Forest fragmentation relaxes natural nest predation in an Afromontane forest

Animal Conservation

Volumn 12, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 267-275

  Spanhove, Toon ^a,b   Lehouck, V ^a,b   Boets, P ^a   Lens, L ^a  

^a GHENT UNIVERSITY   (Belgium)

^b INSTITUTE OF PRIMATE RESEARCH   (Kenya)

Author keywords

Bird population; Habitat fragmentation; Inverse edge effect; Pogonocichla stellata; Taita Hills

Indexed keywords

ANTHROPOGENIC EFFECT; BIRD; BREEDING; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; HABITAT CONSERVATION; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; HABITAT RESTORATION; NEST PREDATION; POPULATION DYNAMICS;

AFRICA; COAST PROVINCE; EAST AFRICA; KENYA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; TAITA HILLS;

AVES; POGONOCICHLA STELLATA;

EID: 67651151653     PISSN: 13679430     EISSN: 14691795     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-1795.2009.00249.x     Document Type: Article

References (77)

1. Andrén, H. & Angelstam, P. (1988). Elevated predation rates as an edge effect in habitat islands - experimental-evidence. Ecology 69, 544-547.
2. Batáry, P. & Báldi, A. (2004). Evidence of an edge effect on avian nest success. Conserv. Biol. 18, 389-400.
3. Beentje, H.J. (1988). An ecological and floristic study of the forests of the Taita Hills, Kenya. Utafiti 1, 23-66.
4. Bennun, L. & Njoroge, P. (1999). Important bird areas in Kenya. Nairobi, Kenya: The East Africa Natural History Society.
5. Brooks, T., Lens, L., Barnes, J., Barnes, R., Kageche Kihuria, J. & Wilder, C. (1998). The conservation status of forest birds of the Taita Hills, Kenya. Bird Conserv. Int. 8, 119-139.
6. Bullock, J.M. (2006). Plants. In Ecological census techniques 2nd edn. A handbook: 186-213. Sutherland, W.J. (Ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
7. Burnham, K.P. & Anderson, D.R. (2002). Model selection and multimodel inference. A practical information-theoretic approach. 2nd edn. New York: Springer Science.
8. Cantrell, R.S. & Cosner, C. (1993). Should a park be an island. SIAM J. Appl. Math. 53, 219-252.
9. Carlson, A. & Hartman, G. (2001). Tropical forest fragmentation and nest predation - an experimental study in an Eastern Arc montane forest, Tanzania. Biodivers. Conserv. 10, 1077-1085.
10. Clark, M.E. & Martin, T.E. (2007). Modelling tradeoffs in avian life history traits and consequences for population growth. Ecol. Model. 209, 110-120.
11. Dall'Asta, U. (2004). Moths and conservation values in East Africa: Noctuidae of the Taita Hills, Kenya. J. Insect Conserv. 8, 191-198.
12. Eggers, S., Griesser, M., Andersson, T. & Ekman, J. (2005). Nest predation and habitat change interact to influence Siberian jay numbers. Oikos 111, 150-158.
13. Environmental Systems Research Institute. (1992-1998). ArcView GIS version 3.1. Redlands, CA: Environmental Systems Research Institute.
14. Fuiman, L.A. & Magurran, A.E. (1994). Development of predator defenses in fishes. Rev. Fish Biol. Fisher. 4, 145-183.
15. Galbusera, P., Githiru, M., Lens, L. & Matthysen, E. (2004). Genetic equilibrium despite habitat fragmentation in an Afrotropical bird. Mol. Ecol. 13, 1409-1421.
16. Gates, J.E. & Gysel, L.W. (1978). Avian nest dispersion and fledging success in field-forest ecotones. Ecology 59, 871-883.
17. Githiru, M., Lens, L. & Bennun, L. (2007). Ranging behaviour and habitat use by an Afrotropical songbird in a fragmented landscape. Afr. J. Ecol. 45, 581-589.
18. Githiru, M., Lens, L. & Cresswell, W. (2005). Nest predation in a fragmented Afrotropical forest: Evidence from natural and artificial nests. Biol. Conserv. 123, 189-196.
19. Gomez-Mestre, I. & Warkentin, K.M. (2007). To hatch and hatch not: similar selective trade-offs but different responses to egg predators in two closely related, syntopic treefrogs. Oecologia 153, 197-206.
20. Hanson, T.R., Newmark, W.D. & Stanley, W.T. (2007). Forest fragmentation and predation on artificial nests in the Usambara mountains, Tanzania. Afr. J. Ecol. 45, 499-507.
21. Hartley, M.J. (2002). Rationale and methods for conserving biodiversity in plantation forests. Forest Ecol. Mgmt. 155, 81-95.
