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Volumn 13, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 93-112

Designing regulation for conservation and biosecurity

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 68149145577     PISSN: 13205323     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper
Times cited : (10)

References (82)
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    • It also highlighted the need for simultaneous reduction of the transaction costs of regulation, and improved attention to the social justice impacts of the allocation of costs of protecting our environment
    • It also highlighted the need for simultaneous reduction of the transaction costs of regulation, and improved attention to the social justice impacts of the allocation of costs of protecting our environment.
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    • In making this case we do not intend to diminish the importance of also addressing the issues of efficiency and equity raised in Martin et al, above n 3
    • In making this case we do not intend to diminish the importance of also addressing the issues of efficiency and equity raised in Martin et al, above n 3.
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    • Martin et al, above n 3. See detailed discussion in appendix 2, dealing specifically with state and national biodiversity, invasive plants and quarantine laws: 47-8.
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    • Note that these broad legislative protections exist alongside development-specific requirements for environmental impact assessments based on State law and upon delegated decision-making at a state or local government level
    • Note that these broad legislative protections exist alongside development-specific requirements for environmental impact assessments based on State law and upon delegated decision-making at a state or local government level.
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    • Burgman (2002) and Keith and Burgman (2004) established that the majority of species listed as extinct in Australia in the past are no longer considered to be so: Mark A Burgman, Are listed threatened plant species [TPS] actually at risk, 2002) 50 Australian Journal of Botany 1, Are listed TPS actually at risk?, and David A Keith and Mark A Burgman, The Lazarus effect: can the dynamics of extinct species lists tell us anything about the status of biodiversity, 2004) 117 Biological Conservation 41. While many were rediscovered (representing a change in knowledge about distribution and abundance, most changed status as a consequence of taxonomic revision representing changes in knowledge about the circumscription of species, The rules governing classification of species as endangered or vulnerable are vaguer and more ambiguous than those determining the status 'extinct' and a lack of knowledge will be even more prevalent than it is for putatively extinct species
    • Burgman (2002) and Keith and Burgman (2004) established that the majority of species listed as extinct in Australia in the past are no longer considered to be so: Mark A Burgman, 'Are listed threatened plant species [TPS] actually at risk?' (2002) 50 Australian Journal of Botany 1 ('Are listed TPS actually at risk?'); and David A Keith and Mark A Burgman, 'The Lazarus effect: can the dynamics of extinct species lists tell us anything about the status of biodiversity?' (2004) 117 Biological Conservation 41. While many were rediscovered (representing a change in knowledge about distribution and abundance), most changed status as a consequence of taxonomic revision (representing changes in knowledge about the circumscription of species). The rules governing classification of species as endangered or vulnerable are vaguer and more ambiguous than those determining the status 'extinct' and a lack of knowledge will be even more prevalent than it is for putatively extinct species.
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    • Possingham et al, 'Limits to TS Lists', above n 20; Jenkins and Gardner, above n 15.
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    • Uniformity in the listing process in various legislative regimes would require a national approach and mirror legislation, we anticipate it will be difficult to achieve the necessary consensus among states and the Commonwealth
    • Uniformity in the listing process in various legislative regimes would require a national approach and mirror legislation - we anticipate it will be difficult to achieve the necessary consensus among states and the Commonwealth.
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    • Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth) s 188(3). Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (Cth) (DEWHA), 'Listed Key Threatening Processes' (undated) 〈http://www. environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicgetkeythreats.pl〉 at18 February 2009. Compare Department of Environment and Climate Change (NSW), 'List of key threatening processes' (3 June 2008) 〈http://www.environment.nsw. gov.au/threatenedspecies/KeyThreateningProcessesByDoctype.htm〉 at 18 February 2009.
    • Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth) s 188(3). Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (Cth) (DEWHA), 'Listed Key Threatening Processes' (undated) 〈http://www. environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicgetkeythreats.pl〉 at18 February 2009. Compare Department of Environment and Climate Change (NSW), 'List of key threatening processes' (3 June 2008) 〈http://www.environment.nsw. gov.au/threatenedspecies/KeyThreateningProcessesByDoctype.htm〉 at 18 February 2009.
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    • See Beeton et al, above n 16; and Martin et al, above n 3.
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    • See R D Van Klinken, V A Osten, F D Panetta and J C Scanlan (eds), 16th Australian Weeds Conference Proceedings: Weed management 2008 Hot topics in the tropics, Cairns 18-22 May 2008 (Queensland Weeds Society, 2008). See particularly Rachael V Gallagher, Linda Beaumont, Paul O Downey, Lesley Hughes and Michelle R Leishman, 'Weeds in a warmer climate: a tool for assessing tolerance to changing temperatures' 42 et seq; Kate E Stokes, Steve I Barry, R Hickson and Saul A Cunningham, 'Future spread of lippia in the Murray- Darling Basin under climate change': 44 et seq; John K Scott, Kathryn L Batchelor and Paul B Yeoh, 'Modelling climatic change impacts on sleeper and alert weeds' 143 et seq; and Karina J B Potter, Darren J Kriticos and Agathe Leriche, 'Climate change impacts on Scotch broom in Australia' 523 et seq.
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    • After Peter Caley, Richard H Groves and Robyn Barker, 'Estimating the invasion success of introduced plants' (2008) 14 Diversity and Distributions 196.
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    • Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth) Schedule X. See also DEWHA, 'Listed key threatening processes' 〈http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicgetkeythreats. pl〉 20 March 2009.
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    • Keith and Burgman, above n 21.
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    • DEWHA, 'Weeds of National Significance' (WONS) (last updated 5 February 2009) 〈http://www.weeds.gov.au/weeds/lists/wons.html〉 at 18 February 2009.
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    • DEWHA, 'Diseases, fungi and parasites in Australia' (last updated 16 February 2009) 〈http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/invasive/ diseases/index.html〉 at 18 February 2009. The list comprises root-rot fungus (Phytophthora cinnamomi or cinnamon fungus), Mundulla Yellows (a fatal dieback disease of eucalypts and other native trees and shrubs), Chytridiomycosis or amphibian chytrid fungal disease (caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis), and psittacine cicroviral, or 'beak and feather', disease.
    • DEWHA, 'Diseases, fungi and parasites in Australia' (last updated 16 February 2009) 〈http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/invasive/ diseases/index.html〉 at 18 February 2009. The list comprises root-rot fungus (Phytophthora cinnamomi or cinnamon fungus), Mundulla Yellows (a fatal dieback disease of eucalypts and other native trees and shrubs), Chytridiomycosis or amphibian chytrid fungal disease (caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis), and psittacine cicroviral, or 'beak and feather', disease.
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    • Other than at the most abstract level, with the requirement for 'precaution' in many administrative determinations
    • Other than at the most abstract level, with the requirement for 'precaution' in many administrative determinations.
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    • Burgman, 'Are listed TPS actually at risk?', above n 21.
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    • For instance, lists of Weeds of National Significance are not a major consideration in policies promoting native vegetation retention, such as the Net Gain policy in Victoria, in which the only mention of specific weeds is under the duty of care of landowners to eradicate 'regionally prohibited weeds': see Victorian Department of Natural Resources and Environment, 'Victoria's Native Vegetation Management; a Framework for Action' (2002) 31 〈http://www.dse. vic.gov.au/CA256F310024B628/0/C2E5826C9464A9ECCA2570B400198B44/$File/ Native+Vegetation+Management+-+A+Framework+for+Action.pdf〉 at 20 March 2009.
    • For instance, lists of Weeds of National Significance are not a major consideration in policies promoting native vegetation retention, such as the Net Gain policy in Victoria, in which the only mention of specific weeds is under the duty of care of landowners to eradicate 'regionally prohibited weeds': see Victorian Department of Natural Resources and Environment, 'Victoria's Native Vegetation Management; a Framework for Action' (2002) 31 〈http://www.dse. vic.gov.au/CA256F310024B628/0/C2E5826C9464A9ECCA2570B400198B44/$File/ Native+Vegetation+Management+-+A+Framework+for+Action.pdf〉 at 20 March 2009.
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    • Richard J Hobbs, 'Synergisms among Habitat Fragmentation, Livestock Grazing and Biotic Invasions in Southwestern Australia' (2001) 15 Conservation Biology 1522.
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* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.