Radio imaging of the very-high-energy γ-ray emission region in the central engine of a radio galaxy

Science

Volumn 325, Issue 5939, 2009, Pages 444-468

  Acciari, V A ^a   Aliu, E ^b   Arlen, T ^c   Bautista, M ^d   Beilicke, M ^e   Benbow, W ^a   Bradbury, S M ^f   Buckley, J H ^e   Bugaev, V ^e   Butt, Y ^a   Byrum, K ^g   Cannon, A ^h   Celik, O ^c   Cesarini, A ⁱ   Chow, Y C ^c   Ciupik, L ^j   Cogan, P ^d   Cui, W ^k   Dickherber, R ^e   Fegan, S J ^c   Finley, J P ^k   Fortin, P ^l   Fortson, L ^j   Fumiss, A ^m   Gall, D ^k   Gillanders, G H ⁱ   Grube, J ^h   Guenette, R ^d   Gyuk, G ^j   Hanna, D ^d   Holder, J ^b   Horan, D ⁿ   Hui, C M ^o   Humensky, T B ^p   Imran, A ^q   Kaaret, P ^r   Karlsson, N ^j   Kieda, D ^o   Kildea, J ^a   Konopelko, A ^s   Krawczynski, H ^e   Krennrich, F ^q   Lang, M J ⁱ   LeBohec, S ^o   Maier, G ^d   McCann, A ^d   McCutcheon, M ^d   Millis, J ^t   Moriarty, P ^u   Ong, R A ^c   Otte, A N ^m   Pandel, D ^r   Perkins, J S ^a   Petry, D ^v   Pohl, M ^q   Quinn, J ^h   Ragan, K ^d   Reyes, L C ^w   Reynolds, P T ^x   Roache, E ^a   Rose, H J ^f   Schroedter, M ^a   Sembroski, G H ^q   Smith, A W ^k   Swordy, S P ^g   Theiling, M ^p   Toner, J A ^a   Varlotta, A ⁱ   Vincent, S ^k   Wakely, S P ^o   Ward, J E ^p   Weekes, T C ^h   Weinstein, A ^a   Williams, D A ^c   Wissel, S ^p   Wood, M ^c   Waiker, R C ^y   Davies, F ^y,z   Hardee, P E ^aa   Junor, W ^ab   Ly, C ^c   Aharonian, F ^ac,an   Akhperjanian, A G ^ad   Anton, G ^aq   De Almeida, U Barres ^aj   Bazer Bachi, A R ^ae   Becherini, Y ^am   Behera, B ^ao   Bemlohr K ^ac,ag   Bochow, A ^ac   Boisson, C ^ah   Bolmont, J ^at   Borrel, V ^ae   Brucker, J ^aq   Brun, F ^at   Brun, P ^ai   Buhler R ^ac   Bulik, T ^ay   Busching I ^ak   Boutelier, T ^ar   Chadwick, P M ^aj   Charbonnier, A ^at   Chaves, R C G ^ac   Cheesebrough, A ^aj   Chounet, L M ⁿ   Clapson, A C ^ac   Coignet, G ^al   Dalton, M ^ag   Daniel, M K ^aj   Davids, I D ^ac,aw   Degrange, B ⁿ   Deil, C ^ac   Dickinson, H J ^aj   Djannati Atai A ^am   Domainko, W ^ac   Drury, L O ^an   Dubois, F ^al   Dubus, G ^ar   Dyks, J ^ay   Dyrda, M ^bb   Egberts, K ^ac   Emmanoutopoulos, D ^ao   Espigat, P ^am   Famier, C ^ap   Feinstein, F ^ap   Fiasson, A ^ap   Forster A ^ac   Fontaine, G ⁿ   Fussling M ^ag   Gabici, S ^an   Gallant, Y A ^ap   Gerard L ^am   Gerbig, D ^av   Giebels, B ⁿ   Glicenstein, J F ^ai   Gluck B ^aq   Goret, P ^ai   Gohring D ^aq   Hauser, D ^ao   Hauser, M ^ao   Heinz, S ^aq   Heinzelmann, G ^af   Henri, G ^ar   Hermann, G ^ac   Hinton, J A ^f   Hoffmann, A ^as   Hofmann, W ^ac   Holleran, M ^ak   Hoppe, S ^av   Horns, D ^af   Jacholkowska, A ^at   De Jager, O C ^ak   Jahn, C ^aq   Jung, I ^aq   Katarzyriski, K ^ba   Katz, U ^ar   Kaufmann, S ^ao   Kendziorra, E ^as   Kerschhaggl, M ^ag   Khangulyan, D ^ac   Khelifi B ⁿ   Keogh, D ^bb   Kluzniak W ^ay   Kneiske, T ^af   Kbmin, Nu ^ai   Kosack, K ^ac   Lamanna, G ^al   Lenain, J P ^ah   Lohse, T ^ag   Marandon, V ^am   Martin, J M ^ah   Martineau Huynh, O ^at   Marcowith, A ^ap   Maurin, D ^at   McComb, T J L ^aj   Medina, M C ^ah   Moderski, R ^ay   Moulin, E ^ai   Naumann Godo, M ⁿ   De Naurois, M ^at   Nedbal, D ^au   Nekrassov, D ^ac   Nicholas, B ^az   Niemiec, J ^bb   Nolan, S J ^aj   Ohm, S ^ac   Olive, J F ^ae   De Ona Wilhelmi E ^am,bc   Orford, K J ^aj   Ostrowski, M ^ax   Panter, M ^ac   Paz Arribas, M ^ag   Pedaletti, G ^ao   Pelletier, G ^ar   Petrucci, P