22. Hartley, M.J. & Hunter, M.L. (1998). A meta-analysis of forest cover, edge effects, and artificial nest predation rates. Conserv. Biol. 12, 465-469.
23. Haskell, D.G. (1995a). Forest fragmentation and nest predation: Are experiments with Japanese quail eggs misleading? Auk 112, 767-770.
24. Haskell, D.G. (1995b). A reevaluation of the effects of forest fragmentation on rates of bird-nest predation. Conserv. Biol. 9, 1316-1318.
25. Hazler, K.R. (2004). Mayfield logistic regression: A practical approach for analysis of nest survival. Auk 121, 707-716.
26. Hosmer, D.W. & Lemeshow, S. (2000). Applied logistic regression. 2nd edn. Hoboken, NJ: John Willey & Sons.
27. Hurvich, C.M. & Tsai, C.L. (1989). Regression and time-series model selection in small samples. Biometrika 76, 297-307.
28. International Union for Conservation of Nature. (2008). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Available at http://www.iucnredlist.org (accessed on 24December 2008).
29. Jenness, J. (2007). Nearest feature v 3.8b. Flagstaff, AZ: Jenness Enterprise.
30. Kenward, M.G. & Roger, J.H. (1997). Small sample inference for fixed effects from restricted maximum likelihood. Biometrics 53, 983-997.
31. Kvarnbäck, J., Bertsch, C. & Barreto, G.R. (2008). Nest site selection and nesting success of the yellow-knobbed curassow (Crax daubentoni) in a fragmented landscape in the Venezuelan Llanos. Ornitol. Neotrop. 19, 347-352.
32. Lahti, D.C. (2001). The "edge effect on nest predation" hypothesis after twenty years. Biol. Conserv. 99, 365-374.
33. Lewis, K.P. (2004). How important is the statistical approach for analyzing categorical data? A critique using artificial nests. Oikos 104, 305-315.
34. Maina, G.G. & Jackson, W.M. (2003). Effects of fragmentation on artificial nest predation in a tropical forest in Kenya. Biol. Conserv. 111, 161-169.
35. Malonza, K. (2001). A survey of the amphibians and reptiles of the Taita Hills. In Taita Hills biodiversity project report: 91-96. Bytebier, B. (Ed.). Nairobi: National Museums of Kenya.
36. Manolis, J.C., Andersen, D.E. & Cuthbert, F.J. (2000). Uncertain nest fates in songbird studies and variation in Mayfield estimation. Auk 117, 615-626.
37. Marchand, M.A., Litvaitis, J.A., Maier, T.J. & Degraaf R, M. (2002). Use of artificial nests to investigate predation on freshwater turtle nests. Wildl. Soc. B 30, 1092-1098.
38. Martin, T.E. & Clobert, J. (1996). Nest predation and avian life-history evolution in Europe versus North America: A possible role of humans? Am. Nat. 147, 1028-1046.
39. Martin, T.E., Scott, J. & Menge, C. (2000). Nest predation increases with parental activity: Separating nest site and parental activity effects. Proc. Roy. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 267, 2287-2293.
40. Mayfield, H. (1961). Nesting success calculated from exposure. Wilson Bull. 73, 255-261.
41. Mazgajski, T.D. & Rejt, L. (2005). Forest fragment size affects edge effect in nest predation - experiment with artificial nests. Pol. J. Ecol. 53, 233-242.
42. McCune, B. & Mefford, M.J. (1999). PC-ORD. Multivariate analysis of ecological data. Version 4.41. Gleneden Beach, OR: MjM Software.
43. Mittermeier, R.A., Gil, P.R., Hoffman, M., Pilgrim, J., Brooks, T., Mittermeier, C.G., Lamoreux, J. & da Fonseca, GAB (2005). Hotspots revisited: Earth's biologically richest and most endangered terrestrial ecoregions. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
44. Montgomerie, R.D. & Weatherhead, P.J. (1988). Risks and rewards of nest defence by parent birds. Q. Rev. Biol. 63, 167-187.
45. Moore, R.P. & Robinson, W.D. (2004). Artificial bird nests, external validity, and bias in ecological field studies. Ecology 85, 1562-1567.
46. Morton, E.S. (1971). Nest predation affecting breeding season of clay-colored robin, a tropical song bird. Science 171, 920-921.
47. Myers, N., Mittermeier, R.A., Mittermeier, C.G., Da Fonseca, G.A.B. & Kent, J. (2000). Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403, 853-858.
48. Newmark, W.D. (2001). Tanzanian forest edge microclimatic gradients: dynamic patterns. Biotropica 33, 2-11.
