메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 5, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 245-255

Management of agitation and aggression associated with alzheimer disease

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMISULPRIDE; ARIPIPRAZOLE; ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENT; CARBAMAZEPINE; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR; CITALOPRAM; CLOZAPINE; DONEPEZIL; DROPERIDOL; GABAPENTIN; HALOPERIDOL; MEMANTINE; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; OLANZAPINE; PLACEBO; PROMAZINE; QUETIAPINE; RISPERIDONE; RIVASTIGMINE; SERTINDOLE; SERTRALINE; THIORIDAZINE; TIOTIXENE; TRAZODONE; VALPROIC ACID; ZOTEPINE;

EID: 68349084783     PISSN: 17594758     EISSN: 17594766     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2009.39     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (296)

References (86)
  • 1
    • 70350110000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of Alzheimer's
    • Prince, M. Epidemiology of Alzheimer's. Psychiatry 3, 11-13 (2004).
    • (2004) Psychiatry , vol.3 , pp. 11-13
    • Prince, M.1
  • 2
    • 39749127211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Point and 5-year period prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia: The Cache County Study
    • Steinberg, M. et al. Point and 5-year period prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia: The Cache County Study. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 23, 170-177 (2008).
    • (2008) Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry , vol.23 , pp. 170-177
    • Steinberg, M.1
  • 3
    • 34248229332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychiatric symptoms (behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia) and the development of dementia treatments
    • Lyketsos, C. G. Neuropsychiatric symptoms (behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia) and the development of dementia treatments. Int. Psychogeriatr. 19, 409-420 (2007).
    • (2007) Int. Psychogeriatr , vol.19 , pp. 409-420
    • Lyketsos, C.G.1
  • 4
    • 38849132049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical management of dementia
    • Ballard, C. & Fossey, J. Clinical management of dementia. Psychiatry 7, 88-93 (2008).
    • (2008) Psychiatry , vol.7 , pp. 88-93
    • Ballard, C.1    Fossey, J.2
  • 5
    • 0019991994 scopus 로고
    • The impact of dementia on the family
    • Rabins, P. V., Mace, N. L., & Lucas, M. J. The impact of dementia on the family. JAMA 248, 333-335 (1982).
    • (1982) JAMA , vol.248 , pp. 333-335
    • Rabins, P.V.1    Mace, N.L.2    Lucas, M.J.3
  • 6
    • 0029940694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A follow up study of depression in the carers of dementia sufferers
    • Ballard, C. G., Eastwood, C., Gahir, M. & Wilcock, G. A follow up study of depression in the carers of dementia sufferers. BMJ 312, 947 (1996).
    • (1996) BMJ , vol.312 , pp. 947
    • Ballard, C.G.1    Eastwood, C.2    Gahir, M.3    Wilcock, G.4
  • 7
    • 0025142124 scopus 로고
    • Psychiatric symptoms and nursing home placement of patients with Alzheimer's disease
    • Steele, C., Rovner, B., Chase, G. A. & Folstein, M. Psychiatric symptoms and nursing home placement of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Am. J. Psychiatry 147, 1049-1051 (1990).
    • (1990) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.147 , pp. 1049-1051
    • Steele, C.1    Rovner, B.2    Chase, G.A.3    Folstein, M.4
  • 8
    • 0037236517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral problems in dementia: A factor analysis of the neuropsychiatric inventory
    • Aalten, P. et al. Behavioral problems in dementia: A factor analysis of the neuropsychiatric inventory. Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord. 15, 99-105 (2003).
    • (2003) Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord , vol.15 , pp. 99-105
    • Aalten, P.1
  • 9
    • 0025287332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schneider, L. S., Pollock, V. E. & Lyness, S. A. A metaanalysis of controlled trials of neuroleptic treatment in dementia. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 38, 553-563 (1990).
    • Schneider, L. S., Pollock, V. E. & Lyness, S. A. A metaanalysis of controlled trials of neuroleptic treatment in dementia. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 38, 553-563 (1990).
  • 10
    • 0028916985 scopus 로고
    • A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of thiothixene in agitated, demented nursing home patients
    • Finkel, S. I. et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of thiothixene in agitated, demented nursing home patients. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 10, 129-136 (1995).
