A bag of strings representation for image categorization

Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision

Volumn 35, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 51-67

  Ros, Julien ^a   Laurent, Christophe ^b   Jolion, Jean Michel ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE LYON   (France)

^b ORANGE LABS   (France)

Author keywords

Image categorization; Local description; Self organizing map for structured data; String representation; Support vector machines

Indexed keywords

ARCHITECTURE; CONFORMAL MAPPING; IMAGE SEGMENTATION; IMAGING SYSTEMS; OBJECT RECOGNITION; SELF ORGANIZING MAPS; SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES;

COMPACT REPRESENTATION; IMAGE CATEGORIZATION; LOCAL DESCRIPTION; SPATIAL REPRESENTATIONS; STRING REPRESENTATION; STRUCTURED DATA; SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE CLASSIFIERS; VISUAL OBJECT RECOGNITION;

CLASSIFICATION (OF INFORMATION);

EID: 67651064653     PISSN: 09249907     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10851-009-0154-1     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. S. Agarwal A. Awan 2004 Learning to detect objects in images via a sparse, part-based representation IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 26 11 1475 1490 (Pubitemid 40168024)
2. I. Bierderman 1987 Recognition-by-components: a theory of human image understanding Psychol. Rev. 94 2 115 147
3. Bres, S., Jolion, J.-M.: Detection of interest points for image indexation. In: VISUAL'99: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Visual Information and Information Systems, pp. 427-434. Springer, Berlin (1999)
4. Burl, M.C., Perona, P.: Recognition of planar object classes. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 223-230, June 1996
5. Bouchard, G., Triggs, B.: Hierarchical part-based visual object categorization. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, vol. 1, pp. 710-715, 2005 (Pubitemid 43897264)
6. Csurka, G., Bray, C., Dance, C., Fan, L.: Visual categorization with bags of keypoints. In: The 8th European Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 327-334, Prague, Czech Republic, May 2004
7. G.J. Chappell J.G. Taylor 1993 The temporal Kohonen map Neural Netw. 6 3 441 445
8. Duda, R.O., Hart, P.E., Stork, D.G.: Pattern Classification, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York (2001)
9. Deselaers, T., Keysers, D., Ney, H.: Features for image retrieval-a quantitative comparison. In: DAGM'04: 26th Pattern Recognition Symposium, Tübingen, Germany, September 2004
10. Everingham, M., Zisserman, A., Williams, C., Van Gool, L., Allan, M., Bishop, C., Chapelle, O., Dalal, N., Deselaers, T., Dorko, G., Duffner, S., Eichhorn, J., Farquhar, J., Fritz, M., Garcia, C., Griffiths, T., Jurie, F., Keysers, D., Koskela, M., Laaksonen, J., Larlus, D., Leibe, B., Meng, H., Ney, H., Schiele, B., Schmid, C., Seemann, E., Shawe-Taylor, J., Storkey, A., Szedmak, S., Triggs, B., Ulusoy, I., Viitaniemi, V., Zhang, J.: The 2005 PASCAL visual object classes challenge. In: The First PASCAL Challenges Workshop, 2006
11. V. Ferrari L. Fevrier F. Jurie C. Schmid 2008 Groups of adjacent contour segments for object detection IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 30 1 36 51 (Pubitemid 350168354)
12. L. Fei-Fei R. Fergus P. Perona 2006 One-shot learning of object categories IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 28 4 594 611 (Pubitemid 43264657)
13. Fergus, R., Fei-Fei, L., Perona, P., Zisserman, A.: Learning object categories from Google's image search. In: International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 1816-1823, Beijing, China, October 2005 (Pubitemid 44042397)
14. Fei-Fei, L., Perona, P.: A Bayesian hierarchical model for learning natural scene categories. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, vol. 2, pp. 524-531, San Diego, USA, June 2005
15. Fergus, R., Perona, P., Zisserman, A.: Object class recognition by unsupervised scale-invariant learning. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, vol. 2, pp. 264-271, 2003
16. Fergus, R., Perona, P., Zisserman, A.: A sparse object category model for efficient learning and exhaustive recognition. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, vol. 1, pp. 380-387, 2005 (Pubitemid 41275967)
17. Gouet, V., Boujemaa, N.: Object-based queries using color points of interest. In: IEEE Workshop on Content-Based Access of Image and Video Libraries (CBAIVL 2001), pp. 30-36, Kauai, Hawaii, USA, 2001
18. B. Hammer A. Micheli M. Strickert A. Sperduti 2004 A general framework for unsupervised processing of structured data Neurocomputing 57 3 35 (Pubitemid 38351859)
19. Harris, C., Stephens, M.: A combined corner and edge detector. In: Proceedings of The Fourth Alvey Vision Conference, pp. 147-151, Manchester, England, 1988
20. M. Hagenbuchner A. Sperduti A.C. Tsoi 2003 A self-organizing map for adaptive processing of structured data IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. 14 3 491 505
21. Hagenbuchner, M., Tsoi, A.C.: A supervised self-organizing map for structures. In: IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, vol. 3, pp. 1923-1928, July 2004 (Pubitemid 40006552)
22. M. Hagenbuchner A.C. Tsoi 2005 A supervised training algorithm for self-organizing maps for structures Pattern Recogn. Lett. 26 12 1874 1884 (Pubitemid 41049662)
