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1
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38149037272
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Breastfeeding HIV transmission and infant survival: Balancing pros and cons
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This paper provides theoretical arguments for the ostensibly counter-intuitive promotion of breastfeeding during a period of HIV/AIDS. It is a review of studies that allows a rational decision to be made, based on both maternal and infant benefits, for policy and practice on infant feeding choices during the HIV/AIDS era
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Coovadia H, Kindra G. Breastfeeding HIV transmission and infant survival: balancing pros and cons. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2008; 21:11-15. This paper provides theoretical arguments for the ostensibly counter-intuitive promotion of breastfeeding during a period of HIV/AIDS. It is a review of studies that allows a rational decision to be made, based on both maternal and infant benefits, for policy and practice on infant feeding choices during the HIV/AIDS era.
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(2008)
Curr Opin Infect Dis
, vol.21
, pp. 11-15
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Coovadia, H.1
Kindra, G.2
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2
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33846152316
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Balancing maternal and infant benefits and the consequences of breastfeeding in the developing world during the era of HIV infection
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Wilfert CM, Fowler MG. Balancing maternal and infant benefits and the consequences of breastfeeding in the developing world during the era of HIV infection. J Infect Dis 2006; 195:165-167.
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(2006)
J Infect Dis
, vol.195
, pp. 165-167
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Wilfert, C.M.1
Fowler, M.G.2
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3
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42649122991
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Estimating vertically acquired HIV infections and the impact of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission program in Zimbabwe: Insights from decision analysis models
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DOI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31816bcdbb
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Dube S, Boily MC, Mugurungi O, et al. Estimating vertically acquired HIV infections and the impact of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission program in Zimbabwe: insights from decision analysis models. JAIDS 2008; 48:72-81. This paper describes one of the very few studies on the effect of national progress in reducing the prevalence of HIV on mother-to-child- transmission of HIV. It shows that as efforts to decrease the burden of HIV infection in the population succeed, the lower prevalence in women of child-bearing age results in a fall in transmissions to infants. (Pubitemid 351600857)
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(2008)
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
, vol.48
, Issue.1
, pp. 72-81
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Dube, S.1
Boily, M.-C.2
Mugurungi, O.3
Mahomva, A.4
Chikhata, F.5
Gregson, S.6
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4
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4143124384
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Cost-effectiveness of nevirapine to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission in eight African countries
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DOI 10.1097/01.aids.0000131353.06784.8f
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Sweat MD, O'Reilly KR, Schmid GP, et al. Cost-effectiveness of nevirapine to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission in eight African countries. AIDS 2004; 18:1661-1671. (Pubitemid 39095783)
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(2004)
AIDS
, vol.18
, Issue.12
, pp. 1661-1671
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Sweat, M.D.1
O'Reilly, K.R.2
Schmid, G.P.3
Denison, J.4
De Zoysa, I.5
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6
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68049130311
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Breastfeeding in HIV-positive women: Do the benefits outweigh the risks? Editorial
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Coovadia H. Breastfeeding in HIV-positive women: do the benefits outweigh the risks? Editorial. Pediatr Health 2007; 1:3-8.