    • (1995) Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry , vol.10 , pp. 129-136
    • Finkel, S.I.1
  • 11
    • 0033595555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of risperidone, placebo, and haloperidol for behavioral symptoms of dementia
    • De Deyn, P. P. et al. A randomized trial of risperidone, placebo, and haloperidol for behavioral symptoms of dementia. Neurology 53, 946-955 (1999).
    • (1999) Neurology , vol.53 , pp. 946-955
    • De Deyn, P.P.1
  • 12
    • 0034649447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of agitation in AD: A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial
    • Teri, L. et al. Treatment of agitation in AD: A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Neurology 55, 1271-1278 (2000).
    • (2000) Neurology , vol.55 , pp. 1271-1278
    • Teri, L.1
  • 14
    • 0025878224 scopus 로고
    • Neuroleptic drugs in the management of behavioral symptoms of Alzheimer's disease
    • Tune, L. E., Steele, C. & Cooper, T. Neuroleptic drugs in the management of behavioral symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. Psychiatr. Clin. North Am. 14, 353-373 (1991).
    • (1991) Psychiatr. Clin. North Am , vol.14 , pp. 353-373
    • Tune, L.E.1    Steele, C.2    Cooper, T.3
  • 15
    • 0034712552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • QTc-interval abnormalities and psychotropic drug therapy in psychiatric patients
    • Reilly, J. G., Ayis, S. A., Ferrier, I. N., Jones, S. J. & Thomas, S. H. QTc-interval abnormalities and psychotropic drug therapy in psychiatric patients. Lancet 355, 1048-1052 (2000).
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.355 , pp. 1048-1052
    • Reilly, J.G.1    Ayis, S.A.2    Ferrier, I.N.3    Jones, S.J.4    Thomas, S.H.5
  • 16
    • 28244431743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of death in elderly users of conventional vs. atypical antipsychotic medications
    • Wang, P. S. et al. Risk of death in elderly users of conventional vs. atypical antipsychotic medications. N. Engl. J. Med. 353 2335-2341 (2005).
    • (2005) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.353 , pp. 2335-2341
    • Wang, P.S.1
  • 18
    • 33745737632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroleptic drugs in dementia: Benefits and harm
    • Ballard, C. & Howard, R. Neuroleptic drugs in dementia: Benefits and harm. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 7, 492-500 (2006).
    • (2006) Nat. Rev. Neurosci , vol.7 , pp. 492-500
    • Ballard, C.1    Howard, R.2
  • 19
    • 33644922637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and adverse effects of atypical antipsychotics for dementia: Meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials
    • Schneider, L. S., Dagerman, K. & Insel, P.S. Efficacy and adverse effects of atypical antipsychotics for dementia: Meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Am. J. Geriatr Psychiatry 14, 191-210 (2006).
    • (2006) Am. J. Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.14 , pp. 191-210
    • Schneider, L.S.1    Dagerman, K.2    Insel, P.S.3
  • 20
    • 2342628427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Olanzapine (Zyprexa): Increased incidence of cerebrovascular events in dementia trials
    • Wooltorton, E. Olanzapine (Zyprexa): Increased incidence of cerebrovascular events in dementia trials. CMAJ 170, 1395 (2004).
    • (2004) CMAJ , vol.170 , pp. 1395
    • Wooltorton, E.1
  • 22
    • 26844538114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of death with atypical antipsychotic drug treatment for dementia: Meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials
    • Schneider, L. S., Dagerman, K. S. & Insel, P. Risk of death with atypical antipsychotic drug treatment for dementia: Meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. JAMA 294, 1934-1943 (2005).
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.294 , pp. 1934-1943
    • Schneider, L.S.1    Dagerman, K.S.2    Insel, P.3
  • 23
    • 20244384575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quetiapine and rivastigmine and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease, randomised double blind placebo controlled trial
    • Ballard, C. et al. Quetiapine and rivastigmine and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease, randomised double blind placebo controlled trial. BMJ 330, 874 (2005).