O ^ar   Pita, S ^am   Puhlhofer G ^ao   Punch, M ^am   Quirrenbach, A ^ao   Raubenheimer, B C ^ak   Raue, M ^ac,bc   Rayner, S M ^aj   Renaud, M ^ac,am   Rieger, F ^ac,bc   Ripken, J ^af   Rob, L ^au   Rosier Lees, S ^al   Rowell, G ^az   Rudak, B ^ay   Rulten, C B ^aj   Ruppel, J ^av   Sahakian, V ^ad   Santangelo, A ^as   Schlickeiser, R ^av   Schock, F M ^aq   Schroder R ^av   Schwanke, U ^ag   Schwarzburg, S ^as   Schwemmer, S ^ao   Shalchi, A ^av   Sikora, M ^m   Skilton, J L ^f   Sol, H ^ah   Spangler, D ^aj   Stawarz, L ^ax   Steenkamp, R ^aw   Stegmann, C ^aq   Stinzing, F ^aq   Superina, G ⁿ   Szostek, A ^ar,ax   Tam, P H ^ao   Tavemet, J P ^at   Terrier, R ^am   Tibolla, O ^ac,ao   Tluczykont, M ^af   Van Eldik, C ^ac   Vasileiadis, G ^ap   Venter, C ^ak   Venter, L ^ah   Vialle, J P ^al   Vincent, P ^at   Vivier, M ^ai   Volk, H J ^ac   Volpe, F ^n,ac,bc   Wagner, S J ^ao   Ward, M ^aj   Zdziarski, A A ^ay   Zech, A ^ah   Anderhub, H ^bd   Antonelli, L A ^be   Antoranz, P ^bf   Backes, M ^bg   Baixeras, C ^bh   Balestra, S ^bf   Barrio, J A ^bf   Bastieri, D ^bi   Becerra Gonzalez, J ^bj   Becker, J K ^bg   Bednarek, W ^bk   Berger, K ^bk   Bernardini, E ^bl   Biland, A ^bd   Bock, R K ^f,bm   Bonnoli, G ^bn   Bordas, P ^bo   Tridon, D Borla ^bm   Bosch Ramon, V ^bo   Bose, D ^bf   Braun, I ^bd   Bretz, T ^bp   Britvitch, I ^bd   Camara, M ^bf   Carmona, E ^bm   Commichau, S ^bd   Contreras, J L ^bf   Cortina, J ^bq   Costado, M T ^bj,br   Covino, S ^be   Curtef, V ^bg   Dazzi, F ^bs   De Angelis, A ^bs   De Cea Del Pozo, E ^bt   Mendez, C Delgado ^bj   De Los Reyes, R ^bf   De Lotto, B ^bs   De Maria, M ^bs   De Sabata, F ^bs   Dominguez, A ^bu   Dorner, D ^bd   Dora, M ^bi   Elsaesser, D ^bp   Errando, M ^bq   Ferenc, D ^bv   Fernandez E ^bq   Firpo, R ^bq   Fonseca, M V ^aw   Font, L ^bh   Galante, N ^bm   López, R J García ^bj,br   Garczarczyk, M ^bq   Gaug, M ^az   Goebel, F ^bm   Hadasch, D ^bh   Hayashida, M ^bm   Herrero, A ^bj,br   Hildebrand, D ^bd   Hohne Monch D ^bp   Hose, J ^bm   Hsu, C C ^bm   Jogler, T ^bm   Kranich, D ^bd   La Barbera, A ^be   Laille, A ^bv   Leonardo, E ^bn   Lindfors, E ^bw   Lombardi, S ^bi   Longo, F ^bs   Lopez M ^bi   Lorenz, E ^bd,bm   Majumdar, P ^bl   Maneva, G ^bx   Mankuzhiyil, N ^bs   Mannheim, K ^bp   Maraschi, L ^be   Mariotti, M ^bi   Martinez, M ^bq   Mazin, D ^bq   Meucci, M ^bn   Miranda, J M ^bf   Mirzoyan, R ^bm   Miyamoto, H ^bm   Moldon J ^bo   Moles, M ^bu   Moraleja, A ^bq   Nieto, D ^bf   Nilsson, K ^bw   Ninkovic, J ^bm   Oya, I ^bf   Paoletti, R ^bn   Paredes, J M ^bo   Pasanen, M ^bw   Pascoli, D ^bi   Pauss, F ^bd   Pegna, R G ^bn   Perez Torres, M A ^bu   Persic, M ^bs,by   Peruzzo, L ^f   Prada, F ^bu   Prandini, E ^bi   Puchades, N ^bq   Reichardt, I ^bq   Rhode, W ^bg   Ribo, M ^bo   Rico, J ^bq,bz   Rissi, M ^bd   Robert, A ^bh   Rugamer S ^bp   Saggion, A ^bi   Salto, T Y ^bm   Salvati, M ^be   Sanchez Conde, M ^bu   Satalecka, K ^bl   Scalzotto, V ^bi   Scapin, V ^bs   Schweizer, T ^bm   Shayduk, M ^bm   Shore, S N ^ca   Sidro, N ^bq   Sierpowska Bartosik, A ^bt   Sillanpaa A ^bw   Sitarek, J ^bk,bm   Sobczynska, D ^bk   Spanier, F ^bp   Stamerra, A ^bn   Stark, L S ^bd   Takalo, L ^bw   Tavecchio, F ^be   Temnikov, P ^bx   Tescaro, D ^bq   Teshima, M ^bm   Torres, D F ^bt,bz   Turini, N ^bn   Vankov, H ^bx   Wagner, R M ^bm   Zabalza, V ^bo   Zandanel, F ^bu   Zanin, R ^bq   Zapatera, J ^bh   more..

