Predictors of anti-convulsant treatment failure in children presenting with malaria and prolonged seizures in Kampala, Uganda

Malaria Journal

Volumn 8, Issue 1, 2009, Pages

  Mpimbaza, Arthur ^a   Staedke, Sarah G ^b   Ndeezi, Grace ^a   Byarugaba, Justus ^a   Rosenthal, Philip J ^c  

^a MAKERERE UNIVERSITY   (Uganda)

^b LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DIAZEPAM; MIDAZOLAM; PLACEBO; ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT;

ARTICLE; BRAIN MALARIA; CHILD; CHILDHOOD DISEASE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; EPILEPTIC STATE; FEMALE; FOCAL EPILEPSY; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; INFANT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALARIA; MALE; PRESCHOOL CHILD; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RECURRENT DISEASE; RISK ASSESSMENT; SCHOOL CHILD; SEIZURE; TREATMENT FAILURE; UGANDA; RISK FACTOR;

ANTICONVULSANTS; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DIAZEPAM; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFANT; MALARIA; MALE; MIDAZOLAM; RISK FACTORS; SEIZURES; TREATMENT FAILURE; UGANDA;

EID: 67949085135     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14752875     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-8-145     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Epileptic seizures and malaria in Kenyan children. CM Waruiru CR Newton D Forster L New P Winstanley I Mwangi V Marsh M Winstanley RW Snow K Marsh, Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1996 90 152 155 10.1016/S0035-9203(96)90120-0 8761576 (Pubitemid 26141085)
2. Paediatric neurologic emergencies at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu. SO Iloeje, West Afr J Med 1997 16 80 84 9257541
3. Burden, features, and outcome of neurological involvement in acute falciparum malaria in Kenyan children. R Idro M Ndiritu B Ogutu S Mithwani K Maitland J Berkley J Crawley G Fegan E Bauni N Peshu K Marsh B Neville C Newton, Jama 2007 297 2232 2240 17519413 10.1001/jama.297.20.2232 (Pubitemid 47010881)
4. Comparison of buccal midazolam with rectal diazepam in the treatment of prolonged seizures in Ugandan children: a randomized clinical trial. A Mpimbaza G Ndeezi S Staedke PJ Rosenthal J Byarugaba, Pediatrics 2008 121 e58 64 10.1542/peds.2007-0930 18166545
5. The incidence, aetiology and outcome of acute seizures in children admitted to a rural Kenyan district hospital. R Idro S Gwer M Kahindi H Gatakaa T Kazungu M Ndiritu K Maitland BG Neville PA Kager CR Newton, BMC Pediatr 2008 8 5 18261215 10.1186/1471-2431-8-5
6. Research priorities in the management of severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children. R Idro S Aketch S Gwer CR Newton K Maitland, Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2006 100 95 108 10.1179/136485906X91459 16492357 (Pubitemid 43325851)
7. Clinical features and prognostic indicators in paediatric cerebral malaria: a study of 131 comatose Malawian children. ME Molyneux TE Taylor JJ Wirima A Borgstein, Q J Med 1989 71 441 459 2690177
8. The incidence and outcome of neurological abnormalities in childhood cerebral malaria: a long-term follow-up of 62 survivors. FS Bondi, Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1992 86 17 19 10.1016/0035-9203(92)90420-H 1566292
9. Neurological sequelae of cerebral malaria in children. DR Brewster D Kwiatkowski NJ White, Lancet 1990 336 039 1043 10.1016/0140-6736(90)92498-7 (Pubitemid 20366354)
10. Cognitive impairment after cerebral malaria in children: a prospective study. MJ Boivin P Bangirana J Byarugaba RO Opoka R Idro AM Jurek CC John, Pediatrics 2007 119 e360 366 10.1542/peds.2006-2027 17224457 (Pubitemid 46397732)
11. Increased prevalence of epilepsy associated with severe falciparum malaria in children. JA Carter BG Neville S White AJ Ross G Otieno N Mturi C Musumba CR Newton, Epilepsia 2004 45 978 981 10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.65103.x 15270766 (Pubitemid 39062823)
12. Severe falciparum malaria. World Health Organization, Communicable Diseases Cluster. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2000 94 Suppl 1 S1 90 11103309
13. Pharmacokinetics and anticonvulsant effects of diazepam in children with severe falciparum malaria and convulsions. BR Ogutu CR Newton J Crawley SN Muchohi GO Otieno G Edwards K Marsh GO Kokwaro, Br J Clin Pharmacol 2002 53 49 57 11849195 10.1046/j.0306-5251.2001.01529.x (Pubitemid 34117739)
14. Pathophysiology of severe malaria in children. K Maitland K Marsh, Acta Trop 2004 90 131 140 10.1016/j.actatropica.2003.11.010 15177139 (Pubitemid 38283762)
15. Pharmacological management of convulsive status epilepticus in children. RC Scott BG Neville, Dev Med Child Neurol 1999 41 207 210 10.1017/ S0012162299000407 10210254 (Pubitemid 29127092)