    • (2005) BMJ , vol.330 , pp. 874
    • Ballard, C.1
  • 24
    • 33749618085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of atypical antipsychotic drugs in patients with Alzheimer's disease
    • Schneider, L. S. et al. Effectiveness of atypical antipsychotic drugs in patients with Alzheimer's disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 355, 1525-1538 (2006).
    • (2006) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.355 , pp. 1525-1538
    • Schneider, L.S.1
  • 25
    • 43249092442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomised, blinded, placebo-controlled trial in dementia patients continuing or stopping neuroleptics (the DART-AD trial)
    • Ballard, C. et al. A randomised, blinded, placebo-controlled trial in dementia patients continuing or stopping neuroleptics (the DART-AD trial). PLoS Med. 5, e76 (2008).
    • (2008) PLoS Med , vol.5
    • Ballard, C.1
  • 26
    • 0033598114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Withdrawal of haloperidol, thioddazine, and lorazepam in the nursing home: A controlled, double-blind study
    • Cohen-Mansfield, J. et al. Withdrawal of haloperidol, thioddazine, and lorazepam in the nursing home: A controlled, double-blind study. Arch. Intern. Med. 159, 1733-1740 (1999).
    • (1999) Arch. Intern. Med , vol.159 , pp. 1733-1740
    • Cohen-Mansfield, J.1
  • 27
    • 0030709265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Withdrawal of neuroleptic medications from institutionalized dementia patients: Results of a double-blind, baseline-treatment-controlled pilot study
    • Bridges-Parlet, S., Knopman, D. & Steffes, S. Withdrawal of neuroleptic medications from institutionalized dementia patients: Results of a double-blind, baseline-treatment-controlled pilot study. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol. 10, 119-126 (1997).
    • (1997) J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol , vol.10 , pp. 119-126
    • Bridges-Parlet, S.1    Knopman, D.2    Steffes, S.3
  • 28
    • 1442357988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 3-month, randomized, placebo-controlled, neuroleptic discontinuation study in 100 people with dementia: The neuropsychiatric inventory median cutoff is a predictor of clinical outcome
    • Ballard, C. et al. A 3-month, randomized, placebo-controlled, neuroleptic discontinuation study in 100 people with dementia: The neuropsychiatric inventory median cutoff is a predictor of clinical outcome. J. Clin. Psychiatry 65, 114-119 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.65 , pp. 114-119
    • Ballard, C.1
  • 29
    • 58649100881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dementia antipsychotic withdrawal trial (DART-AD): Long-term follow-up of a randomised placebo-controlled trial
    • Ballard, C. et al. The dementia antipsychotic withdrawal trial (DART-AD): Long-term follow-up of a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 8, 151-157 (2009).
    • (2009) Lancet Neurol , vol.8 , pp. 151-157
    • Ballard, C.1
  • 30
    • 33745843336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Position statement of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry regarding principles of care for patients with dementia due to Alzheimer disease
    • Lyketsos, C. G. et al. Position statement of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry regarding principles of care for patients with dementia due to Alzheimer disease. Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 14, 561-572 (2006).
    • (2006) Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry , vol.14 , pp. 561-572
    • Lyketsos, C.G.1
  • 31
    • 27744488144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review of psychological approaches to the management of neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia
    • Livingston, G. et al. Systematic review of psychological approaches to the management of neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia. Am. J. Psychiatry 162, 1996-2021 (2005).
    • (2005) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.162 , pp. 1996-2021
    • Livingston, G.1
  • 32
    • 0141613170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation therapy for dementia
    • Issue, Art. No, CD001394. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001394
    • Neal, M. & Barton Wright, P. Validation therapy for dementia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Issue 3. Art. No.: CD001394. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001394 (2003).
    • (2003) Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews , vol.3
    • Neal, M.1    Barton Wright, P.2
  • 33
    • 34548709855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonpharmacological treatment of agitation: A controlled trial of systematic individualized intervention
    • Cohen-Mansfield, J., Libin, A. & Marx, M. S. Nonpharmacological treatment of agitation: A controlled trial of systematic individualized intervention. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 62, 908-916 (2007).
