Reproductive parameters of wild trachypithecus leucocephalus: Seasonality, infant mortality and interbirth interval

American Journal of Primatology

Volumn 71, Issue 7, 2009, Pages 558-566

  Jin, Tong ^a   Wang, De Zhi ^a   Zhao, Qing ^a   Yin, Li Jie ^a   Qin, Da Gong ^a   Ran, Wen Zhong ^a   Pan, Wen Shi ^a  

^a PEKING UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

Age at first birth; Infant survivorship; Interbirth interval (IBI); Timing of births; White headed langur (Trachypithecus leucocephalus)

Indexed keywords

BIRTH INTERVAL; CONSERVATION STATUS; ENDANGERED SPECIES; FOOD AVAILABILITY; INFANT MORTALITY; PRIMATE; REPRODUCTIVE PRODUCTIVITY; SEASONAL VARIATION; SURVIVORSHIP;

AGE; ANIMAL; ARTICLE; BIRTH; CERCOPITHECIDAE; CHINA; DEMOGRAPHY; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION; METHODOLOGY; MORTALITY; NEWBORN; PHYSIOLOGY; REPRODUCTION; SEASON;

AGE FACTORS; ANIMALS; ANIMALS, NEWBORN; CERCOPITHECIDAE; CHINA; CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES; DEMOGRAPHY; MORTALITY; PARTURITION; REPRODUCTION; SEASONS;

ASIA; CHINA; CHONGZUO; EURASIA; FAR EAST; GUANGXI ZHUANGZU;

PRIMATES; TRACHYPITHECUS; TRACHYPITHECUS LEUCOCEPHALUS;

