Ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacology of the genus Caragana used in traditional Chinese medicine

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Volumn 124, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 350-368

  Meng, Qiuxia ^a,b   Niu, Yu ^a   Niu, Xiwu ^a   Roubin, Rebecca H ^b   Hanrahan, Jane R ^b  

^a Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences   (China)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Anti hypertension; Anti inflammatory; Caragana; Flavonoids; Jinquegen; Leguminosea; Ningtiao; Protein kinase C inhibitor; Stilbenoids; Zuomaoxing

Indexed keywords

ALPHA VINIFERIN; CARAGANA ARBORESCENS EXTRACT; CARAGANA EXTRACT; CARAGANA FRANCHETIANA EXTRACT; CARAGANA FRUTEX EXTRACT; CARAGANA INTERMEDIA EXTRACT; CARAGANA JUBATA EXTRACT; CARAGANA MICROPHYLLA EXTRACT; CARAGANA ROSEA EXTRACT; CARAGANA SINICA EXTRACT; CARAGANA SPINOSA EXTRACT; CARAGIN; CARASINAURONE; CARASINOL B; EUDESMANE DERIVATIVE; FLAVONOID; HERBACEOUS AGENT; KOBOPHENOL A; LECTIN; OLEANOLIC ACID; PHYTOSTEROL; PLANT EXTRACT; PLANT GLYCOSIDE; PLANT MEDICINAL PRODUCT; RESVERATROL; SCIRPUSIN B; SESQUITERPENE; STILBENOID DERIVATIVE; TERPENOID; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UNINDEXED DRUG;

ANALGESIC ACTIVITY; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE ACTIVITY; ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY; ARTHRITIS; ASTHENIA; ASTHMA; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE; BREAST CANCER; CARAGANA; CARAGANA ARBORESCENS; CARAGANA FRANCHETIANA; CARAGANA FRUTEX; CARAGANA INTERMEDIA; CARAGANA JUBATA; CARAGANA MICROPHYLLA; CARAGANA ROSEA; CARAGANA SINICA; CARAGANA SPINOSA; CARBUNCLE; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; CHINESE MEDICINE; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIZZINESS; DOSE RESPONSE; DROWSINESS; DRUG BIOAVAILABILITY; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG DETERMINATION; DRUG ERUPTION; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY; DRUG INDICATION; DRUG ISOLATION; DRUG STRUCTURE; DRUG TISSUE LEVEL; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; ETHNOBOTANY; ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY; FEVER; FLOWER; GYNECOLOGIC DISEASE; HEADACHE; HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; IMMUNOMODULATION; IMMUNOSTIMULATION; INFECTION; INFLAMMATION; INJURY; LEUKORRHEA; MASTITIS; MEDICINAL PLANT; MENSTRUAL IRREGULARITY; METRORRHAGIA; MYCOSIS; NAUSEA; NEOPLASM; NONHUMAN; OBESITY; OSTEOPOROSIS; PAW EDEMA; PHYTOCHEMISTRY; PLANT ROOT; PRURITUS; REVIEW; RHEUMATIC DISEASE; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; SHOOT; SIDE EFFECT; SKIN ABSCESS; SKIN ALLERGY; SKIN BRUISING; SPLEEN DISEASE; STOMACH DISEASE; STOMACH INJURY; STOMACH ULCER; SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS; THIRST; TINNITUS; UTERINE CERVIX CANCER; VISUAL DISORDER; WOUND;

ANIMALS; CARAGANA; ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY; FEMALE; HUMANS; MEDICINE, CHINESE TRADITIONAL; PHARMACOKINETICS; PHYTOTHERAPY;

CARAGANA; CARAGANA SINICA; FABACEAE; PAPILIONOIDEAE;

EID: 67650726605     PISSN: 03788741     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.04.048     Document Type: Review

References (112)