    • (2007) J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci , vol.62 , pp. 908-916
    • Cohen-Mansfield, J.1    Libin, A.2    Marx, M.S.3
  • 34
    • 69449084096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brief psycho-social therapy (BPST) for the treatment of agitation in Alzheimer's disease (the CALM-AD trial)
    • in press
    • Ballard, C. et al. Brief psycho-social therapy (BPST) for the treatment of agitation in Alzheimer's disease (the CALM-AD trial). Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry (in press) (2009).
    • (2009) Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry
    • Ballard, C.1
  • 35
    • 70350122553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bird, M., Llewellyn-Jones, R., Smithers, H. & Korten, A. Psychosocial approaches to challenging behaviour in dementia: A controlled trial. In Report to the Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing. Sections 2.5 and 4.5. Canberra: Office for Older Australians (2002).
    • Bird, M., Llewellyn-Jones, R., Smithers, H. & Korten, A. Psychosocial approaches to challenging behaviour in dementia: A controlled trial. In Report to the Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing. Sections 2.5 and 4.5. Canberra: Office for Older Australians (2002).
  • 36
    • 33645571637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of enhanced psychosocial care on antipsychotic use in nursing home residents with severe dementia: Cluster randomised trial
    • Fossey, J. et al. Effect of enhanced psychosocial care on antipsychotic use in nursing home residents with severe dementia: cluster randomised trial. BMJ 332, 756-758 (2006).
    • (2006) BMJ , vol.332 , pp. 756-758
    • Fossey, J.1
  • 38
    • 0038141740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melissa officinalis extract in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: A double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial
    • Akhondzadeh, S. et al. Melissa officinalis extract in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: A double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 74, 863-886 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry , vol.74 , pp. 863-886
    • Akhondzadeh, S.1
  • 39
    • 0346666976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of light on agitation in institutionalized patients with severe Alzheimer disease
    • Ancoli-Israel, S. et al. Effect of light on agitation in institutionalized patients with severe Alzheimer disease. Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 11, 194-203 (2003).
    • (2003) Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry , vol.11 , pp. 194-203
    • Ancoli-Israel, S.1
  • 40
    • 0036076832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aromatherapy as a safe and effective treatment for the management of agitation in severe dementia: The results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with melissa
    • Ballard, C. G., O'Brien, J. T., Reicheit, K. & Perry, E. K. Aromatherapy as a safe and effective treatment for the management of agitation in severe dementia: The results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with melissa. J. Clin. Psychiatry 63, 553-558 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.63 , pp. 553-558
    • Ballard, C.G.1    O'Brien, J.T.2    Reicheit, K.3    Perry, E.K.4
  • 41
    • 38549135428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melatonin and bright-light treatment for rest-activity disruption in institutionalized patients with Alzheimer's disease
    • Dowling, G. A. et al. Melatonin and bright-light treatment for rest-activity disruption in institutionalized patients with Alzheimer's disease. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 56, 239-246 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Am. Geriatr. Soc , vol.56 , pp. 239-246
    • Dowling, G.A.1
  • 42
    • 34249737315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of aromatherapy (Lavandula angustifolia) as an intervention for agitated behaviours in Chinese older persons with dementia: A cross-over randomized trial
    • Lin, P.W., Chan, W. C., Ng, B. F. & Lam, L. C. Efficacy of aromatherapy (Lavandula angustifolia) as an intervention for agitated behaviours in Chinese older persons with dementia: A cross-over randomized trial. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 22, 405-410 (2007).
    • (2007) Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry , vol.22 , pp. 405-410
    • Lin, P.W.1    Chan, W.C.2    Ng, B.F.3    Lam, L.C.4
  • 43
    • 0037039021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensory stimulation in dementia
    • Burns, A., Byrne, J., Ballard, C. & Holmes, C. Sensory stimulation in dementia. BMJ 325, 1312-1313 (2002).
    • (2002) BMJ , vol.325 , pp. 1312-1313
    • Burns, A.1    Byrne, J.2    Ballard, C.3    Holmes, C.4
  • 44
    • 0036942425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of donepezil on behavioral symptoms in patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease
    • Gauthier, S. et al. Efficacy of donepezil on behavioral symptoms in patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease. Int. Psychogeriatr. 14, 389-404 (2002).