EID: 67650812331     PISSN: 02752565     EISSN: 10982345     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ajp.20688     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Altmann J. 1980. Baboon mothers and infants. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
2. Altmann J, Altmann SA, Hausfater G, McCuskey SA. 1977. Life history of yellow baboons: physical development, reproductive parameters, and infant mortality. Primates 18:315-330.
3. Bishop NH. 1979. Himalayan langurs: temperate colobines. J Hum Evol 8:251-281.
4. Boonratana R. 1994. The ecology and behaviour of the proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus) in the Lower Kinabatangan. SabahBangkok: Mahidol University.
5. Borries C. 1997. Infanticide in seasonally breeding multimale groups of Hanuman langurs (Presbytis entellus) in Ramnagar (South Nepal). Behav Ecol Sociobiol 41:139-150.
6. Borries C, Launhardt K, Epplen C, Epplen JT, Winkler P. 1999. Males as infant protectors in Hanuman langurs (Presbytis entellus) living in multimale groups - defense pattern, paternity and sexual behaviour. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 46:350-356.
7. Borries C, Koenig A, Winkler P. 2001. Variation of life history traits and mating patterns in female langur monkeys (Semnopithecus entellus). Behav Ecol Sociobiol 50:391-402.
8. Borries C, Suarez A, Terranova P, Koenig A. 2005. Seasonal patterns of ecology, behavior, and reproduction in Phayre's leaf monkeys [abstract]. Am J Primatol 66:110.
9. Borries C, Larney E, Lu A, Ossi K, Koenig A. 2008. Costs of group size: lower developmental and reproductive rates in larger groups of leaf monkeys. Behav Ecol 19:1186-1191.
10. Bronson FH. 1989. Mammalian reproductive biology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 171p.
11. Cui LW, Sheng AH, He SC, Xiao W. 2006. Birth seasonality and interbirth interval of captive Rhinopithecus bieti. Am J Primatol 68:457-463.
12. Dasilva GL. 1989. The ecology of the western black and white colobus (Colobus polykomos Zimmerman 1780) on a riverine island in southeastern Sierra Leone. Ph.D. thesis. England: University of Oxford.
13. Di Bitetti MS, Janson CH. 2000. When will stork arrive? Patterns of birth seasonality in neotropical primates. Am J Primatol 50:109-130.
14. Di Bitetti MS, Janson CH. 2001. Reproductive socioecology of tufted capuchins (Cebus apella nigritus) in Northeastern Argentina. Int J Primatol 22:127-142.
15. Dolhinow PJ. 1972. The north Indian langur. In: Dolhinow PJ, editor. Primate patterns. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. p 181-238.
16. Eisenberg JF, Dittus WJP, Fleming TH, Green K, Struhsaker T, Thorington RW, editors. 1981. Techniques for the study of primate population ecology. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. 233p.
17. Fedigan LM, Rose LM. 1995. Interbirth interval variation in three sympatric species of neotropical monkey. Am J Primatol 37:9-24.
18. Gurmaya KJ. 1986. Ecology and behavior of Presbytis thomasi in northern Sumatra. Primates 27:151-172.
19. Hrdy SB. 1974. Male-male competition and infanticide among the langurs (Presbytis entellus) of Abu, Rajasthan. Folia Primatol 22:19-58.
20. Hrdy SB. 1977. The langurs of Abu: female and male strategies of reproduction. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
21. Huang CM, Wei FW, Li M, Li YB, Sun RY. 2003. Sleeping cave selection, activity pattern and time budget of white-headed langurs. Int J Primatol 24:813-824.
22. Janson C, Verdolin J. 2005. Seasonality of primate births in relation to climate. In: Brockman DK, van Schaik CP, editors. Seasonality in primates: studies of living and extinct human and non-human primates. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p 307-350.
23. Jin T, Wang DZ, Zhao Q, Yin LJ, Qin DG, Ran WZ, Pan WS. 2009. Social organization of white-headed langurs (Trachypithecus leucocephalus) in the Nongguan Karst Hills, Guangxi, China. Am J Primatol 71:206-213.
24. Kirkpatrick CR. 2007. The Asian colobines: diversity among leaf-eating monkeys. In: Campbell CJ, Fuentes A, MacKinnon KC, Panger M, Beader S, editors. Primates in perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p 186-200.
25. Kirkpatrick RC, Long YC, Zhong T, Xiao L. 1998. Social organization and range use in the Yunnan Snub-nose monkey Rhinopithecus bieti. Int J Primatol 19:13-51.
26. Koenig A, Borries C, Chalise MK, Winkler P. 1997. Ecology, nutrition, and timing of reproductive events in an Asian primate, the Hanuman langur (Presbytis entellus). J Zool 243:215-235.
27. Lai YM. 1987. Habit and reproduction in captive white-headed langurs. Wild Anim 38:23-24 (in Chinese).