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(2007)
Pediatr Health
, vol.1
, pp. 3-8
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Coovadia, H.1
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7
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46949105035
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Effects of early, abrupt weaning on HIV-free survival of children in Zambia
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DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa073788
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Kuhn L, Aldrovandi GM, Sinkala M, et al. Effect of early, abrupt weaning for HIV-free survival of children in Zambia. N Engl J Med 2008; 359:130-141. A randomized trial to assess survival and measure transmission of HIV to breastfeeding infants, with counselling and support to HIV-infected pregnant women to wean abruptly or continue breastfeeding. An uncommon study of weaning in HIV-exposed babies. Results of exclusive breastfeeding on transmission and advantages of breastfeeding for infants who had acquired HIV through this route. (Pubitemid 351962036)
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(2008)
New England Journal of Medicine
, vol.359
, Issue.2
, pp. 130-141
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Kuhn, L.1
Aldrovandi, G.M.2
Sinkala, M.3
Kankasa, C.4
Semrau, K.5
Mwiya, M.6
Kasonde, P.7
Scott, N.8
Vwalika, C.9
Walter, J.10
Bulterys, M.11
Tsai, W.-Y.12
Thea, D.M.13
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9
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33747099592
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Breastfeeding plus infant zidovudine prophylaxis for 6 months vs formula feeding plus infant zidovudine for 1 month to reduce mother-to-child HIV transmission in Botswana - A randomized trial: The Mashi study
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DOI 10.1001/jama.296.7.794
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Thior I, Lockman S, Smeaton SM, et al. Breastfeeding plus infant zidovudine for 6 months vs formula feeding plus infant zidovudine for 1 month to reduce mother-to-child HIV transmission in Botswana: a randomized trial: The Mashi Study. JAMA 2006; 296:794-805. (Pubitemid 44223103)
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(2006)
Journal of the American Medical Association
, vol.296
, Issue.7
, pp. 794-805
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Thior, I.1
Lockman, S.2
Smeaton, L.M.3
Shapiro, R.L.4
Wester, C.5
Heymann, S.J.6
Gilbert, P.B.7
Stevens, L.8
Peter, T.9
Kim, S.10
Van Widenfelt, E.11
Moffat, C.12
Ndase, P.13
Arimi, P.14
Kebaabetswe, P.15
Mazonde, P.16
Makhema, J.17
McIntosh, K.18
Novitsky, V.19
Lee, T.-H.20
Marlink, R.21
Lagakos, S.22
Essex, M.23
more..
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10
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77649211938
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Extended-dose nevirapine to 6 weeks of age for infants to prevent HIV transmission via breastfeeding in Ethiopia, India, and Uganda: An analysis of three randomized controlled trials
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Six Week Extended Dose Nevirapine [SWEN] Study Team. The first randomized trial to demonstrate the efficacy of extending nevirapine in breastfeeding infants born to HIV-positive mothers beyond birth for 6 weeks. Significant decrease of MTCT at 6 weeks. Improved HIV-free survival of infants at 6 months
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Six Week Extended Dose Nevirapine [SWEN] Study Team. Extended-dose nevirapine to 6 weeks of age for infants to prevent HIV transmission via breastfeeding in Ethiopia, India, and Uganda: an analysis of three randomized controlled trials. Lancet. 2008; 372:300-313. The first randomized trial to demonstrate the efficacy of extending nevirapine in breastfeeding infants born to HIV-positive mothers beyond birth for 6 weeks. Significant decrease of MTCT at 6 weeks. Improved HIV-free survival of infants at 6 months.
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(2008)
Lancet
, vol.372
, pp. 300-313
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11
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46949108668
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Extended antiretroviral prophylaxis to reduce breast-milk HIV-1 transmission
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DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa0801941
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Kumwenda N, Hoover DR, Mofensen LM, et al. Extended antiretroviral prophylaxis to reduce breast-milk HIV-1 transmission. N Engl J Med 2008; 359:119-129. Similar to the SWEN study, but extended prophylactic infant nevirapine for14 weeks. MTCT of HIV-1 reduced at 9 months, and HIV free survival higher at 15 months. A clear demonstration that ARVs can reduce breastfeeding transmission. (Pubitemid 351962035)
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(2008)
New England Journal of Medicine
, vol.359
, Issue.2
, pp. 119-129
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Kumwenda, N.I.1
Hoover, D.R.2
Mofenson, L.M.3
Thigpen, M.C.4
Kafulafula, G.5
Li, Q.6
Mipando, L.7
Nkanaunena, K.8
Mebrahtu, T.9
Bulterys, M.10
Fowler, M.G.11
Taha, T.E.12
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12
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47049086842
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Prevention of mother-to-childtransmission of HIV-1 through breastfeeding by treating infants prophylactically with lamivudine in Dares Salaam, Tanzania. The Mitra Study
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An observational study showing that ARVs in infants can reduce breastfeeding transmission; in this study 3TC was used instead of nevirapine which was tested in other studies noted earlier
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Kilewo C, Karlsson K, Massawe A, et al. Prevention of mother-to-childtransmission of HIV-1 through breastfeeding by treating infants prophylactically with lamivudine in Dares Salaam, Tanzania. The Mitra Study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndrome 2008; 48:315-323. An observational study showing that ARVs in infants can reduce breastfeeding transmission; in this study 3TC was used instead of nevirapine which was tested in other studies noted earlier.