^a HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CENTER FOR ASTROPHYSICS   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^d MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^e WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS   (United Kingdom)

^g ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^h UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN   (Ireland)

ⁱ NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND   (Ireland)

^j ADLER PLANETARIUM   (United States)

^k PURDUE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^l Barnard College of Columbia University   (United States)

^m UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ   (United States)

ⁿ LABORATOIRE LEPRINCE RINGUET   (France)

^o UNIVERSITY OF UTAH   (United States)

^p UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO   (United States)

^q IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^r UNIVERSITY OF IOWA   (United States)

^s PITTSBURG STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^t ANDERSON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^u Atlantic Technological University Sligo   (Ireland)

^v EUROPEAN SOUTHERN OBSERVATORY   (Germany)

^w UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO   (United States)

^x Munster Technological University   (Ireland)

^y NATIONAL RADIO ASTRONOMY OBSERVATORY   (United States)

^z NEW MEXICO INSTITUTE OF MINING AND TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^aa UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA   (United States)

^ab LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^ac MAX PLANCK INSTITUT FÜR KERNPHYSIK   (Germany)

^ad YEREVAN PHYSICS INSTITUTE   (Armenia)

^ae CNRS   (France)

^af UNIVERSITY OF HAMBURG   (Germany)

^ag Université Paris Diderot ^*  (Germany)

^ah UNIVERSITÉ PARIS DIDEROT   (France)

^ai CEA SACLAY   (France)

^aj DURHAM UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^ak NORTH WEST UNIVERSITY   (South Africa)

^al CENTRE DE CALCUL DE L INSTITUT NATIONAL DE PHYSIQUE NUCLEAIRE ET DE PHYSIQUE DES PARTICULES   (France)

