Effects of grazing exclusion on species composition in high-altitude grasslands of the Central Alps

Basic and Applied Ecology

Volumn 10, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 447-455

  Mayer, R ^a   Kaufmann, R ^a   Vorhauser, K ^b   Erschbamer, B ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF INNSBRUCK   (Austria)

^b NONE   (Italy)

Author keywords

C S R strategies; Exclosures; Functional groups; Life forms; Nutritive value; Redundancy analysis (RDA); Traditional grazing system

Indexed keywords

BRYOPHYTA; POACEAE;

EID: 67650661951     PISSN: 14391791     EISSN: 16180089     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2008.10.004     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Altesor A., Oesterheld M., Leoni E., Lezama F., and Rodriguez C. Effect of grazing on community structure and productivity of a Uruguayan grassland. Plant Ecology 179 (2005) 83-91
2. Binkley D., Singer F., Kaye M., and Rochelle R. Influence of elk grazing on soil properties in Rocky Mountain National Park. Forest Ecology and Management 185 (2003) 239-247
3. Bortenschlager S. Die Umwelt des Mannes aus dem Eis und sein einfluss darauf. In: Fowler B., Graber O., and DeStefano G.F. (Eds). Die Gletschermumie aus der Kupferzeit. Schriften des Süddt. Archäologiemuseums (1999), Folio Verlag, Wien 81-96
4. Buttolph L.P., and Coppock D.L. Influence of deferred grazing on vegetation dynamics and livestock productivity in an Andean pastoral system. Journal of Applied Ecology 41 (2004) 664-674
5. Caccianiga M., Luzzaro A., Pierce S., Ceriani R.M., and Cerabolini B. The functional basis of primary succession resolved by CSR classification. Oikos 112 (2006) 10-20
6. Camenisch M., and Schütz M. Temporal and spatial variability of the vegetation in a four-year exclosure experiment in Val Trupchun (Swiss National Park). In: Schütz M., Krüsi B.O., and Edwards P.J. (Eds). Succession research in the Swiss National Park Vol. 89 (2000), Naturpark-Forsch, Schweiz 165-188
7. Dietl W. Schafweiden im Alpsteingebiet (Ostschweizer Kalkalpen). Bericht Geobotanisches Insitut ETH Stiftung Rübel 49 (1982) 108-117
8. Dietl W. Ökologie und Wachstum von Futterpflanzen und Unkräutern des Graslandes. Schweiz. Landw. Fo. 21 1/2 (1982) 85-109
9. Dullinger S., Dirnböck T., Greimler J., and Grabherr G. A resampling approach for evaluating effects of pasture abandonment on subalpine plant species diversity. Journal of Vegetation Science 14 (2003) 243-252
10. Dupré C., and Diekmann M. Differences in species richness and life-history traits between grazed and abandoned grasslands in Southern Sweden. Ecography 24 (2001) 275-286
11. Erschbamer B., Moser C., and Vorhauser K. Effects of grazing exclusion in alpine grasslands in the Central Alps. Grassland Science in Europe 9 (2004) 284-286
12. Erschbamer B., Virtanen R., and Nagy L. The impacts of vertebrate grazers on vegetation in European high mountains. In: Nagy L., Grabherr G., Körner C., and Thompson D. (Eds). Alpine Biodiversity in Europe Vol. 167 (2003), Springer, Berlin 377-395
13. Fischer A., Adler W., and Oswald K. Exkursionsflora Österreich, Liechtenstein, Südtirol. 2nd ed. (2005), Oberösterreichisches Landesmuseum, Linz p. 1380
14. Fretwell S.D. The regulation of plant communities by food chains exploiting them. Perspectives of Biology and Medicine 22 (1977) 169-185
15. Grant S.A., Torvell L., Smith H.K., Suckling D.E., Forbes T.D.A., and Hodgson J. Comparative studies of diet selection by sheep and cattle: blanket bog and heather moor. Journal of Ecology 75 (1987) 947-960
16. Grime J.P. Plant strategies and vegetation processes (1979), Wiley, Chichester, UK
17. Grime J.P., Hodgson J., and Hunt R. Comparative plant ecology. A functional approach to common british species (1988), Unwin Hyman, London