    • (2002) Int. Psychogeriatr , vol.14 , pp. 389-404
    • Gauthier, S.1
  • 45
    • 33745824631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cummings, J. L., McRae, T., Zhang, R. & Donepezil-Sertraline Study Group. Effects of donepezil on neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with dementia and severe behavioral disorders. Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 14, 605-612 (2006).
    • Cummings, J. L., McRae, T., Zhang, R. & Donepezil-Sertraline Study Group. Effects of donepezil on neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with dementia and severe behavioral disorders. Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 14, 605-612 (2006).
  • 46
    • 0034676757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of rivastigmine in dementia with Lewy bodies: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled international study
    • McKeith, I. et al. Efficacy of rivastigmine in dementia with Lewy bodies: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled international study. Lancet 356, 2031-2036 (2000).
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.356 , pp. 2031-2036
    • McKeith, I.1
  • 47
    • 0037070773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of galantamine in probable vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease combined with cerebrovascular disease: A randomised trial
    • Erkinjuntti, T. et al. Efficacy of galantamine in probable vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease combined with cerebrovascular disease: A randomised trial. Lancet 359, 1283-1290 (2002).
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 1283-1290
    • Erkinjuntti, T.1
  • 48
    • 38949191274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For debate: Is the evidence for the efficacy of cholinesterase inhibitors in the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer's disease convincing or not?
    • Ames, D. et al. For debate: Is the evidence for the efficacy of cholinesterase inhibitors in the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer's disease convincing or not? Int. Psychogeriatr. 20, 259-292 (2008).
    • (2008) Int. Psychogeriatr , vol.20 , pp. 259-292
    • Ames, D.1
  • 49
    • 0037425565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of cholinesterase inhibitors in the treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms and functional impairment in Alzheimer disease: A meta-analysis
    • Trinh, N. H., Hoblyn, J., Mohanty, S. & Yaffe, K. Efficacy of cholinesterase inhibitors in the treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms and functional impairment in Alzheimer disease: A meta-analysis. JAMA 289, 210-216 (2003).
    • (2003) JAMA , vol.289 , pp. 210-216
    • Trinh, N.H.1    Hoblyn, J.2    Mohanty, S.3    Yaffe, K.4
  • 50
    • 3242775357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The efficacy of donepezil in the treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer disease
    • Holmes, C. et al. The efficacy of donepezil in the treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer disease. Neurology 63 214-219 (2004).
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.63 , pp. 214-219
    • Holmes, C.1
  • 51
    • 34948834261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Donepezil, for the treatment of agitation in Alzheimer's disease
    • Howard, R. J. et al. Donepezil, for the treatment of agitation in Alzheimer's disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 357, 1382-1392 (2007).
    • (2007) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.357 , pp. 1382-1392
    • Howard, R.J.1
  • 52
    • 33746825134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral effects of memantine in Alzheimer disease patients receiving donepezil treatment
    • & Memantine MEM-MD-02 Study Group
    • Cummings, J. L., Schneider, E., Tariot, P. N., Graham, S. M. & Memantine MEM-MD-02 Study Group. Behavioral effects of memantine in Alzheimer disease patients receiving donepezil treatment. Neurology, 67 57-63 (2006).
    • (2006) Neurology , vol.67 , pp. 57-63
    • Cummings, J.L.1    Schneider, E.2    Tariot, P.N.3    Graham, S.M.4
  • 53
    • 19144372322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of memantine on behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer's disease patients: An analysis of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) data of two randomized, controlled studies
    • Gauthier S., Wirth, Y. & Möbius, H. J. Effects of memantine on behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer's disease patients: An analysis of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) data of two randomized, controlled studies. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 20, 459-464 (2005).
    • (2005) Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry , vol.20 , pp. 459-464
    • Gauthier, S.1    Wirth, Y.2    Möbius, H.J.3
  • 55
    • 44249126470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvement in behavioural symptoms in patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease by memantine: A pooled data analysis
    • Gauthier, S., Loft, H. & Cummings, J. Improvement in behavioural symptoms in patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease by memantine: A pooled data analysis. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 23, 537-545 (2008).