^am UNIVERSITÉ PARIS DIDEROT   (France)

^an DUBLIN INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES   (Ireland)

^ao UNIVERSITÄT HEIDELBERG   (Germany)

^ap UNIVERSITÉ MONTPELLIER II   (France)

^aq UNIVERSITY OF ERLANGEN NUREMBERG   (Germany)

^ar STATION DE RADIOASTRONOMIE DE NANÇAY   (France)

^as UNIVERSITY OF TÜBINGEN   (Germany)

^at UNIVERSITÉ PARIS DIDEROT   (France)

^au CHARLES UNIVERSITY   (Czech Republic)

^av RUHR UNIVERSITY BOCHUM   (Germany)

^aw UNIVERSITY OF NAMIBIA   (Namibia)

^ax JAGIELLONIAN UNIVERSITY   (Poland)

^ay NICOLAUS COPERNICUS ASTRONOMICAL CENTER   (Poland)

^az UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE   (Australia)

^ba NICOLAUS COPERNICUS UNIVERSITY   (Poland)

^bb Polska Akademia Nauk Oddzial w Krakowie   (Poland)

^bc European Associated Laboratory for Gamma Ray Astronomy   (Germany)

^bd ETH ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^be INAF OSSERVATORIO ASTROFISICO DI TORINO   (Italy)

^bf UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID   (Spain)

^bg TU DORTMUND UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^bh UNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA   (Spain)

^bi UNIVERSITY OF PADOVA   (Italy)

^bj INSTITUTO DE ASTROFÍSICA DE CANARIAS   (Spain)

^bk UNIVERSITY OF LODZ   (Poland)

^bl DESY   (Germany)

^bm MAX PLANCK INSTITUT FÜR PHYSIK   (Germany)

^bn UNIVERSITY OF SIENA   (Italy)

^bo UNIVERSITY OF BARCELONA   (Spain)

^bp UNIVERSITY OF WÜRZBURG   (Germany)

^bq BARCELONA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Spain)

^br UNIVERSIDAD DE LA LAGUNA   (Spain)

^bs UNIVERSITY OF UDINE   (Italy)

^bt CSIC   (Spain)

^bu INSTITUTO DE ASTROFÍSICA DE ANDALUCÍA CSIC   (Spain)

^bv UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^bw UNIVERSITY OF TURKU   (Finland)

^bx INSTITUTE FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH AND NUCLEAR ENERGY   (Bulgaria)

^by SEZIONE DI TRIESTE   (Italy)

^bz INSTITUCIÓ CATALANA DE RECERCA I ESTUDIS AVANÇATS ICREA   (Spain)

^ca UNIVERSITY OF PISA   (Italy)

more..

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCRETION; ELECTRON; EXTRATERRESTRIAL MATTER; GAMMA RAY RADIATION; IMAGING METHOD; PLASMA;

ACCELERATION; ARTICLE; COSMIC RADIATION; ELECTRIC POTENTIAL; ELECTRON; ENERGY; GAMMA RADIATION; IMAGING; NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

EID: 67749112002     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: 10959203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.1175406     Document Type: Article

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33. H.E.S.S.: We thank the Namibian authorities and the University of Namibia for support in facilitating the construction and operation of H.E.S.S. We also thank the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), the Max Planck Society, the French Ministry for Research, CNRS-IN2P3 and the Astroparticle Interdisciplinary Programme of CNRS, the U.K. Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), the Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics of the Charles University, the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, and the South African Department of Science and Technology and National Research Foundation for support. We appreciate the excellent work of the technical support staff in Berlin, Durham, Hamburg, Heidelberg, Palaiseau, Paris, and Saclay and also in Namibia in the construction and operation of the equipment. MAGIC: We thank the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias for the excellent working conditions at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos in La Palma, as well as the German BMBF and MPG, the Italian INFN and Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. This work was also supported by ETH research grant TH 34/043, the Polish MniSzW grant N N203 390834, and the Young Investigators Program of the Helmholtz Gemeinschaft. VERITAS: This research is supported by grants from the U.S. Department of Energy, NSF, the Smithsonian Institution, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Science Foundation Ireland, and the STFC in the U.K. We acknowledge the excellent work of the technical support staff at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory and the collaborating institutions in the construction and operation of the instrument. VLBA: The Very Long Baseline Array is operated by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, a facility of NSF, operated under cooperative-agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.