Effect of different rumen-degradable carbohydrates on rumen fermentation, nitrogen metabolism and lactation performance of Holstein dairy cows

Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

Volumn 22, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 651-658

  Khezri, A ^a   Rezayazdi, K ^a   Mesgaran, M Danesh ^a,b   Moradi Sharbabk, M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEHRAN   (Iran)

^b FERDOWSI UNIVERSITY OF MASHHAD   (Iran)

Author keywords

Lactation performance; Nitrogen metabolism; Rumen degradable carbohydrates; Rumen fermentation; Sucrose

Indexed keywords

BOS; ZEA MAYS;

EID: 67650945295     PISSN: 10112367     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2009.80426     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Allison, M. J. 1970. Nitrogen metabolism of ruminal microorganisms. In: Physiology of digestion and metabolism in the ruminant (Ed. A. T. Phillipson), Oriel Press, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. p. 456.
2. AOAC. 1999. Official methods of analysis. 17th edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington. Virginia.
3. Ariza, P., A. Bach, M. D. Stern and M. B. Hall. 2001. Effects of carbohydrates from citrus pulp and hominy feed on microbial fermentation in continuous culture. J. Anim. Sci. 79:2713-2718.
4. Broderick, G A., N. D. Luchini, W. J. Smith, S. Reynal, G A. Varga and V. A. Ishler. 2000. Effect of replacing dietary starch with sucrose on milk production in lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 83(Suppl. l):248(Abstr.).
5. Chen, G, J. B. Russell and C. J. Sniffen. 1987. A procedure for measuring peptides in rumen fluid and evidence that peptide uptake can be a rate-limiting step in ruminal protein degradation. J. Dairy Sci. 70:1211-1219.
6. Crook, W. M. and W. E. Simpson. 1971. Determination of ammonium in Kjeldahl digest of crops by an automated procedure. J. Sci. Food Agric. 22:9.
7. Hall, M. B. and C. Herejk. 2001. Differences in yields of microbial crude protein from in vitro fermentation of carbohydrates. J. Dairy Sci. 84:2486-2493.
8. Heldt, J. S., R. C. Cochran, C. P. Mathis, B. C. Woods, K. C. Olson, E. C. Titgemeyer, T. G Nagaraja, E. S. Vanzant and D. E. Johnson. 1999. Effects of level and source of carbohydrate and level of degradable protein on intake and digestion of low-quality tallgrass-prairie hay by beef steers. J. Anim. Sci. 77:2846-2854.
9. Hristov, A. N. and J.-R Jouany. 2005. Factors affecting the efficiency of nitrogen utilization in the rumen. In: Nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition of cattle and environment (Ed. A. N. Hristov and E. Pfeffer). CAB International, Wallingford, UK. pp. 117-166.
10. Huhtanen, P. and H. Khalili. 1991. Sucrose supplements in cattle given grass silage-based diet. 3. Rumen pool size and digestion kinetics. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 33:275-287.
11. Jones, D. R, W. H. Hoover and T. K. Miller-Webster. 1998. Effects of concentrations of peptides on microbial metabolism in continuous culture. J. Anim. Sci. 76:611-616.
12. Khalili, H. and P. Huhtanen. 1991. Sucrose supplements in cattle given grass silage-based diet. 2. Digestion of cell wall carbohydrates. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 33:263-273.
13. Lee, M. R. R, R. J. Merry, D. R. Davies, J. M. Moorby, M. O. Humphreys, M. K. Theodorou, J. C. MacRae and N. D. Scollan. 2003. Effect of increasing availability of water-soluble carbohydrates on in vitro rumen fermentation. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 104:59-70.
14. Leng, R. A. 1970. Formation and production of volatile fatty acids in the rumen. In: Physiology of digestion and metabolism in the ruminant (Ed. A T. Phillipson). Oriel Press, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. pp. 406-421.