23. Hagenbuchner, M., Tsoi, A.C., Sperduti, A.: A supervised self-organizing map for structured data. In: WSOM 2001-Advances in Self-Organising Maps, pp. 21-28, June 2001
24. Jolion, J.M., Simand, I.: Représentation d'images par des chaînes de symboles: application la recherche par le contenu. In: 20e Colloque GRETSI sur le Traitement du Signal et des Images, vol. 1, pp. 18-32, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgique, September 2005
25. Jurie, F., Triggs, B.: Creating efficient codebooks for visual recognition. In: International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 604-610, Beijing, China, 2005 (Pubitemid 44055011)
26. Koskela, T., Varsta, M., Heikkonen, J., Kaski, K.: Temporal sequence processing using recurrent SOM. In: KES'98, 2nd International Conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Engineering Systems, vol. 1, pp. 290-297, Adelaide, Australia, April 1998
27. C. Laurent N. Laurent M. Maurizot T. Dorval 2006 In depth analysis and evaluation of saliency-based color image indexing methods using wavelet salient features Multimedia Tools Appl. 31 1 73 94 (Pubitemid 44521537)
28. D.G. Lowe 2004 Distinctive image features from scale-invariant keypoints Int. J. Comput. Vision 60 2 91 110
29. Leibe, B., Schiele, B.: Scale invariant object categorization using a scale-adaptive mean-shift search. In: DAGM'04: 26th Pattern Recognition Symposium, pp. 145-153, Tübingen, Germany, August 2004
30. Loupias, E., Sebe, N., Bres, S., Jolion, J.-M.: Wavelet-based salient points for image retrieval. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Image Processing, vol. 2, pp. 518-521, October 2000 (Pubitemid 32465677)
31. Lazebnik, S., Schmid, C., Ponce, J.: A maximum entropy framework for part-based texture and object recognition. In: IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, vol. 1, pp. 832-838, Beijing, China, October 2005 (Pubitemid 44055041)
32. Lazebnik, S., Schmid, C., Ponce, J.: Beyond bags of features: spatial pyramid matching for recognizing natural scene categories. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, vol. 2, pp. 2169-2178, New York, USA, June 2006 (Pubitemid 44931582)
33. J. Li J.Z. Wang 2008 Real-time computerized annotation of pictures IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 30 6 985 1002 (Pubitemid 351650103)
34. Lyu, S.: Mercer kernels for object recognition with local features. In: International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, vol. 2, pp. 223-229, San Diego, CA, USA, June 2005
35. S. Mallat 2003 Foveal approximations for singularities Appl. Comput. Harmon. Anal. 14 2 133 180
36. Marcel, M., Cattoen, M.: Détection de contours et de lignes dans les procédures de bas-niveau. In: 3rd Workshop on Electronic Control and Measuring System, pp. 89-97, Toulouse, France, June 1997
37. Maree, R., Geurts, P., Piater, J., Wehenkel, L.: Random subwindows for robust image classification. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, vol. 1, pp. 34-40, San Diego, USA, June 2005 (Pubitemid 41275920)
38. K. Mikolajczyk C. Schmid 2004 Scale and affine invariant interest point detectors Int. J. Comput. Vis. 60 1 63 86
39. Opelt, A., Pinz, A., Zisserman, A.: A boundary-fragment-model for object detection. In: Proceedings of the 9th European Conference on Computer Vision, vol. 2, pp. 575-588, Graz, Austria, May 2006 (Pubitemid 44029756)
40. Robles-Kelly, A., Hancock, E.R.: Edit distance from graph spectra. In: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Vision, vol. 1, pp. 234-241, Nice, France, 2003
41. Ros, J., Laurent, C., Jolion, J.M., Simand, I.: Comparing string representations and distances in a natural images classification task. In: GbR'05, 5th IAPR-TC-15 Workshop on Graph-Based Representations, pp. 72-81, Poitiers, France, April 2005 (Pubitemid 41273833)
42. Ros, J., Laurent, C., Lefebvre, G.: A cascade of unsupervised and supervised neural networks for natural image classification. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Image and Video Retrieval, pp. 92-101, Tempe, USA, July 2006 (Pubitemid 44153549)
43. Ros, J., Laurent, C.: Description of local singularities for image registration. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Pattern Recognition, pp. 61-64, Hong-Kong, China, August 2006 (Pubitemid 46553364)
44. Strickert, M., Hammer, B.: Neural gas for sequences. In: Workshop on Self-Organizing Networks (WSOM), pp. 53-58, 2003
45. Strickert, M., Hammer, B.: Unsupervised recursive sequence processing. In: European Symposium on Artificial Neural Networks'2003, pp. 27-32, 2003
46. C. Schmid R. Mohr 1997 Local grayvalue invariants for image retrieval IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 19 5 530 535 (Pubitemid 127762247)
47. N. Vasconcelos 2007 From pixels to semantic spaces: advances in content-based image retrieval Computer 40 7 20 26
48. T. Voegtlin 2002 Recursive self-organizing maps Neural Netw. 15 8-9 979 991
49. J.Z. Wang J. Li G. Wiederhold 2001 SIMPLIcity: Semantics-Sensitive Integrated Matching for Picture LIbraries IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 23 9 947 963 (Pubitemid 32981615)
50. Weber, M., Welling, M., Perona, P.: Unsupervised learning of models for recognition. In: The 6th European Conference on Computer Vision, vol. 1, pp. 18-32, Dublin, Ireland, 26th June-1st July 2000