1. Baba K., Kido T., Taniguchi M., and Kozawa M. Stilbenoids from Cassia garretiana. Phytochemistry 36 (1994) 1509-1513
2. Bloch R., Jenkins J., Roth J., and Burger M.M. Purification and characterization of two lectins from Caragana arborescens seeds. Journal of Biological Chemistry 251 (1976) 5929-5935
3. Boinik V.V., Kovalev V.N., Komissarenko N.F., and Dikhtyarev V.I. Coumarins of the epigeal part of Caragana frutex. Chemistry of Natural Compounds 19 (1984) 742-1742
4. Boinik V.V., Batyuk N.V., and Kovalev V.N. Flavonoids of Caragana arborescens. Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii (1986) 375
5. Butayarov A.V., Batirov E.K., Tadzhibaev M.M., and Yuldashev M.P. Flavonoids of Caragana alaica. Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii (1999) 734
6. In: Chen H.B. (Ed). Flora of Shandong (1990), Qingdao Press, Qingdao
7. Chen Y.-G., Liu Y., and Setzer W. Chemical composition of the essential oil of Caragana sinica flowers. Chemistry of Natural Compounds 44 (2008) 537-538
8. Cheng K.J., Ma D.Y., Yang G.X., and Hu C.Q. A new tetrastilbene from Caragana sinica. Chinese Chemical Letters 19 (2008) 711-715
9. Chung E.Y., Kim B.H., Lee M.K., Yun Y.-P., Lee S.H., Min K.R., and Kim Y. Anti-inflammatory effect of the oligomeric stilbene α-viniferin and its mode of the action through inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Planta Medica 69 (2003) 710-714
10. Cui Y.L., Mu Q., and Hu C.Q. Studies on the phenyl propanoids from Caragana rosea. Natural Product Research and Development 15 (2003) 277-283
11. Cui Y., Mu Q., and Hu C. Studies on the chemical constituents of Caragana rosea. The Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal 39 (2004) 173-175
12. Deng Y., Wang T., He Y., Yin F., and Gao Y. Studies on chemical constituents of Caragana spinifera. Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi 33 (2008) 775-777 (in Chinese)
13. Dikhtyrenko V.V., Safonova M.Y., Safonov V.V., Lesiovskaya E.E., and Sakanyan E.I. The influence of Cetraria islandica (L.) Ach. thalli and Caragana spinosa (L.) Vahl ex Hornem. annual shoots dry extracts on the development of experimental stomach ulcer in rats. Rastitel'nye Resursy 37 (2001) 51-56
14. Du X.W., Guo X.L., and Guo C.L. Clinical research on Jin-ji-er's therapeutic effect on rheumatoid arthritis. Chinese Ethnopharmacology Journal 4 (1998) 11-13 (in Chinese)
15. Ethnic Affair Committee of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous County (Ed.), 1987. Tibetan Medicines in Diqing. Ethnic Press of Yunnan Province, Kunming (in Chinese).
16. Fang X.-K., Gao J., and Zhu D.-N. Kaempferol and quercetin isolated from Euonymus alatus improve glucose uptake of 3T3-L1 cells without adipogenesis activity. Life Sciences 82 (2008) 615-622
17. Frémont L. Biological effects of resveratrol. Life Sciences 66 (2000) 663-673
18. Gomes A., Fernandes E., Lima J.L.F.C., Mira L., and Corvo M.L. Molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammatory activity mediated by flavonoids. Current Medicinal Chemistry 15 (2008) 1586-1605
19. Henderson D.C., and Chapman R. Caragana arborescens invasion in Elk Island National Park, Canada. Natural Areas Journal 26 (2006) 255-261
20. Howes M.-J.R., Perry N.S.L., and Houghton P.J. Plants with traditional uses and activities, relevant to the management of Alzheimer's disease and other cognitive disorders. Phytotherapy Research 17 (2003) 1-18
21. Hu, C.Q., Sun, Z.H., Chen, B., 2004. Eudesmane compounds, preparing methods and use in preparing medicinal composition. CN 1554626 (in Chinese).
22. 2 extract from Caragana jubata. Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials 24 (2001) 650-651 (in Chinese)
