The evolution of light skin color: Role of vitamin D disputed

American Journal of Physical Anthropology

Volumn 139, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 447-450

  Robins, Ashley H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN   (South Africa)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MELANIN; VITAMIN D;

DEPIGMENTATION; HUMAN; OSTEOMALACIA; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; RICKETS; SHORT SURVEY; SKIN COLOR; SKIN PIGMENTATION; SUN EXPOSURE; ULTRAVIOLET B RADIATION; VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY;

EVOLUTION; HISTORY, 19TH CENTURY; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HISTORY, ANCIENT; HISTORY, MEDIEVAL; HUMANS; RICKETS; SKIN PIGMENTATION; ULTRAVIOLET RAYS; VITAMIN D;

EID: 67650535493     PISSN: 00029483     EISSN: 10968644     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.21077     Document Type: Short Survey

References (38)

1. Brazerol WF, McPhee AJ, Mimouni F, Specker BL, Tsang RC. 1988. Serial ultraviolet B exposure and serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D response in young adult American blacks and whites: no racial differences. J Am Coll Nutr 7:111-118. (Pubitemid 18205794)
2. Chen TC, Chimeh F, Lu Z, Mathieu J, Person KS, Zhang A, Kohn N, Martinello S, Berkowitz R, Holick MF. 2007. Factors that influence the cutaneous synthesis and dietary sources of vitamin D. Arch Biochem Biophys 460:213-217. (Pubitemid 46613793)
3. Clemens TL, Adams JS, Henderson SL, Holick MF. 1982. Increased skin pigment reduces the capacity of skin to synthesise vitamin D3. Lancet 1:74-76. (Pubitemid 12248649)
4. Devgun MS, Paterson CR, Johnson BE, Cohen C. 1981. Vitamin D nutrition in relation to season and occupation. Am J Clin Nutr 34:1501-1504. (Pubitemid 12240453)
5. Ellis G, Woodhead JS, Cooke WT. 1977. Serum-25-hydroxyvitamin- D concentrations in adolescent boys. Lancet 1:825-828.
6. Ford JA, McIntosh WB, Butterfield R, Preece MA, Pietrek J, Arrowsmith WA, Arthurton MW, Turner W, O'Riordan JL, Dunnigan MG. 1976. Clinical and subclinical vitamin D deficiency in Bradford children. Arch Dis Child 51:939-943. (Pubitemid 8021027)
7. Goel KM, Sweet EM, Logan RW, Warren JM, Arneil GC, Shanks RA. 1976. Florid and subclinical rickets among immigrant children in Glasgow. Lancet 1:1141-1145.
8. Gordon CM, DePeter KC, Feldman HA, Grace E, Emans J. 2004. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among healthy adolescents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 158:531-537. (Pubitemid 38720483)
9. Hannan MT, Litman HJ, Araujo AB, McLennan CE, McLean RR, McKinlay JB, Chen TC, Holick MF. 2008. Serum 25- hydroxyvitamin D and bone mineral density in a racially and ethnically diverse group of men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93:40-46.
10. Harris SS. 2006. Vitamin D and African Americans. J Nutr 136:1126-1129.
11. Henry YM, Eastell R. 2000. Ethnic and gender differences in bone mineral density and bone turnover in young adults: effect of bone size. Osteoporos Int 11:512-517. (Pubitemid 30681649)
12. Holick MF, 2006a. High prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy and implications for health. Mayo Clin Proc 81:353-373. (Pubitemid 43334631)
13. Holick MF. 2006b. Resurrection of vitamin D deficiency and rickets. J Clin Invest 116:2062-2072.
14. Holick MF. 2007. Vitamin D deficiency. N Eng J Med 357:266-281.
15. Holick MF, MacLaughlin JA, Doppelt SH. 1981. Regulation of cutaneous previtamin D3: skin pigment is not an essential regulator. Science 211:590-593.
16. Jablonski NG. 2004. The evolution of human skin and skin color. Annu Rev Anthropol 33:585-623.
17. Jablonski NG, Chaplin G. 2000. The evolution of human skin coloration. J Hum Evol 39:57-106.
18. Lo CW, Paris PW, Holick MF. 1986. Indian and Pakistani immigrants have the same capacity as Caucasians to produce vitamin D in response to ultraviolet radiation. Am J Clin Nutr 44:683-685. (Pubitemid 17194674)
