Is there a glass ceiling in Morocco? Evidence from matched worker - Firm data

Journal of African Economies

Volumn 18, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 592-633

  Nordman, Christophe J ^a   Wolff, François Charles ^b  

^a INSTITUT DE RECHERCHE POUR LE DÉVELOPPEMENT   (France)

^b UNIVERSITÉ DE NANTES   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DATA SET; DEVELOPING WORLD; EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS; GENDER IDENTITY; GENDER ISSUE; INCOME DISTRIBUTION; INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE; MANUFACTURING; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; WAGE GAP; WORKING CONDITIONS;

AFRICA; MOROCCO; NORTH AFRICA;

EID: 67651083293     PISSN: 09638024     EISSN: 14643723     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jae/ejn029     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Agenor, P.-R. and K. El Aynaoui (2003) Labor Market Policies and Unemployment in Morocco, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3091, The World Bank.
2. Albrecht, J., A. Björklund and S. Vroman (2003) 'Is There a Glass Ceiling in Sweden?', Journal of Labor Economics, 21: 145-77.
3. Albrecht, J., A. van Vuuren and S. Vroman (2007) Counterfactual Distributions with Sample Selection Adjustments: Econometric Theory and an Application to the Netherlands, mimeo, Georgetown University.
4. Altonji, J. G. and R. M. Blank (1999) 'Race and gender in the labor market', in O. C. Ashenfelter and D. Card (eds), Handbook of Labor Economics, vol. 3C, chapter 48. Oxford: Elsevier North Holland, pp. 3143-258.
5. Appleton, S., J. Hoddinott and P. Krishnan (1999) 'The Gender Wage Gap in Three African Countries', Economic Development and Cultural Change 47: 289-312.
6. Arulampalam, W., A. L. Booth and M. L. Bryan (2007) 'Is There a Glass Ceiling Over Europe? Exploring the Gender Pay Gap Across the Wage Distribution', Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 60: 163-86.
7. Barnet-Verzat, C. and F. C. Wolff (2008) 'Gender Wage Gap and the Glass Ceiling Effect: A Firm-level Investigation', International Journal of Manpower, 29(6): 486-502.
8. Becker, G. S. (1971) The Economics of Discrimination. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
9. Benhayoun, G., S. Bazen, Y. Lazzeri, E. Moustier and P. Guillaumet (2001) Le Salaire Minimum au Maroc, Unpublished. Ministère de l'Emploi, de la Formation Professionnelle, du Développement Social et de la Solidarité, July.
10. Buchinsky, M. (1998) 'Recent Advances in Quantile Regression Models: A Practical Guideline for Empirical Research', Journal of Human Resources, 33: 88-126.
11. Clerides, S. K., S. Lach and J. R. Tybout (1998) 'Is Learning by Exporting Important? Micro-dynamic Evidence from Columbia, Mexico, and Morocco', Quarterly Journal of Economics, 113: 903-47.
12. Cling, J.-P., M. Razafindrakoto and F. Roubaud (2003) New International Poverty Reduction Strategies. London/New York: Routledge.
13. Datta Gupta, N., R. L. Oaxaca and N. Smith (2006) 'Swimming Upstream, Floating Downstream: Comparing Women's Relative Wage Positions in the US and Denmark', Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 59: 243-66.
14. De la Rica, S., J. J. Dolado and S. Llorens (2008) 'Ceiling or Floors? Gender Wage Gaps by Education in Spain', Journal of Population Economics, 21(3): 751-76.
15. Dimova, R., C. J. Nordman and F. Roubaud (2008) Allocation of Labour in Urban West Africa: Implication for Development Policies, IZA Discussion Paper 3558.
16. Fafchamps, M., M. Söderbom and N. Benhassine (2006) Wage Gaps and Job Sorting in African Manufacturing, CEPR Discussion Paper 6003.
17. Fitzenberger, B. and G.Wunderlich (2002) 'GenderWage Differences in West Germany: A Cohort Analysis', German Economic Review, 3: 379-414.
18. Gardeazabal, J. and A. Ugidos (2005) 'Gender Wage Discrimination at Quantiles', Journal of Population Economics, 18: 165-79.