    • (2008) Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry , vol.23 , pp. 537-545
    • Gauthier, S.1    Loft, H.2    Cummings, J.3
  • 56
    • 42249111378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memantine for agitation/aggression and psychosis in moderately severe to severe Alzheimer's disease: A pooled analysis of 3 studies
    • Wilcock, G. K., Ballard, C. G., Cooper, J. A. & Loft, H. Memantine for agitation/aggression and psychosis in moderately severe to severe Alzheimer's disease: A pooled analysis of 3 studies. J. Clin. Psychiatry 69, 341-348 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.69 , pp. 341-348
    • Wilcock, G.K.1    Ballard, C.G.2    Cooper, J.A.3    Loft, H.4
  • 57
    • 70350121153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memantine discontinuation in nursing home residents with Alzheimer's disease is associated with increased psychotropic drug use and decreased body weight
    • Poster presented at the, CINP, 13-17 July, Munich, Germany
    • Fillit, H. et al. Memantine discontinuation in nursing home residents with Alzheimer's disease is associated with increased psychotropic drug use and decreased body weight. Poster presented at the XXVI Collegium Internationale Neuro-Psychopharmacologicum (CINP): 13-17 July 2008, Munich, Germany (2008).
    • (2008) XXVI Collegium Internationale Neuro-Psychopharmacologicum
    • Fillit, H.1
  • 58
    • 52249112068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the impact of memantine treatment initiation on psychotropics use: A study from the French national health care database
    • Vidal, J. S. et al. Evaluation of the impact of memantine treatment initiation on psychotropics use: A study from the French national health care database. Neuroepidemiology 31, 193-200 (2008).
    • (2008) Neuroepidemiology , vol.31 , pp. 193-200
    • Vidal, J.S.1
  • 59
    • 0842325104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of sertraline in the treatment of the behavioral manifestations of Alzheimer's disease in outpatients treated with donepezil
    • Finkel, S. I. et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of sertraline in the treatment of the behavioral manifestations of Alzheimer's disease in outpatients treated with donepezil. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 19, 9-18 (2004).
    • (2004) Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry , vol.19 , pp. 9-18
    • Finkel, S.I.1
  • 60
    • 0036190759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of citalopram, perphenazine, and placebo for the acute treatment of psychosis and behavioral disturbances in hospitalized, demented patients
    • Pollock, B. G. et al. Comparison of citalopram, perphenazine, and placebo for the acute treatment of psychosis and behavioral disturbances in hospitalized, demented patients. Am. J. Psychiatry 159, 460-465 (2002).
    • (2002) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.159 , pp. 460-465
    • Pollock, B.G.1
  • 61
    • 38449107464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-blind comparison of citalopram and risperidone for the treatment of behavioral and psychotic symptoms associated with dementia
    • Pollock, B. G. et al. A double-blind comparison of citalopram and risperidone for the treatment of behavioral and psychotic symptoms associated with dementia. Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 15, 942-952 (2007).
    • (2007) Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry , vol.15 , pp. 942-952
    • Pollock, B.G.1
  • 62
    • 0031026215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-blind comparison of trazodone and haloperidol for treatment of agitation in patients with dementia
    • Sultzer, D. L., Gray, K. F., Gunay, I., Berisford, M. A. & Mahler, M. E. A double-blind comparison of trazodone and haloperidol for treatment of agitation in patients with dementia. Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 5, 60-69 (1997).
    • (1997) Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry , vol.5 , pp. 60-69
    • Sultzer, D.L.1    Gray, K.F.2    Gunay, I.3    Berisford, M.A.4    Mahler, M.E.5
  • 63
    • 33750742016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design of Depression in Alzheimer's Disease Study-2
    • Martin, B. K. et al. Design of Depression in Alzheimer's Disease Study-2. Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 14, 920-930 (2006).
    • (2006) Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry , vol.14 , pp. 920-930
    • Martin, B.K.1
  • 64
    • 0037038821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mood stabilizers in Alzheimer's disease: Symptomatic and neuroprotective rationales
    • Tariot, P. N., Loy, R., Ryan, J. M., Porsteinsson, A. & Ismail, S. Mood stabilizers in Alzheimer's disease: Symptomatic and neuroprotective rationales. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 54, 1567-1577 (2002).
