Two normative models of science in the public sphere: Human genome sequencing in German and US mass media

Public Understanding of Science

Volumn 18, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 437-451

  Gerhards, Jürgen ^a   Schäfer, Mike S ^a  

^a FREIE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN   (Germany)

Author keywords

biotechnology; discourse; human genome.; media; participation; Public sphere; public understanding of science

Indexed keywords

EID: 67650792871     PISSN: 09636625     EISSN: 13616609     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0963662507082891     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. ABC (Audit Bureau of Circulations) (2000) Newspaper data. URL: www.accessabc.com (accessed 10 March 2001 ).
2. Abels, G. (1992) " Konstruktion gro2er Forschung: Das Human Genome Project, " Forum Wissenschaft 9 (1). 1-12.
3. Abels, G. and Bora, A. (2004) Demokratische Technikbewertung. Bielefeld: transcript.
4. Bauer, M.W. (2002) " Controversial Medical and Agri-food Biotechnology: A Cultivation Analysis, " Public Understanding of Science 11 (2). 93-111.
5. Benford, R.D. and Snow, D.A. (2000) " Framing Processes and Social Movements: An Overview and Assessment, " Annual Review of Sociology 26: 611-39.
6. Cook-Deegan, R. (1995) The Gene Wars: Science, Politics and the Human Genome. New York and London: Norton.
7. Costa, T. (2003) " The Human Genome Project and the Media. Case Study: The Relation between Genetics and the Media, " Journal of Science Communication 2: 1-20.
8. Davo, M. del C. and Álvarez-Dardet, C. (2003) " El genoma y sus metÁforas. ¿Detectives, h©roes o profetas?, " Gaceta Sanitaria 17 (1). 59-65.
9. Durant, J. (1999) " Participatory Technology Assessment and the Democratic Model of the Public Understanding of Science, " Science and Public Policy 26 (5). 313-19.
10. Durant, J. (2003) " From Deficit to Dialogue," paper presented at "Neue Wege in der Kommunikation von Wissenschaft und Öffentlichkeit, " Seminarwoche des Deutschen Museums, 13-17 October, München.
11. Durant, J., Bauer, M.W. and Gaskell, G., eds (1998) Biotechnology in the Public Sphere: A European Sourcebook. London: Science Museum.
12. Felt, U. (2000). " Why Should the Public 'Understand' Science? A Historical Perspective on Aspects of the Public Understanding of Science, " in M. Dierkes and C. von Grote (eds) Between Understanding and Trust: The Public, Science and Technology, pp. 7-38. Amsterdam: Harwood Academic.
13. Felt, U., Nowotny, H. and Taschwer, K. (1995) Wissenschaftsforschung: Eine Einführung. Frankfurt/Main: Campus.
14. Ferree, M.M., Gamson, W.A., Gerhards, J. and Rucht, D. (2002 a) " Four Models of the Public Sphere in Modern Democracies, " Theory and Society 31: 289-324. (Pubitemid 37130882)
15. Ferree, M.M., Gamson, W.A., Gerhards, J. and Rucht, D. (2002 b) Shaping Abortion Discourse: Democracy and the Public Sphere in Germany and the United States. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
16. Finney, C. (1999) " Extending Public Consultation via the Internet: The Experience of the UK Advisory Committee on Genetic Testing Electronic Consultation, " Science and Public Policy 26 (5). 361-73.
17. Gamson, W.A. (1992) Talking Politics. New York: Cambridge University Press.
18. Gamson, W.A. and Modigliani, A. (1989) " Media Discourse and Public Opinion on Nuclear Power: A Constructionist Approach, " American Journal of Sociology 95 (1). 1-37.
19. Gerhards, J. (1997) " Diskursive versus liberale Öffentlichkeit: Eine empirische Auseinandersetzung mit Jürgen Habermas, " Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie 49 (1). 1-34.
20. Gerhards, J. (2006) " Öffentlichkeit, " in D. Fuchs and E. Roller (eds) Lexikon Politik: 100 Grundbegriffe, pp. 185-7. Stuttgart: Reclam.
21. Gerhards, J. and Neidhardt, F. (1991) " Strukturen und Funktionen moderner Öffentlichkeit: Fragestellungen und AnsCurrency signtze, " in S. Müller-Doohm and K. Neumann-Braun (eds) Öffentlichkeit, Kultur, Massenkommunikation, pp. 31-89. Oldenbourg: BIS.
22. Gerhards, J. and Schäfer, M.S. (2006) Die Herstellung einer öffentlichen Hegemonie: Humangenomforschung in der deutschen und der US-amerikanischen Presse. Wiesbaden: Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.