23. Jang M., Cai L., Udeani G.O., Slowing K.V., Thomas C.F., Beecher C.W.W., Fong H.H.S., Farnsworth N.R., Kinghorn A.D., Mehta R.G., Moon R.C., and Pezzuto J.M. Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol, a natural product derived from grapes. Science 275 (1997) 218-220
24. Jia S.S., and Zhou G.K. Isolation and identification of isoflavone from roots of Caragana intermedia. Chinese Traditional Medicine Bulletin 34 (1988) (in Chinese)
25. Jia S.S., Dong Y., Zheng F., and Qiu G.F. Isolation and identification of glycosides of isoflavone from roots of Caragana intermedia. Chinese Traditional Herbal Drugs 22 (1991) 441-443 (in Chinese)
26. Jia X.Y., Qian Z.G., Zhang T.X., Li B.J., and Zhu C.R. Study on species diversity of medicinal plants, genus Caragana Fabr in Yunnan. Journal of Yunnan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine 20 (1997) 8-12 (in Chinese)
27. Jiangsu New Medical College. Dictionary of Chinese Traditional Medicine (1986), Shanghai People's Press, Shanghai (in Chinese)
28. Jin G., and Piao H. Studies on chemical constituents from roots of Caragana microphylla. China Journal of Chinese Material 32 (2007) 698-700 (in Chinese)
29. Jin G.Z., Li J.D., and Ahn B.Z. Some isoflavones from the root of Caragana microphylla Lam. Yakhak Hoechi 36 (1992) 481 (in Korean)
30. Jin Z.N., Jin J.J., and Jin G.Z. Pharmcological action of the extract of Caragana microphylla Lam. Journal of Yanbian College of Medicine 17 (1994) 267-270 (in Chinese)
31. Jin W.F., Wang H.F., Gao J.J., Xu P.K., Xu A.H., Luo H.F., and Hu C.Q. Prevention effects of the efficacious part of Caragana sinica on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats. Fudan University Journal of Medical Sciences 32 (2005) 305-308 (in Chinese)
32. Kandaswami C., and Middleton E.J. Free radical scavenging and antioxidant activity of plant flavonoids. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 366 (1994) 351-376
33. Keener, W.K., Ward, T.E., 2003, Selective destruction of cells infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Bechtel BWXT Idaho, LLC US 6627197.
34. Khan R., Fatima I., Ahmad N., and Malik A. Caragin, a new isoflavone from Caragana conferta. Journal of Asian Natural Products Research 10 (2008) 823-825
35. Kitanaka S., Takido M., Mizoue K., Kondo H., and Nakaike S. Oligomeric stilbenes from Caragana chamlagu Lamark root. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (1996) 565-567
36. Kulanthaivel P., Janzen W., Ballas L., Jiang J., Hu C., Darges J., Seldin J., Cofield D., and Adams L. Naturally occurring protein kinase C inhibitors. II. Isolation of oligomeric stilbenes from Caragana sinica. Planta Medica 61 (1995) 41-44
37. In: Lan M. (Ed). Materia Medica in Southern Yunnan (1436), Yunnan People's Press, Kunming (in Chinese)
38. Lee Y.B., Yoo S.J., Kim J.S., and Kang S.S. Saponins from the roots of Caragana chamlagu. Saengyak Hakhoechi 21 (1990) 193-194 (in Korean)
39. Lee S.H., Shin N.H., Kang S.H., Park J.S., Chung S.R., Min K.R., and Kim Y. Alpha-viniferin: a prostaglandin H2 synthase inhibitor from root of Carex humilis. Planta Medica 64 (1998) 204-207
40. Li M.Z., Zhang H.Y., and Wu Z.J. Effects of Chinese Peashrub (Caragana sinica) on hemorheology in rabbits. Chinese Traditional Herbal Drugs 25 (1994) 637-638 (in Chinese)
41. Li W.-t., Zhou C.-c., and Shi H.-b. Advances in study of Caragana sinica. Shenzhen Journal of Integrating Traditional Medicine and Western Medicine 5 (1995) 37-38 (in Chinese)
42. Liang G.L., Bi J.B., Huang H.Q., Zhang S., and Hu C.-q. Metabolites and the pharmacokinetics of kobophenol A from Caragana sinica in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 101 (2005) 324-329
43. Lin W.H., Fu H.Z., and Zhang L.H. Two new triterpenoids from the roots of Caragana intermedia. Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 7 (1998) 1-6