15. Mesgaran, M. D. and D. S. Parker. 1995. The effect of dietary protein and energy sources on ruminal accumulation of low molecular weight peptides in sheep. Anim. Sci. 60:535.
16. Miron, J., E. Yosef, D. Ben-Ghedalia, L. E. Chase, D. E. Bauman and R. Solomon. 2002. Digestibility by dairy cows of monosaccharide constituents in total mixed ration containing citrus pulp. J. Dairy Sci. 85:89-94.
17. Mould, F. L., E. R. Orskov and S. O. Mann. 1984. Associative effects of mixed feeds. I. Effect of type and level of supplementation and the influence on the rumen fluid pH on cellulolysis in vivo and dry matter digestion on various roughages. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 10:15-30.
18. National Research Council 2001. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 7th rev. edn. Natl. Acad. Sci., Washington, DC.
19. Nombekela, S. W. and M. R. Murphy. 1995. Sucrose supplementation and feed intake of dairy cows in early lactation. J. Dairy Sci. 78:880-885.
20. Ordway, R. S., V. A. Ishler and G A. Varga. 2002. Effects of sucrose supplementation on dry matter intake, milk yield, and blood metabolites of periparturient Holstein dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 85:879-888.
21. Pate, F. 1983. Molasses in beef nutrition. Natl. Feed Ingredients Assoc, W. Des Moines, IA.
22. Robles, V., L. A. Gonzalez, A. Ferret, X. Manteca and S. Calsamiglia. 2007. Effects of feeding frequency on intake, ruminal fermentation, and feeding behavior in heifers fed high-concentrate diets. J. Anim. Sci. 85:2538-2547.
23. Sannes, R. A., M. A. Messman and D. B. Vagnoni. 2002. Form of rumen-degradable carbohydrate and nitrogen on microbial protein synthesis and protein efficiency of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 85:900-908.
24. SAS Institute Inc. 2000. SAS/STAT User's Guide: Version 8.1th edn. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina.
25. Satter, L. D. and L. L. Slyter. 1974. Effect of ammonia concentration on rumen microbial protein production in vitro. Br. J. Nutr. 32:199-208.
26. Sniffen, C. J., J. D. O'Connor, P. J. Van Soest, D. G Fox and J. B. Russell. 1992. A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets. II. Carbohydrate and protein availability. J. Anim. Sci. 70:3562-3577.
27. Strobel, H. J. and J. B. Russell. 1986. Effect of pH and energy spilling on bacterial protein synthesis by carbohydrate-limited cultures of mixed rumen bacteria. J. Dairy Sci. 69:2941-2947.
28. Supelco, Inc. 1975. GC Separation of VFA C2-C5. Tech. Bull. 749D. Supelco, Inc., Bellefonte, PA.
29. Tamminga, S. 1992. Nutrition management of dairy cows as a contribution to pollution control. J. Dairy Sci. 75:345-357.
30. Vallimont, J. E., F. Bargo, T. W. Cassidy, N. D. Luchini, G A. Broderick and G A. Varga. 2004. Effects of replacing dietary starch with sucrose on ruminal fermentation and nitrogen metabolism in continuous culture. J. Dairy Sci. 87:4221-4229.
31. Van Keulen, J. and B. A. Young. 1977. Evaluation of acidinsoluble ash as a natural marker in ruminant digestibility studies. J. Anim. Sci. 44:282-287.
32. Van Soest, P. J., J. B. Robertson and B. A. Lewis. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral fiber and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74:3588-3597.
33. Van Soest, P. J. 1994. Nutritional ecology of the ruminant. 2nd Ed. Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca, NY.
34. Varga, G A. 2003. Soluble carbohydrates for lactating dairy cows. In: Proceedings of tri state dairy nutrtion. Conference., Fort Wayne, IN. p. 59.
35. Wallace, R. J. 1996. Ruminal microbial metabolism of peptides and amino acids. J. Nutr. 126:1326S-1334S.