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(2008)
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndrome
, vol.48
, pp. 315-323
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Kilewo, C.1
Karlsson, K.2
Massawe, A.3
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13
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68049117637
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Emerging strategies to curb HIV transmission
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Abstract no.: TUAX101. An observational study from the same group as in Reference 12 indicating a profound reduction of transmission of HIV-1 to breastfeeding infants through maternal HAART
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Kilewo C, Karlsson K, Ngarina M, et al. Emerging strategies to curb HIV transmission. 4th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention, Sydney, Australia 2007; Abstract no.: TUAX101. www.ias2007.org. An observational study from the same group as in Reference 12 indicating a profound reduction of transmission of HIV-1 to breastfeeding infants through maternal HAART.
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4th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention, Sydney, Australia 2007
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Kilewo, C.1
Karlsson, K.2
Ngarina, M.3
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14
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84873072804
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Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 among breastfeeding mothers using HAART: The Kisumu Breastfeeding Study, Kisumu, Kenya, 2003-2007
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Abstract no.: As in reference no. 12, an observational single arm study showing the efficacy of maternal HAART in MTCT
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Thomas T, Masaba R, Ndivo R, et al. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 among breastfeeding mothers using HAART: The Kisumu Breastfeeding Study, Kisumu, Kenya, 2003-2007. 15th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Boston, Massachusetts, 2008. Abstract no.: 45aLB. http://www.retroconference.org/2008/. As in reference no. 12, an observational single arm study showing the efficacy of maternal HAART in MTCT.
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15th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Boston, Massachusetts, 2008
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Thomas, T.1
Masaba, R.2
Ndivo, R.3
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15
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80054886767
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AMATA study: Effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy in breastfeeding mothers to prevent postnatal vertical transmission in Rwanda. Thomas T, et al
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Abstract no.: TUAX102. As in the above references, the efficacy of maternal HAART in MTCT. Informative data on additional benefits on growth and nutrition of infants of maternal HAART prophylaxis
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Arendt V, Ndimubanzi P, Vyankandondera J, et al. AMATA study: effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy in breastfeeding mothers to prevent postnatal vertical transmission in Rwanda. Thomas T, et al. 4th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention, Sydney, Australia. 22-25 July, 2007; Abstract no.: TUAX102. www.ias2007.org. As in the above references, the efficacy of maternal HAART in MTCT. Informative data on additional benefits on growth and nutrition of infants of maternal HAART prophylaxis.