19. Grout, P. A., I.-U. Park and S. Sonderegger (2007) An Economic Theory of the Glass Ceiling, CMPO Working Paper 07/183, University of Bristol.
20. Hellerstein, J., D. Neumark and K. Troske (2002) 'Market Forces and Sex Discrimination', Journal of Human Resources, 37: 353-80.
21. Jellal, M., C. J. Nordman and F. C.Wolff (2006) Theory and Evidence on the Glass Ceiling Effect Using Matched Worker-Firm Data, DIAL Working Paper DT/2006/03, DIAL.
22. Jellal, M., C. J. Nordman and F. C. Wolff (2008) 'Evidence on the Glass Ceiling in France Using Matched Worker-Firm Data', Applied Economics 40: 3233-50.
23. Koenker, R. (2004) 'Quantile Regressions for Longitudinal Data', Journal of Multivariate Analysis, 91: 74-89.
24. Koenker, R. and G. Bassett (1978) 'Regression Quantiles', Econometrica, 46: 33-50.
25. Kuepie, M., C. J. Nordman and F. Roubaud (2009) 'Education and Earnings in Urban West Africa', Journal of Comparative Economics, 37 (2), (in press).
26. Lane, J., G. Hakim and J. Miranda (1999) 'Labor Market Analysis and Public Policy: The Case of Morocco', World Bank Economic Review, 13: 561-78.
27. Machado, J. A. and J. Mata (2001) 'Earning Functions in Portugal 1982-1984: Evidence from Quantile Regressions', Empirical Economics 26: 115-34.
28. Machado, J. A. and J. Mata (2005) 'Counterfactual Decomposition of Changes in Wage Distributions Using Quantile Regression', Journal of Applied Econometrics, 20: 445-65.
29. Maddala, G. S. (1977) Econometrics, New York: McGraw-Hill.
30. Mairesse, J. and N. Greenan (1999) Using Employee Level Data in a Firm Level Econometric Study, NBER Working Paper 7028.
31. Meng, X. (2004) 'Gender Earnings Gap: The Role of Firm Specific Effects', Labour Economics, 11: 555-73.
32. Meng, X. and D. Meurs (2004) 'The Gender Earnings Gap: Effects of Institutions and Firms. A Comparative Study of French and Australian Private Firms', Oxford Economic Papers, 56: 189-208.
33. Montenegro, C. (2001) Wage Distribution in Chile: Does Gender Matter? A Quantile Regression Approach, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 20, The World Bank.
34. Mwabu, G. and T. P. Schultz (1996) 'Education Returns across Quantiles of the Wage Function', American Economic Review, 86: 335-39.
35. Nordman, C. J. and F. Roubaud (2009) 'Reassessing the Gender Wage Gap in Madagascar: Does Labor Force Attachment Really Matter?', Economic Development and Cultural Change, (in press).
36. Nordman, C. J. and F. C. Wolff (2009) 'Islands through the glass ceiling? Evidence of gender wage gaps in Madagascar and Mauritius', in R. Kanbur and J. Svejnar (eds), Labour Markets and Economic Development, chapter 25. Oxford: Routledge.
37. Oaxaca, R. and M. Ramson (1994) 'On Discrimination and the Decomposition of Wage Differentials', Journal of Econometrics, 61: 5-21.
38. Reimers, C. W. (1983) 'Labor market discrimination against Hispanic and Black men', Review of Economics and Statistics, 65: 570-79.
39. Saïd, M. (2003) The Distribution of Gender and Public Pay Sector Premia: Evidence from the Egyptian Organized Sector, School of Oriental and African Studies Working Paper 132, University of London.
40. Söderbom, M., F. Teal, A. Wambugu and G. Kahyarara (2006) 'Dynamics of Returns to Education in Kenyan and Tanzanian Manufacturing', Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 68: 261-88.
41. Weichselbaumer, D. and R. Winter-Ebmer (2005) 'A Meta-analysis of the International Gender Wage Gap', Journal of Economic Surveys, 19: 479-511.
42. e siècle: Renforcement du secteur privé au Maroc, Report 11894-MOR, Washington.
43. World Bank (2001), Kingdom of Morocco: Poverty Update, vol. I, Main Report, Report 215-MOR, March 30, Washington.
44. World Bank (2002), Moroccan Manufacturing Sector at the Turn of the Century, FACS-Morocco, Joint Project of the Ministère de l'Industrie, du Commerce, de l'Energie et des Mines du Maroc and The World Bank.