44. Liu H.-X. Chemical Study on the Chinese Medical Decotion Fu-fang-si-ni-tang and Caragana stenophylla (2004), Chinese Academy of Medical sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (in Chinese)
45. Liu H.-X., Lin W.-H., and Yang J.-S. Oligomeric stilbenes from the root of Caragana stenophylla. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 52 (2004) 1339-1341
46. Liu H.-X., Lin W.-H., and Yang J.-S. Study progress on constituents and pharmaceutical actions of genus Caragana Fabr. Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 39 (2004) 327-330
47. Luo H.F., Zhang L.P., and Hu C.Q. Four new oligomers from the roots of Caragana sinica. Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 9 (2000) 162-165
48. Luo H.-F., Zhang L.-P., and Hu C.-Q. Five novel oligostilbenes from the roots of Caragana sinica. Tetrahedron 57 (2001) 4849-4854
49. Ma C.W., Ham I., and Whang W.K. The flavonoids from the Caragana chamlagu leaves. Yakhak Hoechi 43 (1999) 143-149 (in Korean)
50. Ma D.Y., Luo H.F., and Hu C.Q. Three stilbene tetramers from the roots of Caragana sinica. Chinese Journal of Chemistry 22 (2004) 207-211
51. Manandhar N.P. Plants and People of Nepal (2002), Timber Press, Oregon
52. Nikolaev V.O., and Lesiovskaya E.E. Immune-depressive activity of Caragana spinosa (L.) Vahl ex Hornem. annual shoots dry extract. Rastitel'nye Resursy (2001) 56-61
53. Nikolaev V.O., Lesiovskava E.E., and Herget T. Some molecular action mechanisms of dry extract from Caragana spinosa (L.) Vahl ex Hornem. annual shoots. Rastitel'nye Resursy 39 (2003) 42-48
54. Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, and C.A.o.S. Flora of Qinghai (1997), Qinghai People Press, Xining (in Chinese)
55. In: Niu X.W. (Ed). Cultivation and Utilization of Peashrubs (1988), Shanxi Science and Educational press, Taiyuan (in Chinese)
56. Niu, X.W., 2001. Unpublished observation.
57. In: Niu X.W. (Ed). Peashrub Study (2003), Science Press, Beijing (in Chinese)
58. Ohyama M., Tanaka T., and Iinuma M. Five resveratrol oligomers from roots of Sophora leachiana. Phytochemistry 38 (1995) 733-740
59. Ohyama M., Tanaka T., Iinuma M., and Burandt C.L.J. Phenolic compounds isolated from the roots of Sophra stenophylla. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 46 (1998) 663-668
60. Oldham, M.J., Rose, B.F., 2004. Method of using lectins for contraception, prophylaxis against diseases transmittable by sexual contact, and therapy of such diseases, and apparatus for administering lectins. Legere Pharmaceuticals, Ltd. US 6,743,773.
61. Oldham, M.J., Rose, B.F., Krivan, H.C., 2000. Method of using lectins for therapy of diseases transmittable by sexual contact. Legere Pharmaceuticals, Ltd. US 6,159,174.
62. Piao H.S., Jin G.Z., and Zhang S.Y. Inhibitory effects of Caragana microphylla Lam on sarcoma 180 in mice. Yanbian University Journal of Medical Sciences 27 (2004) 16-18 (in Chinese)
63. Piao H.S., Jin Y.F., and Zhang S.Y. Experimental study on anti-tumor effects of the n-butanol extraction of Caragana microphylla Lam. in mice. Journal of Medical Science Yanbian University 28 (2005) 107-109 (in Chinese)
64. In: Polhill R.M., and Raven P.H. (Eds). Advances in Legume Systematics: Part 1 (1981), Kew Publishing, Kew
65. Polovinko A.E., and Shostakovskaya N.G. Flavonoids of Caragana aurantiaca. Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii (1987) 450-451
66. Polovinko A.E., Yakovlev G.P., and Khim L. Flavonoids of Caragana pygmaea. Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii (1985) 268
67. Qi J.-B., Shu N., Ma D.-Y., and Hu C.-Q. Isoflavonoid compounds from roots of Caragana sinica. Zhongguo Tianran Yaowu 5 (2007) 101-104 (in Chinese)
68. Qiu E.C., Xiang X.Z., Pan J.C., and Tu Z.B. Studies on the chemical constituents of the root of Caragana rosea Turcz. Journal of Hebei Normal University (Natural Sciences Edition) 21 (1997) 99-101 (in Chinese)