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4th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention, Sydney, Australia. 22-25 July, 2007
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Arendt, V.1
Ndimubanzi, P.2
Vyankandondera, J.3
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16
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34447315041
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Treatment acceleration program and the experience of the DREAM program in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV
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DOI 10.1097/01.aids.0000279708.09180.f5, PII 0000203020070700400009
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Palombi L, Marazzi MC, Voetberg A, et al. Treatment acceleration program and the experience of DREAM program in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. AIDS 2007; 21:S65-S71. As described earlier, this paper shows efficacy of maternal HAART for preventing transmission of HIV-1 from mothers to their breastfeeding infants. MTCT part of a broader development programme. (Pubitemid 47051751)
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(2007)
AIDS
, vol.21
, Issue.SUPPL. 4
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Palombi, L.1
Marazzi, M.C.2
Voetberg, A.3
Magid, N.A.4
Bartolo, M.5
Bestagini, P.6
Bortolot, G.7
Germano, P.8
San Lio, M.M.9
Tintisona, G.10
Buonomo, E.11
Doro-Altan, A.M.12
Liotta, G.13
Mancinelli, S.14
Scarcella, P.15
Guidotti, G.16
Nielsen-Saines, K.17
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17
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68049130310
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HIV-free survival at 12 months among children born to HIV-infected women receiving antiretrovirals from 34-to-36 weeks of pregnancy. WHO 2-Tier Approach: Kesho Boro Observational Cohort
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The Kesho Bora Study Group. Abstract no.: 638. Some preliminary results of a trial that investigated the maternal and infant outcomes of maternal HAART given either for the advanced stage of the pregnant women's HIV disease (i.e., for life), or for MTCT (i.e., short course, discontinue treatment on cessation of breastfeeding)
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de Vincenzi I and The Kesho Bora Study Group. HIV-free survival at 12 months among children born to HIV-infected women receiving antiretrovirals from 34-to-36 weeks of pregnancy. WHO 2-Tier Approach: Kesho Boro Observational Cohort. 15th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Boston, Massachusetts 2008. Abstract no.: 638. http://www.retroconference. org/2008/. Some preliminary results of a trial that investigated the maternal and infant outcomes of maternal HAART given either for the advanced stage of the pregnant women's HIV disease (i.e., for life), or for MTCT (i.e., short course, discontinue treatment on cessation of breastfeeding).
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15th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Boston, Massachusetts 2008
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De Vincenzi, I.1
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18
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51849085325
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Analysis of nevirapine (NVP) resistance in Ugandan infants who were HIV infected despite receiving single-Dose (SD) NVP plus daily NVP up to 6 weeks of age to prevent HIV vertical transmission
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Hundred per cent [7/7] resistance to nevirapine at 6 months among infants in the SWEN trial with prior exposure to extended doses of the drug; numbers of patients are small
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Church JD, Omer SB, Guay LA, et al. Analysis of nevirapine (NVP) resistance in Ugandan infants who were HIV infected despite receiving single-Dose (SD) NVP plus daily NVP up to 6 weeks of age to prevent HIV vertical transmission. J Infect Dis 2008; 198:1075-1082. Hundred per cent [7/7] resistance to nevirapine at 6 months among infants in the SWEN trial with prior exposure to extended doses of the drug; numbers of patients are small.
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(2008)
J Infect Dis
, vol.198
, pp. 1075-1082
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Church, J.D.1
Omer, S.B.2
Guay, L.A.3
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19
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Emergence of HIV-1 drug resistance among breastfeeding infants born to HIV-infected mothers taking antiretrovirals for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: The Kisumu Breastfeeding Study, Kenya
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Abstract no.: Maternal HAART for preventing MTCT of HIV-1 in breastfeeding infants in the KIBS study [see above] also causes resistance to ARVs used in prophylactic regimen
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Zeh C, Weidle P, Nafisa L, et al. Emergence of HIV-1 drug resistance among breastfeeding infants born to HIV-infected mothers taking antiretrovirals for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: The Kisumu Breastfeeding Study, Kenya. 15th Conference of Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Boston, Massachusetts. 2008; Abstract no.: 84LB. http://www.retroconference. org/2008/. Maternal HAART for preventing MTCT of HIV-1 in breastfeeding infants in the KIBS study [see above] also causes resistance to ARVs used in prophylactic regimen.