18. Guggenberger T., De Ros G., and Venerus S. THE RIGHT PLACE. An integrated model for the evaluation of suitability and estimation of potential on alpine pastures for sheep and goats (2007), Federal Research and Education Centre (HBLFA), Raumberg-Gumpenstein, Irdning p. 70
19. Isselstein J., Griffith B.A., Pradel P., and Venerus S. Effects of livestock breed and grazing intensity on biodiversity and production in grazing systems, 1: Nutritive value of herbage and livestock performance. Grass and Forage Science 62 (2007) 145-158
20. Jewell P.L., Käuferle D., Güsewell S., Berry N.R., Kreuzer M., and Edwards P.J. Redistribution of phosphorus by cattle on a traditional mountain pasture in the Alps. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 122 (2007) 377-386
21. Luzzaro, A. (2004-2005). Plant strategies as a tool for describing and interpreting vegetation dynamics on alpine glacier forelands. Tesi di Dottorato di Ricerca in "Scienze Naturalistiche ed Ambientali" - XVIII Ciclo. Università degli studi di Milano.
22. Milchunas D.G., and Lauenroth W.K. Quantitative effects of grazing on vegetation and soils over a global range of environments. Ecological Monographs 63/4 (1993) 327-366
23. Mulder C.P.H. Vertebrate herbivores and plants in the Arctic and Subarctic: Effects on individuals, populations, communities and ecosystems. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 2/1 (1999) 29-55
24. Olofsson J. Short- and long-term effects of changes in reindeer grazing pressure on tundra heath vegetation. Journal of Ecology 94 (2006) 431-440
25. Pavlu V., Hejcman M., Pavlu L., and Gaisler J. Restoration of grazing management and its effects on vegetation in an upland grassland. Applied Vegetation Science 10 (2007) 375-382
26. Proulx M., and Mazumder A. Reversal of grazing impact on plant species richness in nutrient-poor vs. nutrient-rich ecosystems. Ecology 79/8 (1998) 2581-2592
27. Rook A.J., Dumont B., Isselstein J., Osoro K., WallisDeVries M.F., Parente G., et al. Matching type of livestock to desired biodiversity outcomes in pastures - a review. Biological Conservation 199 (2004) 137-150
28. Scheurer T. The history of botanical studies and permanent plot research in the Swiss National Park. In: Schütz M., Krüsi B.O., and Edwards P.J. (Eds). Succession research in the Swiss National Park Vol. 89 (2000), Naturpark-Forsch, Schweiz 9-25
29. Schneiter S. Die Reaktion eines alpinen Rasens auf die Aussetzung der Beweidung (1997), Uni Basel, Diplomarbeit
30. Schütz M., Wohlgemuth T., Achermann G., Krüsi B.O., and Gräminger H. Influence of increasing grazing pressure on species richness in subalpine grassland in the Swiss National Park. In: Schütz M., Krüsi B.O., and Edwards P.J. (Eds). Succession research in the Swiss National Park Vol. 89 (2000), Naturpark-Forsch, Schweiz 39-66
31. Ter Braak C.J.F., and Šmilauer P. CANOCO reference manual and user's guide to Canoco for WINDOWS (1998), Centre for Biometry, Wageningen
32. Virtanen R. Effects of grazing on above-ground biomass on a mountain snow-bed, NW Finland. Oikos 90 (2000) 295-300
33. Virtanen R., Salminen J., and Strömmer R. Soil and decomposer responses to grazing exclusion are weak in mountain snow-beds. Acta Oecologia 33 (2008) 207-212
34. Vorren K.-D., Mørkved B., and Bortenschlager S. Human impact of the holocene forest line in the Central Alps. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 2 (1993) 145-156
35. Williams A.D., Wells T.C.A., and Wells D.A. Grazing management of Woodwalton Fen: Seasonal changes in the diet of cattle and rabbits. Journal of Applied Ecology 11 (1974) 499-516
36. Wilson A.D., and Harrington G.N. Grazing ecology and animal production. In: Harrington G.N., Wilson A.D., and Young A.D. (Eds). Management of Australia's rangelands (1984), CISRO, Melbourne, Australia 63-77