69. Ren W., Qiao Z., Wang H., Zhu L., and Zhang L. Flavonoids: promising anticancer agents. Medicinal Research Reviews 23 (2003) 519-534
70. Safonov V.V., Lesiovskaya E.E., and Sakanyan E.I. Anti-inflammatory properties of dry extract from shoots of Caragana spinosa (L.) Vahl ex Hornem. Rastitel'nye Resursy 36 (2000) 83-90
71. Sezik E., Aslan M., Yesilada E., and Ito S. Hypoglycaemic activity of Gentiana olivieri and isolation of the active constituent through bioassay-directed fractionation techniques. Life Sciences 76 (2005) 1223-1238
72. Sheng Z., Tian C.Y., Wang Y.X., Huang H., and Xu G. Effects of miyabenol C on protein kinase C in two lung carcinoma cell lines. Acta Academy of Medicine Shanghai 26 (1999) 395-399 (in Chinese)
73. Shi J., Chen B., Sun Z.H., and Hu C.Q. Studie on flavonoid constituents of Caragana intermedia. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 38 (2003) 599-602
74. Shpekina G.A. Flavonoids of Caragana spinosa. Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii (1990) 117-118
75. Shu N., Zhou H., and Hu C. Simultaneous determination of the contents of three stilbene oligomers in Caragana sinica collected in different seasons using an improved HPLC method. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 29 (2006) 608-612
76. Sun Z.H., Chen B., Zhang S., and Hu C.Q. Four new eudesmanes from Caragana intermedia and their biological activities. Journal of Natural Products 67 (2004) 1975-1979
77. Sun Z.H., Zhang S., and Hu C.Q. Preparation of carainterol A derivatives. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceuticals 35 (2004) 197-199
78. Sun Z.H., Zhang S., Shi J., and Hu C.Q. Sesquiterpenes from Caragana intermedia. Chinese Journal Organic Chemistry 24 (2004) 806-810
79. Sun Z.H., Hu C.Q., and Wang J.Y. A new sesquiterpene from Caragana intermediia. Chinese Chemical Letters 18 (2007) 1379-1382
80. Sung S.H., Kang S.Y., Lee K.Y., Park M.J., Kim J.H., Park J.H., Kim Y.C., Kim J., and Kim Y.C. (+)-Alpha-viniferin, a stilbene trimer from Caragana chamlague, inhibits acetylcholinesterase. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 25 (2002) 125-127
81. Tanaka T. Tanaka's Cyclopaedia of Edible Plants of the World (1976), Keigaku Publishing, Tokyo
82. Umarov, A., 1971. Flavonoids of Caragana jubata. In: L.I.o.P.C. Khar'kov Scientific-Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Ed.), Mater. Yubileinoi Resp. Nauchn. Konf. Farm, Posvyashch, 50-Letiyu Obraz, pp. 99-101.
83. Umarov, A., 1972. Phytochemical study of Caragana pygmaea. In: L.I.o.P.C. Khar'kov Scientific-Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Ed.), Mater. Yubileinoi Resp. Nauchn. Konf. Farm, Posvyashch, 50-Letiyu Obraz, pp. 102-103.
84. Wang Y.L., Chen W.M., and Li G.Y. Chemical instituents of the Tibetan medicinal plant Caragana jubata. Chinese Traditional Herbal Drugs 17 (1986) 344-345 (in Chinese)
85. Wang S.-G., Da Y., and Hu C.-Q. Two new oligostilbenes from Caragana sinica. Journal of Asian Natural Products Research 6 (2004) 241-248
86. Wang S., Ma D., and Hu C. Three new compounds from the aerial parts of Caragana sinica. Helvetica Chimica Acta 88 (2005) 2315-2321
87. Woo E.-R., Kim H.J., Kwak J.H., Lim Y.K., Park S.K., Kim H.S., Lee C.-K., and Park H. Anti-herpetic activity of various medicinal plant extracts. Archives of Pharmacal Research 20 (1997) 58-67
88. In: Wu Z.Y. (Ed). Tibetan Flora (1985), Science Press, Beijing
89. Wu Z.Y. Compendium of New China (Xinhua) Herbal Medicine (1991), Shanghai Scientific and Technical Press, Shanghai (in Chinese)
90. Wu, Z.Y. (Ed.), 1991. Xin Hua Ben Cao Gang Yao. Science and Technology Press, Shanghai (in Chinese).
91. Wu A.M., Wu J.H., Chen Y.-Y., Tsai M.-S., and Herp A. Forssman pentasaccharide and polyvalent Gal[beta]1 → 4GlcNAc as major ligands with affinity for Caragana arborescens agglutinin. FEBS Letters 463 (1999) 225-230