    • (2002) Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev , vol.54 , pp. 1567-1577
    • Tariot, P.N.1    Loy, R.2    Ryan, J.M.3    Porsteinsson, A.4    Ismail, S.5
  • 65
    • 38949131833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticonvulsants for the treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: A literature review
    • Konovalov, S., Muralee, S. & Tampi, R. R. Anticonvulsants for the treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: A literature review. Int. Psychogeriatr. 20, 293-308 (2008).
    • (2008) Int. Psychogeriatr , vol.20 , pp. 293-308
    • Konovalov, S.1    Muralee, S.2    Tampi, R.R.3
  • 66
    • 0031974390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and tolerability of carbamazepine for agitation and aggression in dementia
    • Tariot, P. N. et al. Efficacy and tolerability of carbamazepine for agitation and aggression in dementia. Am. J. Psychiatry 155 54-61 (1998).
    • (1998) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.155 , pp. 54-61
    • Tariot, P.N.1
  • 67
    • 84903152110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot randomized trial of carbamazepine for behavioral symptoms in treatment-resistant outpatients with Alzheimer disease
    • Olin, J. T., Fox, L. S., Pawluczyk, S., Taggart, N. A. & Schneider, L. S. A pilot randomized trial of carbamazepine for behavioral symptoms in treatment-resistant outpatients with Alzheimer disease. Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 9, 400-405 (2001).
    • (2001) Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry , vol.9 , pp. 400-405
    • Olin, J.T.1    Fox, L.S.2    Pawluczyk, S.3    Taggart, N.A.4    Schneider, L.S.5
  • 68
    • 38449111254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antipsychotic medication dispensing and risk of death in veterans and war widows 65 years and older
    • Hollis, J. et al. Antipsychotic medication dispensing and risk of death in veterans and war widows 65 years and older. Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 15, 932-941 (2007).
    • (2007) Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry , vol.15 , pp. 932-941
    • Hollis, J.1
  • 69
    • 33644877231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Divalproex sodium in nursing home residents with possible or probable Alzheimer disease complicated by agitation: A randomized, controlled trial
    • Tariot, P. N. et al. Divalproex sodium in nursing home residents with possible or probable Alzheimer disease complicated by agitation: A randomized, controlled trial. Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 13, 942-949 (2005).
    • (2005) Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry , vol.13 , pp. 942-949
    • Tariot, P.N.1
  • 70
    • 33846218161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A placebo-controlled trial of valproate for agitation and aggression in Alzheimer's disease
    • Herrmann N., Lanctôt, K. L., Rothenburg, L. S. & Eryavec, G. A placebo-controlled trial of valproate for agitation and aggression in Alzheimer's disease. Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord. 23, 116-119 (2007).
    • (2007) Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord , vol.23 , pp. 116-119
    • Herrmann, N.1    Lanctôt, K.L.2    Rothenburg, L.S.3    Eryavec, G.4
  • 71
    • 40549112334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACNP White Paper: Update on use of antipsychotic drugs in elderly persons with dementia
    • Jeste, D. V. et al. ACNP White Paper: Update on use of antipsychotic drugs in elderly persons with dementia. Neuropsychopharmacology 33, 957-970 (2008).
    • (2008) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.33 , pp. 957-970
    • Jeste, D.V.1
  • 72
    • 0031596301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2C receptor polymorphisms and psychopathology in late onset Alzheimer's disease. Hum. Mol. Genet. 7, 1507-1509 (1998).
    • 2C receptor polymorphisms and psychopathology in late onset Alzheimer's disease. Hum. Mol. Genet. 7, 1507-1509 (1998).
  • 73
    • 34548149724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of serotonin transporter polymorphisms in the behavioural and psychological symptoms in probable Alzheimer. disease patients
    • Pritchard, A. L, Pritchard, C. W., Bentham, P. & Lendon, C. L. Role of serotonin transporter polymorphisms in the behavioural and psychological symptoms in probable Alzheimer. disease patients. Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord. 24, 201-206 (2007).