23. Gerhards, J. and Schäfer, M.S. (2007) " Demokratische Internet-Öffentlichkeit? Ein Vergleich der öffentlichen Kommunikation im Internet und in den Printmedien am Beispiel der Humangenomforschung, " Publizistik 52 (2). 210-28.
24. Gregory, J. and Miller, S. (1998) Science in Public: Communication, Culture, and Credibility. New York: Plenum Press.
25. Habermas, J. (1985 a) The Theory of Communicative Action. Vol. 1: Reason and the Rationalization of Society. Boston, MA: Beacon.
26. Habermas, J. (1985 b) The Theory of Communicative Action. Vol. 2: Lifeworld and System: A Critique of Functionalist Reason. Boston, MA: Beacon.
27. Habermas, J. (1991) The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
28. Habermas, J. (1998) Between Facts and Norms: Contributions to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
29. Holliman, R. (2004) " Media Coverage of Cloning: A Study of Media Content, Production and Reception, " Public Understanding of Science 13 (2). 107-30.
30. Hucho, F. and Köchy, K., eds (2003) Materialien für einen Gentechnologiebericht. Grundlagenforschung. Medizinische Anwendung. Ökonomische Bedeutung. Heidelberg and Berlin: Spektrum Akademischer Verlag. Informationsgemeinschaft zur Verbreitung von WerbetrCurrency signgern (2000) IVW- Praxis. Bonn: IVW.
31. Irwin, A. and Wynne, B., eds (1996) Misunderstanding Science? The Public Reconstruction of Science and Technology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
32. Joss, S. (2003) " Zwischen Politikberatung und Ö ffentlichkeitsdiskurs:-Erfahrungen mit Bürgerkonferenzen in Europa, " in S. Schicktanz and J. Neumann (eds) Bürgerkonferenz: Streitfall Gendiagnostik. Ein Modellprojekt der Bürgerbeteiligung am bioethischen Diskurs, pp. 15-35. Opladen: Leske + Budrich.
33. Joss, S. and Bellucci, S., eds (2002) Participatory Technology Assessment: European Perspectives. London: Centre for the Study of Democracy.
34. Joss, S. and Brownlea, A. (1999) " Considering the Concept of Procedural Justice for Public Policy- and Decision-making in Science and Technology, " Science and Public Policy 26 (5). 321-30.
35. Knorr Cetina, K. (1981) The Manufacture of Knowledge: An Essay on the Constructivist and Contextual Nature of Science. Oxford: Pergamon.
36. Knorr Cetina, K. (1998) Epistemic Cultures: How the Sciences Make Knowledge. Harvard: Harvard University Press.
37. Kohring, M. (1997) Die Funktion des Wissenschaftsjournalismus: Ein systemtheoretischer Entwurf. Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag.
38. Kohring, M. and Matthes, J. (2002) " The Face(t)s of Biotech in the Nineties: How the German Press Framed Modern Biotechnology, " Public Understanding of Science 11 (2). 143-54.
39. Kreibich, R. (2004) " Zur Organisation von Verantwortung im Dialog von Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft, " in C. Tannert and P.M. Wiedemann (eds) Stammzellen im Diskurs: Eine Lese- und Arbeitsbuch zu einer Bürgerkonferenz, pp. 56-66. München: oekom.
40. Lewenstein, B.V. (1995) " Science and the Media, " in S. Jasanoff, G.E. Markle, J.C. Petersen and T. Pinch (eds) Handbook of Science and Technology Studies, pp. 343-60. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
41. MacDonald, S. (1996) " Authorising Science: Public Understanding of Science in Museums, " in A. Irwin and B. Wynne (eds) Misunderstanding Science? The Public Reconstruction of Science and Technology, pp. 152-71. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
42. Miller, S. (2001) " Public Understanding of Science at the Crossroads, " Public Understanding of Science 10: 115-20.
43. Mittman, I.S., Penchaszadeh, V.B. and Secundy, M.G. (1999) The National Dialogue on Genetics. Washington DC: Karger.
44. Murray, T. and Mehlman, M.J., eds (2000) Encyclopedia of Ethical, Legal and Policy Issues in Biotechnology. New York: Wiley & Sons.
45. Nelkin, D. (1995) Selling Science: How the Press Covers Science and Technology. New York: W.H. Freeman and Company.
46. Nerlich, B., Dingwall, R. and Clarke, D.D. (2002) " The Book of Life: How the Completion of the Human Genome Project was Revealed to the Public, " Health 6: 445-69.