28. Lancaster JB, Lee RB. 1965. The annual reproductive cycle in monkeys and apes. In: Vore ID, editor. Primate behavior: field studies of monkeys and apes. New York: Holt Rinehart and Winston. p 486-513.
29. Lee PC. 1996. The meaning of weaning: growth, lactation, and life history. Evol Anthropol 5:87-96.
30. Lee PC, Bowman JE. 1995. Influence of ecology and energetics on primate mothers and infants. In: Pryce CR, Martin RD, Skuse D, editors. Motherhood in human and nonhuman primates. Basel: Karger. p 47-58.
31. Li ZY, Rogers ME. 2004. Social organization of white-headed langurs Trachypithecus leucocephalus in Fusui, China. Folia Primatol 75:97-100.
32. Li ZY, Rogers ME. 2006. Food items consumed by white-headed langurs in Fusui, China. Int J Primatol 27:1551-1567.
33. Li ZY, Wei Y, Rogers ME. 2003. Food choice of white-headed langurs in Fusui, China. Int J Primatol 24:1189-1205.
34. Lindburg DG. 1987. Seasonality of reproduction in primates. In: Mitchell G, Erwin J, editors. Comparative primate biology. New York: Alan R. Liss. p 167-218.
35. Megantara EN. 1989. Ecology, behavior and sociality of Presbytis femoralis in east central Sumatra. Comp Primatol Monogr 2:171-301.
36. Newton PN. 1987. The social organization of forest Hanuman langurs (Presbytis entellus). Int J Primatol 8:199-232.
37. Newton PN, Dunbar RIM. 1994. Colobine monkey society. In: Davies AG, Oates JF, editors. Colobine monkeys: their ecology, behavior and evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p 311-346.
38. Poirier FE. 1970. The Nilgiri langur (Presbytis johnii) of South India. In: Rosenblum RA, editor. Primate behavior: developments in field and laboratory research. New York: Academic Press. p 251-383.
39. Qi XG, Li BG, Ji WH. 2007. Reproductive parameters of wild female Rhinopithecus roxellana. Am J Primatol 70:1-9.
40. Ran WZ. 2003. The current status of wild-ranged white-headed langur: distribution, number, habitat use, and PVA. Ph.D. dissertation. Beijing, China: Peking University. 94p.
41. Ren BP, Zhang SY, Xia SZ, Li QF, Liang B, Lu MQ. 2003. Annual reproductive behavior of Rhinopithecus roxellana. Int J Primatol 24:575-589.
42. Rudran R. 1973. The reproductive cycles of two subspecies of purple-faced langurs (Presbytis senex) with relation to environmental factors. Folia Primatol 19:41-60.
43. Ruhiyat Y. 1983. Socio-ecological study of Presbytis aygula in West Java. Primates 24:344-359.
44. Solanki GS, Kumar A, Sharma BK. 2007. Reproductive strategies of Trachypithecus pileatus in Arunachal Pradesh, India. Int J Primatol 28:1075-1083.
45. Sommer V, Srivastava A, Borries C. 1992. Cycles, sexuality, and conception in free-ranging langurs (Presbytis entellus). Am J Primatol 28:1-27.
46. Stanford CB. 1991. In: Szalay FS, editor. The capped langur in Bangladesh: behavioral ecology and reproductive tactics. Basel: Karger. p 1-179.
47. Struhsaker TT, Leland L. 1987. Infanticide by adult males. In: Smuts BB, Cheney DL, Seyfarth RM, Wrangham RW, Struhsaker TT, editors. Primate societies. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p 83-97.
48. Sugiyama Y. 1966. An artifical social change in a human langur troop (Presbytis entellus). Primates 7:41-72.
49. Sugiyama Y. 1967. Social organization of hanuman langurs. In: Altmann S, editor. Social communication among primates. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p 221-236.
50. van Schaik CP, van Noordwijk MA. 1985. Interannual variability in fruit abundance and the reproductive seasonality in Sumatran long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis). J Zool 206:533-549.
51. Wang DZ. 2004. Social structure unit of free-ranging white-headed langur (Trachypithecus leucocephalus): the research on family groups in Nongguan Karst Hills, Guangxi, China. Ph.D. dissertation. Beijing, China: Peking University. 102p.
52. Wang DZ, Ran WZ, Jin T, Pan WS. 2005. Population census of the white-headed langur (Trachypithecus leucocephalus) at Longrui Karst Hills, Guangxi, China. Primates 46:219-222.
53. Wich SA, Steenbeek R, Sterck EHM, Korstjens AH, Willems EP, van Schaik CP. 2007. Demography and life history of Thomas langurs (Presbytis thomasi). Am J Primatol 69:641-651.
54. Yang MY, Sun DY, Zinner D, Roos C. 2009. Reproductive parameters in Guizhou snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus brelichi). Am J Primatol DOI:10.1002/ajp.20645.
55. Zhang SY, Liang B, Wang LX. 2000. Seasonality of matings and births in captive Sichuan golden monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana). Am J Primatol 51:265-269.
56. Zhao Q, Tan CL, Pan WS. 2008. Weaning age, infant care, and behavioral development in Trachypithecus leucocephalus. Int J Primatol 29:583-591.