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15th Conference of Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Boston, Massachusetts. 2008
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Zeh, C.1
Weidle, P.2
Nafisa, L.3
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20
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33846156885
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Response to antiretroviral therapy after a single, peripartum dose of nevirapine
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DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa062876
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Lockman S, Shapiro RL, Smeaton LM, et al. Response to antiretroviral therapy after a single, peripartum dose of nevirapine. N Engl J Med 2007; 356:135-147. (Pubitemid 46089674)
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New England Journal of Medicine
, vol.356
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, pp. 135-147
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Lockman, S.1
Shapiro, R.L.2
Smeaton, L.M.3
Wester, C.4
Thior, I.5
Stevens, L.6
Chand, F.7
Makhema, J.8
Moffat, C.9
Asmelash, A.10
Ndase, P.11
Arimi, P.12
Van Widenfelt, E.13
Mazhani, L.14
Novitsky, V.15
Lagakos, S.16
Essex, M.17
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21
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Single-dose tenofovir and emtricitabine for reduction of viral resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor drugs in women given intrapartum nevirapine for perinatal HIV prevention: An open-label randomised trial
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DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61605-5, PII S0140673607616055
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Chi BH, Sinkala M, Mbewe F, et al. Single-dose tenofovir and emtricitabine for reduction of viral resistance to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor drugs in women given intrapartum nevirapine for perinatal HIV prevention; an open-label randomized trial. Lancet 2007; 370:1698-1705. (Pubitemid 350100773)
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Lancet
, vol.370
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, pp. 1698-1705
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Chi, B.H.1
Sinkala, M.2
Mbewe, F.3
Cantrell, R.A.4
Kruse, G.5
Chintu, N.6
Aldrovandi, G.M.7
Stringer, E.M.8
Kankasa, C.9
Safrit, J.T.10
Stringer, J.S.11
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48749127377
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WHO, UNAIDS, UNICEF. Data provided by countries. [Accessed 30 December 2008] Important global data on access to services for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. This paper makes the central point for the way forward: that is, accesses to health services, including those for MTCT, are woefully inadequate in many developing countries
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WHO, UNAIDS, UNICEF. Towards Universal Access: Scaling Up Priority HIV/AIDS Interventions in the Health Sector. Progress Report 2008. Data provided by countries. http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/2008progressreport/ en/index.html [Accessed 30 December 2008] Important global data on access to services for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. This paper makes the central point for the way forward: that is, accesses to health services, including those for MTCT, are woefully inadequate in many developing countries.
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Towards Universal Access: Scaling Up Priority HIV/AIDS Interventions in the Health Sector. Progress Report 2008
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68049126854
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PhD Thesis. Uppsala University. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis Uppsala, Sweden Multiple deficiencies in programmes for prevention of mother-to-child transmission in Africa. Identifies specific deficiencies that can be targeted for action within an overall improvement plan
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Chopra, M. Prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV in Africa. Operational research to reduce postnatal transmission and infant mortality. PhD Thesis. Uppsala University. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis Uppsala, Sweden 2008. Multiple deficiencies in programmes for prevention of mother-to-child transmission in Africa. Identifies specific deficiencies that can be targeted for action within an overall improvement plan.
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Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV in Africa. Operational Research to Reduce Postnatal Transmission and Infant Mortality
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Chopra, M.1
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Infant feeding in the time of HIV: Rapid assessment of infant feeding policy and programmes in four African countries scaling up prevention of mother to child transmission programmes
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Chopra M, Rollins N. Infant feeding in the time of HIV: rapid assessment of infant feeding policy and programmes in four African countries scaling up prevention of mother-to-child transmission programmes. Arch Dis Child 2008; 93:288-291. MTCT: infant feeding policies and programme deficiencies in Africa. (Pubitemid 352025824)
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Quality of antenatal and delivery care before and after the implementation of a prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programme in Côte d'Ivoire
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Experience in an African country of the advantages of integration of MTCT programmes
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Delvaux T, Konan JP, Ake-Tano O, et al. Quality of antenatal and delivery care before and after the implementation of a prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programme in Côte d'Ivoire. Trop Med Int Health 2008; 13:970-979. Experience in an African country of the advantages of integration of MTCT programmes.
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Delvaux, T.1
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Salomon JA, Hogan DR, Stover J, et al. Integrating HIV prevention and treatment: from slogans to impact. PLoS Medicine 2005; 2:e16. (Pubitemid 40412733)
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