47. O'Mahony, P. and Schäfer, M.S. (2005) " The 'Book of Life' in the Press: Comparing German and Irish Media Discourse on Human Genome Research, " Social Studies of Science 35 (1). 99-130. (Pubitemid 40427614)
48. Rödder, S. (2005) Das Buch des Lebens in der Presse: Die Darstellung der Entschlüsselung des menschlichen Erbguts in deutschen und britischen Medien. München: Reinhard Fischer.
49. Schäfer, M.S. (2009) " From Public Understanding to Public Engagement. An Empirical Assessment of Changes in Science Coverage ", Science Communication. Accepted for publication.
50. Schulze, N. (2005) " Das Humangenomprojekt: Eine netzwerkanalytische Untersuchung des Entstehungsprozesses einer Policy unter Rückgriff auf den theoretischen Ansatz des akteurszentrierten Institutionalismus, " unpublished master's thesis, UniversitCurrency signt Leipzig, Institut für Politikwissenschaft.
51. Science (2003) " From PUS to PEST, " Science 298 (5591). 49.
52. Smart, A. (2003) " Reporting the Dawn of the Post-genomic Era: Who Wants to Live Forever?, " Sociology of Health and Illness 25: 24-49. (Pubitemid 36782823)
53. Snow, D.A. and Benford, R.D. (1988) " Ideology, Frame Resonance, and Participant Mobilization, " in B. Klandermans, H. Kriesi and S. Tarrow (eds) From Structure to Action: International Social Movement Research, pp. 197-217. Greenwich: Jai.
54. Snow, D.A. and Benford, R.D. (1992) " Master Frames and Cycles of Protest, " in A.D. Morris and C. McClurg Mueller (eds) Frontiers in Social Movement Theory, pp. 135-55. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
55. Snow, D.A., Rochford, E.B., Worden, S.K. and Benford, R.D. (1986) " Frame Alignment Processes, Micromobilization, and Movement Participation, " American Sociological Review 51 (4). 464-81.
56. Strydom, P. (1999) " The Civilisation of the Gene: Biotechnological Risk Framed in the Responsibility Discourse, " in P. O'Mahony (ed.) Nature, Risk and Responsibility: Discourses of Biotechnology, pp. 21-36. London: Macmillan.
57. Sulston, J. and Ferry, G. (2002) The Common Thread: A Story of Science, Politics, Ethics and the Human Genome. London: Bantam.
58. Tambor, E.S., Bernhardt, B.A., Rodgers, J., Holtzman, N.A. and Geller, G. (2002) " Mapping the Human Genome: An Assessment of Media Coverage and Public Reaction, " Genetics in Medicine 4 (1). 31-6.
59. Weingart, P. (2002) " The Moment of Truth for Science: The Consequences of the 'Knowledge Society' for Society and Science, " EMBO Reports 3 (8). 703-6.
60. Weingart, P. (2003) Wissenschaftssoziologie. Bielefeld: transcript.
61. Weingart, P. (2005) Die Wissenschaft der Öffentlichkeit: Essays zum VerhCurrency signltnis von Wissenschaft, Medien und Öffentlichkeit. Weilerswist: Velbrück.
62. Weingart, P., Salzmann, C. and Wörmann, S. (2006) " Die gesellschaftliche Einbettung der Biomedizin: Eine Analyse der deutschen Mediendiskurse, " in M.-D. Weitze and W.-A. Liebert (eds) Kontroversen als Schlüssel zur Wissenschaft? Wissenskulturen in sprachlicher Interaktion, pp. 95-112. Bielefeld: transcript.
63. Weisker, A. (2003) " Expertenvertrauen gegen Zukunftsangst. Zur Risikowahrnehmung der Kernenergie, " in U. Frevert (ed.) Vertrauen: Historische AnnCurrency signherungen, pp. 394-421. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
64. Wilke, J. (1999) " Leitmedien und Zielgruppenorgane, " in J. Wilke (ed.) Mediengeschichte der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, pp. 302-29. Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung.
65. Wynne, B. (1992) " Public Understanding of Science Research: New Horizons or Hall of Mirrors?, " Public Understanding of Science 1: 37-43.
66. Wynne, B. (1995) " Public Understanding of Science, " in S. Jasanoff, G.E. Markle, J.C. Petersen and T. Pinch (eds) Handbook of Science and Technology Studies, pp. 361-88. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
67. Wynne, B. (1996) " May the Sheep Safely Graze? A Reflexive View of the Expert-Lay Knowledge Divide, " in B. Szerszynski, S. Lash and B. Wynne (eds) Risk, Environment and Modernity: Towards a New Ecology, pp. 44-83. London: SAGE.
68. Yearley, S. (2000) " What Does Science Mean in the 'Public Understanding of Science, '" in M. Dierkes and C. von Grote (eds) Between Understanding and Trust: The Public, Science and Technology, pp. 217-36. Amsterdam: Harwood Academic.