19. Looker AC, Dawson-Hughes B, Calvo MS, Gunter EW, Sahyoun NR. 2002. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status of adolescents and adults in two seasonal subpopulations from NHANES III. Bone 30:771-777. (Pubitemid 34468001)
20. Loomis WF. 1967. Skin-pigment regulation of vitamin-D biosynthesis in man. Science 157:501-506.
21. Matsuoka LY, Wortsman J, Chen TC, Holick MF. 1995. Compensation for the interracial variance in the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D. J Lab Clin Med 126:452-457.
22. Matsuoka LY, Wortsman J, Haddad JG, Kolm P, Hollis BW. 1991. Racial pigmentation and the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D. Arch Dermatol 127:536-538.
23. Mawer EB, Backhouse J, Holman CA, Lumb GA, Stanbury SW. 1972. The distribution and storage of vitamin D and its metabolites in human tissues. Clin Sci 43:413-431.
24. McGillivray G, Skull SA, Davie G, Kofoed S, Frydenberg L, Rice J, Cooke R, Carapetis JR. 2007. High prevalence of asymptomatic vitamin-D and iron deficiency in East African immigrant children and adolescents living in a temperate climate. Arch Dis Child 92:1088-1093. (Pubitemid 350221453)
25. Murray FG. 1934. Pigmentation, sunlight and nutritional disease. Am Anthrop 36:438-445.
26. Nesby-O'Dell S, Scanlon KS, Cogswell ME, Gillespie C, Hollis BW, Looker AC, Allen C, Doughertly C, Gunter EW, Bowman BA. 2002. Hypovitaminosis D prevalence and determinants among African American and white women of reproductive age: third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Am J Clin Nutr 76:187-192. (Pubitemid 34686565)
27. Ortner DJ, Mays S. 1998. Dry-bone manifestations of rickets in infancy and early childhood. Int J Osteoarchaeol 8:45-55. (Pubitemid 128441775)
28. Parra EJ. 2007. Human pigmentation variation: evolution, genetic basis, and implications for public health. Yrbk Phys Anthropol 50:85-105. (Pubitemid 350221252)
29. Robins AH. 1991. Biological perspectives on human pigmentation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
30. Rockell JE, Green TJ, Skeaff CM, Whiting S, Taylor RW, Williams SM, Parnell WR, Scragg R, Wilson N, Schaaf D, Fitzgerald ED, Wohlers MW. 2005. Season and ethnicity are determinants of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in New Zealand children aged 5-14y. J Nutr 135:2602-2608. (Pubitemid 43156601)
31. Specker BL, Valanis B, Hertzberg V, Edwards N, Tsang RC. 1985. Sunshine exposure and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in exclusively breast-fed infants. J Pediatr 107:372-376. (Pubitemid 15240790)
32. Stamp TCB. 1975. Factors in human vitamin D nutrition and in the production and cure of classical rickets. Proc Nutr Soc 34:119-130.
33. van der Mei IA, Ponsonby A-L, Engelson O, Pasco JA, McGrath JJ, Eyles DW, Blizzard L, Dwyer T, Lucas R, Jones G. 2007. The high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency across Australian populations is only partly explained by season and latitude. Environ Health Perspect 115:1132-1139. (Pubitemid 351802343)
34. Webb AR, Holick MF. 1988. The role of sunlight in the cutaneous production of vitamin D3. Annu Rev Nutr 8:375-399. (Pubitemid 19136332)
35. Webb AR, Kline L, Holick MF. 1988. Influence of season and latitude on the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D3: exposure to winter sunlight in Boston and Edmonton will not promote vitamin D3 synthesis in human skin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 67:373-378. (Pubitemid 18198353)
36. Wells C. 1975. Prehistoric and historical changes in nutritional diseases and associated conditions. Prog Food Nutr Sci 1:729-779.
37. Wharton B, Bishop N. 2003. Rickets. Lancet 362:1389-1400.
38. Wolpowitz D, Gilchrest BA. 2006. The vitamin D questions: how much do you need and how should you get it? J Am Acad Dermatol 54:301-317.