92. Xiang T., Uno T., Ogino F., Ai C., Duo J., and Sankawa U. Antioxidant constituents of Caragana tibetica. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 53 (2005) 1204-1206
93. In: Xie Z.W., Fan C.S., and Zhu Z.Y. (Eds). Assembly of Herbal Medicines in China (Quanguo Zhongcaoyao Huibian) (1996), People's Medical Publishing House, Beijing (in Chinese)
94. In: Xu R.S. (Ed). Chemistry of Natural Products (2004), Science Press, Beijing
95. Xu G., Zhang L.P., Chen L.F., and Hu C.Q. Inhibition of protein kinase C by stilbenoids. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 29 (1994) 818-822
96. Yang G., and Hu C. A new stilbene tetramer from Caragana rosea. Chinese Chemistry Letters 14 (2003) 1048-1050
97. Yang G., and Hu C. A novel stilbenolignan from Caragana rosea Turcz. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry 23 (2003) 873-876
98. Yang J.Z., Li J.B., Zhang W.L., and Ding Y. Chemical constituents of the Tibetan medicinal plant Caragana jubata. Chinese Traditional Herbal Drugs 17 (2003) 344-345 Chinese
99. Yang G.-x., Zhou J.-t., Li Y.-z., and Hu C.-q. Anti-HIV bioactive stilbene dimers of Caragana rosea. Planta Medica 71 (2005) 569-571
100. Yang G., Qi J., Cheng K., and Hu C. Anti-HIV chemical constituents of aerial parts of Caragana rosea. Yaoxue Xuebao 42 (2007) 179-182 (in Chinese)
101. Yang Z., Li T., Yang M., and Li S. Research advancement of chemical constituents and their bioactivities from Caragana plants. Zhongchengyao 30 (2008) 1678-1681 (in Chinese)
102. Yang Z.-D., Xiao A.-R., Zhang X., Li T., and Li S. Chemical constituents from bark of Caragana opulens. Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials 31 (2008) 855-857 (in Chinese)
103. Yuldashev M.P., Batirov E.K., Butayarov A.V., Nigmatullaev A.M., and Tadzhybaev M.M. Flavonoids from the aerial parts of Caragana alaica. Rastitel'nye Resursy 36 (2000) 53-55
104. Zhang W.-P., Xu J.-H., and Tian D.-Z. A study on the anti-inflammatory effect of Caragana arborescens. Journal of Baotou College of Medicine 9 (1992) 2-6 (in Chinese)
105. Zhang L.P., Ju M.H., and Hu C.Q. Studies on isoflavones from Chinese peashrub (Caragana sinica). Chinese Traditional Herbal Drugs 27 (1996) 134-136 (in Chinese)
106. Zhang L., Ju M., and Hu C. Five isoflavonoid compounds from roots of Caragana sinica. Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 6 (1997) 122-124
107. Zhang H.Y., Jin S.Z., Dai Y.W., Xing X.J., and Jin S. Effect of Chinese peashrub (Caragana sinica) extract on platelet adhering function and experimental thrombosis in rabbits. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs 29 (1998) 393-395 (in Chinese)
108. Zhang B., Huai H.Y., and Du K. Study on the original plant resources of Tibetan medicine "Zuomaoxing". Zhongguo Yesheng Zhiwu Ziyuan 23 (2004) 12-17 (in Chinese)
109. Zhao, X.M. (Ed), 1765. Supplement to the Compendium of Materia Medica. The People's Medical Publishing House, Beijing, People's Republic of China (in Chinese).
110. Zhu L., and Xu X. Selective separation of active inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor from Caragana Jubata by molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction. Journal of Chromatography A 991 (2003) 151-158
111. Zhu L., Chen L., Luo H., and Xu X. Frontal affinity chromatography combined on-line with mass spectrometry: a tool for the binding study of different epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors. Analytical Chemistry 75 (2003) 6388-6393
112. Zhu L.L., Chen L.R., and Xu X.J. Application of a molecularly imprinted polymer for the effective recognition of different anti-epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors. Analytical Chemistry 75 (2003) 6381-6387