16. Respiratory depression in children receiving diazepam for acute seizures: a prospective study. E Norris O Marzouk A Nunn J McIntyre I Choonara, Dev Med Child Neurol 1999 41 340 343 10.1017/S0012162299000742 10378761 (Pubitemid 29209592)
17. Effect of phenobarbital on seizure frequency and mortality in childhood cerebral malaria: a randomised, controlled intervention study. J Crawley C Waruiru S Mithwani I Mwangi W Watkins D Ouma P Winstanley T Peto K Marsh, Lancet 2000 355 701 706 10.1016/S0140-6736(99)07148-2 10703801
18. Nasal benzodiazepines for management of acute childhood seizures? SJ Wallace, Lancet 1997 349 222 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)64856-8 9014904
19. Intranasal midazolam for premedication of children undergoing day-case anaesthesia: comparison of two delivery systems with assessment of intra-observer variability. N Griffith S Howell DG Mason, Br J Anaesth 1998 81 865 869 10211010
20. Buccal midazolam and rectal diazepam for treatment of prolonged seizures in childhood and adolescence: a randomised trial. RC Scott FM Besag BG Neville, Lancet 1999 353 623 626 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)06425-3 10030327 (Pubitemid 29087982)
21. Comparison of intranasal midazolam with intravenous diazepam for treating febrile seizures in children: prospective randomised study. E Lahat M Goldman J Barr T Bistritzer M Berkovitch, BMJ 2000 321 83 86 10884257 10.1136/bmj.321.7253.83
22. A comparison of buccal midazolam and rectal diazepam for the acute treatment of seizures. S Baysun OF Aydin E Atmaca YK Gurer, Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2005 44 771 776 16327963
23. Safety and efficacy of buccal midazolam versus rectal diazepam for emergency treatment of seizures in children: a randomised controlled trial. J McIntyre S Robertson E Norris R Appleton WP Whitehouse B Phillips T Martland K Berry J Collier S Smith I Choonara, Lancet 2005 366 205 210 10.1016/S0140- 6736(05)66909-7 16023510 (Pubitemid 40981047)
24. Stability of midazolam hydrochloride in syringes and i.v. fluids. YV Pramar VA Loucas A el-Rachidi, Am J Health Syst Pharm 1997 54 913 915 9114923
25. Stability of diazepam injection repackaged in glass unit-dose syringes. FM Smith NO Nuessle, Am J Hosp Pharm 1982 39 1687 1690 7148844
26. Prehospital stability of diazepam and lorazepam. MD Gottwald LC Akers PK Liu PJ Orsulak MD Corry P Bacchetti SM Fields DH Lowenstein BK Alldredge, Am J Emerg Med 1999 17 333 337 10.1016/S0735-6757(99)90079-7 10452426 (Pubitemid 29369811)
27. Pathophysiology of fatal falciparum malaria in African children. CR Newton TE Taylor RO Whitten, Am J Trop Med Hyg 1998 58 673 683 9598460
28. Practice parameter: diagnostic assessment of the child with status epilepticus (an evidence-based review): report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the Practice Committee of the Child Neurology Society. JJ Riviello Jr S Ashwal D Hirtz T Glauser K Ballaban-Gil K Kelley LD Morton S Phillips E Sloan S Shinnar, Neurology 2006 67 1542 1550 10.1212/01.wnl.0000243197.05519.3d 17101884 (Pubitemid 44747921)
29. Refractory status epilepticus: frequency, risk factors, and impact on outcome. SA Mayer J Claassen J Lokin F Mendelsohn LJ Dennis BF Fitzsimmons, Arch Neurol 2002 59 205 210 10.1001/archneur.59.2.205 11843690
30. Convulsions in childhood malaria. Y Wattanagoon S Srivilairit S Looareesuwan NJ White, Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1994 88 426 428 10.1016/0035-9203(94)90415-4 7570829 (Pubitemid 24264533)
31. Abnormal blood glucose concentrations on admission to a rural Kenyan district hospital: prevalence and outcome. FH Osier JA Berkley A Ross F Sanderson S Mohammed CR Newton, Arch Dis Child 2003 88 621 625 12818911 10.1136/adc.88.7.621 (Pubitemid 36783045)
32. Association of timing, duration, and intensity of hyperglycemia with intensive care unit mortality in critically ill children. V Srinivasan PC Spinella HR Drott CL Roth MA Helfaer V Nadkarni, Pediatr Crit Care Med 2004 5 329 336 10.1097/01.PCC.0000128607.68261.7C 15215001
33. Is hyperglycemia really harmful? A critical appraisal of "Persistent hyperglycemia in critically ill children" by Faustino and Apkon (J Pediatr 2005; 146:3034). MY Kong J Alten N Tofil, Pediatr Crit Care Med 2007 8 482 485 10.1097/01.PCC.0000282778.86088.9D 17693916 (Pubitemid 47415303)
34. Response to diazepam in children with malaria induced seizures. ML Ikumi SN Muchohi EO Ohuma GO Kokwaro CR Newton, Epilepsy Res 2008 82 215 218 18804958 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2008.08.002
35. Emergency department admission of children with unprovoked seizure: recurrence within 24 hours. Y Sogawa J Maytal, Pediatr Neurol 2006 35 98 101 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2006.01.007 16876004 (Pubitemid 44093979)