    • (2007) Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord , vol.24 , pp. 201-206
    • Pritchard, A.L.1    Pritchard, C.W.2    Bentham, P.3    Lendon, C.L.4
  • 74
    • 0035734335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 5-HTTPR polymorphism confers liability to a combined phenotype of psychotic and aggressive behaviour in Alzheimer disease
    • Sweet, R. A. et al. The 5-HTTPR polymorphism confers liability to a combined phenotype of psychotic and aggressive behaviour in Alzheimer disease. Int. Psychogeriatr. 13, 401-409 (2001).
    • (2001) Int. Psychogeriatr , vol.13 , pp. 401-409
    • Sweet, R.A.1
  • 75
    • 0031669450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine receptor genetic variation, psychosis, and aggression in Alzheimer disease
    • Sweet, R. A. et al. Dopamine receptor genetic variation, psychosis, and aggression in Alzheimer disease. Arch. Neurol. 55, 1335-1340 (1998).
    • (1998) Arch. Neurol , vol.55 , pp. 1335-1340
    • Sweet, R.A.1
  • 76
    • 0028469704 scopus 로고
    • Neuropathological correlates of psychotic phenomena in confirmed Alzheimer's disease
    • Förstl, H., Burns, A., Levy, R. & Cairns, N. Neuropathological correlates of psychotic phenomena in confirmed Alzheimer's disease. Br. J. Psychiatry 165, 53-59 (1994).
    • (1994) Br. J. Psychiatry , vol.165 , pp. 53-59
    • Förstl, H.1    Burns, A.2    Levy, R.3    Cairns, N.4
  • 78
    • 0035191269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evidence-based proposal for the classification of neuropsychiatric disturbance in Alzheimer's disease
    • Lyketsos, C. G., Breitner, J. C. & Rabins, P.V. An evidence-based proposal for the classification of neuropsychiatric disturbance in Alzheimer's disease. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 16, 1037-1042 (2001).
    • (2001) Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry , vol.16 , pp. 1037-1042
    • Lyketsos, C.G.1    Breitner, J.C.2    Rabins, P.V.3
  • 80
    • 33645510613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loy, C. & Schneider, L. Galantamine for Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Issue 1. Art. No.: CD001747. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001747.pub3 (2006).
    • Loy, C. & Schneider, L. Galantamine for Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Issue 1. Art. No.: CD001747. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001747.pub3 (2006).
  • 81
    • 37649026816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Donepezil for dementia due to Alzheimer's disease
    • Issue, Art. No, CD001190. doi:10.1002/14651858. CD001190.pub2
    • Birks, J. & Harvey, R. J. Donepezil for dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Issue 1. Art. No.: CD001190. doi:10.1002/14651858. CD001190.pub2 (2006).
    • (2006) Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews , vol.1
    • Birks, J.1    Harvey, R.J.2
  • 83
    • 70049094586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Valproate preparations for agitation in dementia
    • Issue, Art. No, CD003945. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003945.pub2
    • Lonergan, E. T. & Luxenberg, J. Valproate preparations for agitation in dementia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Issue 2. Art. No.: CD003945. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003945.pub2 (2004).
    • (2004) Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews , vol.2
    • Lonergan, E.T.1    Luxenberg, J.2
  • 84
    • 36048995913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacologic management of neuropsychiatric symptoms of Alzheimer disease
    • Herrmann, N. & Lanctôt, K. L. Pharmacologic management of neuropsychiatric symptoms of Alzheimer disease. Can. J. Psychiatry 52, 630-646 (2007).
    • (2007) Can. J. Psychiatry , vol.52 , pp. 630-646
    • Herrmann, N.1    Lanctôt, K.L.2
  • 86
    • 70350113059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternative therapies for behavioral problems
    • Presented at the 26-31 July, Chicago, USA
    • Ballard, C. Alternative therapies for behavioral problems. Presented at the International Conference on Alzheimer's Disease (ICAD): 26-31 July 2008, Chicago, USA (2008).
    • (2008) International Conference on Alzheimer's Disease (ICAD)
    • Ballard, C.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.