/1A, Aula, Wiesbaden 433-468
85. Simek, R., 2002. Die Wikinger. 3. Auflage; Beck, München.
86. 12C ratios for classes of compounds isolated from potato tuber. Plant Cell Physiol 17 (1976) 1089-1092
87. von Steinsdorff K., and Grupe G. Reconstruction of an aquatic food web: Viking Haithabu vs. medieval Schleswig. Anthr. Anz 64 (2006) 283-295
88. Stephenson P.C., Edmonds J.S., Moran M.J., and Caputi N. Analysis of stable isotope ratios to investigate stock structure of red emperor and Rankin cod in northern Western Australia. J. Fish Biol. 58 (2001) 126-144
89. Stibor H., Vadstein O., Diehl S., Gelzleichter A., Hansen T., Hantzsche F., Katechakis A., Lippert B., Løseth K., Peters C., Roederer W., SandowSundt-Hansen L., and Olsen Y. Copepods act as a switch between alternative trophic cascades in marine pelagic food webs. Ecol. Lett. 7 (2004) 321-328
90. Struck, U., 2005. GeoBio-Centre Munich: personal communication.
91. 15N and the trophic position of aquatic consumers. Ecology 80 (1999) 1395-1404
92. Vogel V. Archäologische Stadtkernforschung in Schleswig 1969-1982. In: Vogel V. (Ed). Ausgrabungen in Schleswig Berichte und Studien 1 (1983), Karl Wachholtz, Neumünster
93. Vogel V. Schleswig im Mittelalter, Archäologie einer Stadt (1989), Karl Wachholtz, Neumünster
94. Vogel V. Archäologische Belege für Fernkontakte der Stadt Schleswig im 11. bis 13. Jahrhundert. In: Brandt K., Müller-Wille C., and Radtke C. (Eds). Haithabu und die frühe Stadtentwicklung im nördlichen Europa (2002), Karl Wachholtz, Neumünster 367-387
95. 13C-Isotopen-Massenspektroskopie in der Lebensmitteluntersuchung. Z. Lebensmittelunters.-forsch 171 (1980) 85-94