49. Newton, I. (2004). The recent declines of farmland bird populations in Britain: An appraisal of causal factors and conservation actions. Ibis 146, 579-600.
50. Nolan, V. (1963). Reproductive success of birds in a deciduous scrub habitat. Ecology 44, 305-313.
51. Oatley, T.B. (1982a). The starred robin in Natal, Part 1: Behaviour, territory and habitat. Ostrich 53, 135-146.
52. Oatley, T.B. (1982b). The starred robin in Natal, part 3: Breeding, population and plumages. Ostrich 53, 206-221.
53. Oatley, T.B., Fry, C.H., Keith, S. & Tye, A. (1992). Pogonocichla. In The birds of Africa. Vol. IV: 387-390. Keith, S., Urban, E.K. & Fry, C.H. (Eds). San Diego: Academic Press.
54. Oguge, N.O. (2001). Mammalogical research. In Taita Hills biodiversity project report: 49-57. Bytebier, B. (Ed.). Nairobi: National Museums of Kenya.
55. Paton, P.W.C. (1994). The effect of edge on avian nest success - how strong is the evidence. Conserv. Biol. 8, 17-26.
56. Pearson, D. (1997). Phylloscopus. In The birds of Africa. Vol. V: 355-356. Urban, E.K., Fry, C.H. & Keith, S. (Eds). San Diego: Academic Press.
57. Plissner, J.H. & Gowaty, P.A. (1996). Patterns of natal dispersal, turnover and dispersal costs in Eastern Bluebirds. Anim. Behav. 51, 1307-1322.
58. Rice, W.R. & Gaines, S.D. (1994). Extending nondirectional heterogeneity tests to evaluate simply ordered alternative hypotheses. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 225-226.
59. Robinson, S.K., Thompson, F.R., Donovan, T.M., Whitehead, D.R. & Faaborg, J. (1995). Regional forest fragmentation and the nesting success of migratory birds. Science 267, 1987-1990.
60. Robinson, W.D., Robinson, T.R., Robinson, S.K. & Brawn, J.D. (2000). Nesting success of understory forest birds in central Panama. J. Avian Biol. 31, 151-164.
61. Ryder, T.B., Duraes, R., Tori, W.P., Hidalgo, J.R., Loiselle, B.A. & Blake, J.G. (2008). Nest survival for two species of manakins (Pipridae) in lowland Ecuador. J. Avian Biol. 39, 355-358.
62. SAS Institute. (2002-2003). SAS v. 9.1.3. Cary, NC: SAS Institute.
63. SAS Institute. (2008). SAS/STAT 9.2 user's guide. Cary, NC: SAS Institute.
64. Small, M.F. & Hunter, M.L. (1988). Forest fragmentation and avian nest predation in forested landscapes. Oecologia 76, 62-64.
65. Spanhove, T. & Lehouck, V. (2009). Don't miss the invasions! A note on forest health monitoring in the Taita Hills, Kenya. J. East Afr. Nat. Hist 98, in press.
66. Stephens, S.E., Koons, D.N., Rotella, J.J. & Willey, D.W. (2004). Effects of habitat fragmentation on avian nesting success: A review of the evidence at multiple spatial scales. Biol. Conserv. 115, 101-110.
67. Stratford, J.A. & Robinson, W.D. (2005). Gulliver travels to the fragmented tropics: Geographic variation in mechanisms of avian extinction. Front. Ecol. Environ. 3, 91-98.
68. Stutchbury, B.J.M. & Morton, E.S. (2001). Behavioral ecology of tropical birds. London: Academic Press.
69. Tewksbury, J.J., Garner, L., Garner, S., Lloyd, J.D., Saab, V. & Martin, T.E. (2006). Tests of landscape influence: Nest predation and brood parasitism in fragmented ecosystems. Ecology 87, 759-768.
70. Tewksbury, J.J., Hejl, S.J. & Martin, T.E. (1998). Breeding productivity does not decline with increasing fragmentation in a western landscape. Ecology 79, 2890-2903.
71. Thompson, F.R. (2007). Factors affecting nest predation on forest songbirds in North America. Ibis 149, 98-109.
72. Umetsu, F. & Pardini, R. (2007). Small mammals in a mosaic of forest remnants and anthropogenic habitats: Evaluating matrix quality in an Atlantic forest landscape. Landsc. Ecol. 22, 517-530.
73. Waser, P.M. (1985). Does competition drive dispersal. Ecology 66, 1170-1175.
74. Weidinger, K. (2006). Validating the use of temperature data loggers to measure survival of songbird nests. J. Field Ornithol. 77, 357-364.
75. Willebrand, T. & Marcström, V. (1988). On the danger of using dummy nests to study predation. Auk 105, 378-379.
76. Zanette, L. (2002). What do artificial nests tells us about nest predation? Biol. Conserv. 103, 323-329.
77. Zimmerman, D.A., Turner, D.A. & Pearson, D.J. (1996). Birds of Kenya and northern Tanzania. London: Christopher Helm.