메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 58, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 227-231

The role of aquatic birds in the environmental dissemination of human pathogenic Giardia duodenalis cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in Hungary

Author keywords

Aquatic birds; Cryptosporidium; Giardia; Human pathogen

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BIRD; CONTROLLED STUDY; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; FECES ANALYSIS; GIARDIA DUODENALIS; HUNGARY; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; OOCYST; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

EID: 67650450176     PISSN: 13835769     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2009.05.004     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (50)

References (53)
  • 1
    • 33947263540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Waterborne transmission of protozoan parasites: a worldwide review of outbreaks and lessons learnt
    • Karanis P., Kourenti C., and Smith H. Waterborne transmission of protozoan parasites: a worldwide review of outbreaks and lessons learnt. J Water Health 5 (2007) 1-38
    • (2007) J Water Health , vol.5 , pp. 1-38
    • Karanis, P.1    Kourenti, C.2    Smith, H.3
  • 2
    • 1642515713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptosporidium taxonomy: recent advances and implications for public health
    • Xiao L., Fayer R., Ryan U., and Upton S.J. Cryptosporidium taxonomy: recent advances and implications for public health. Clin Microbiol Rev 17 (2004) 72-97
    • (2004) Clin Microbiol Rev , vol.17 , pp. 72-97
    • Xiao, L.1    Fayer, R.2    Ryan, U.3    Upton, S.J.4
  • 3
    • 38649110426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptosporidium fayeri n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae) from the Red Kangaroo (Macropus rufus)
    • Ryan U.M., Power M., and Xiao L. Cryptosporidium fayeri n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae) from the Red Kangaroo (Macropus rufus). J Eukaryot Microbiol 55 (2008) 22-26
    • (2008) J Eukaryot Microbiol , vol.55 , pp. 22-26
    • Ryan, U.M.1    Power, M.2    Xiao, L.3
  • 4
    • 47249118016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New species of Cryptosporidium Tyzzer, 1907 (Apicomplexa) from amphibian host: morphology, biology and phylogeny
    • Jirku M., Valigurová A., Koudela B., Krízek J., Modrý D., and Slapeta J. New species of Cryptosporidium Tyzzer, 1907 (Apicomplexa) from amphibian host: morphology, biology and phylogeny. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 55 (2008) 81-94
    • (2008) Folia Parasitol (Praha) , vol.55 , pp. 81-94
    • Jirku, M.1    Valigurová, A.2    Koudela, B.3    Krízek, J.4    Modrý, D.5    Slapeta, J.6
  • 5
    • 54349086042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptosporidium macropodum n.sp (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae) from eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus)
    • Power M., and Ryan U. Cryptosporidium macropodum n.sp (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae) from eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus). J Parasitol 94 (2008) 1114-1117
    • (2008) J Parasitol , vol.94 , pp. 1114-1117
    • Power, M.1    Ryan, U.2
  • 6
    • 50549099683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptosporidium ryanae n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae) in cattle (Bos taurus)
    • Fayer R., Santín M., and Trout J.M. Cryptosporidium ryanae n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae) in cattle (Bos taurus). Vet Parasitol 156 (2008) 191-198
    • (2008) Vet Parasitol , vol.156 , pp. 191-198
    • Fayer, R.1    Santín, M.2    Trout, J.M.3
  • 7
    • 9644289392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The zoonotic significance and molecular epidemiology of Giardia and giardiasis
    • Thompson R.C. The zoonotic significance and molecular epidemiology of Giardia and giardiasis. Vet Parasitol 126 (2004) 15-35
    • (2004) Vet Parasitol , vol.126 , pp. 15-35
    • Thompson, R.C.1
  • 8
    • 0033658151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of Cryptosporidium: transmission, detection and identification
    • Fayer R., Morgan U., and Upton S.J. Epidemiology of Cryptosporidium: transmission, detection and identification. Int J Parasitol 30 (2000) 1305-1322
    • (2000) Int J Parasitol , vol.30 , pp. 1305-1322
    • Fayer, R.1    Morgan, U.2    Upton, S.J.3
  • 9
    • 0033652240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging parasite zoonoses associated with water and food
    • Slifko T.R., Smith H.V., and Rose J.B. Emerging parasite zoonoses associated with water and food. Int J Parasitol 30 (2000) 1379-1393
    • (2000) Int J Parasitol , vol.30 , pp. 1379-1393
    • Slifko, T.R.1    Smith, H.V.2    Rose, J.B.3
  • 10
    • 22044433718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Giardia and Cryptosporidium in mammalian wildlife-current status and future needs
    • Appelbee A.J., Thompson R.C., and Olson M.E. Giardia and Cryptosporidium in mammalian wildlife-current status and future needs. Trends Parasitol 21 (2005) 370-376
    • (2005) Trends Parasitol , vol.21 , pp. 370-376
    • Appelbee, A.J.1    Thompson, R.C.2    Olson, M.E.3
  • 11
    • 33845514878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of novel Cryptosporidium genotypes from avian hosts
    • Ng J., Pavlasek I., and Ryan U. Identification of novel Cryptosporidium genotypes from avian hosts. Appl Environ Microbiol 72 (2006) 7548-7553
    • (2006) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.72 , pp. 7548-7553
    • Ng, J.1    Pavlasek, I.2    Ryan, U.3
  • 12
    • 0038154009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of novel Cryptosporidium genotypes from the Czech Republic
    • Ryan U., Xiao L., Read C., Zhou L., Lal A.A., and Pavlasek I. Identification of novel Cryptosporidium genotypes from the Czech Republic. Appl Environ Microbiol 69 (2003) 4302-4307
    • (2003) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.69 , pp. 4302-4307
    • Ryan, U.1    Xiao, L.2    Read, C.3    Zhou, L.4    Lal, A.A.5    Pavlasek, I.6
  • 13
    • 0036135302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in wild ducks along the Rio Grande River valley in southern New Mexico
    • Kuhn R.C., Rock C.M., and Oshima K.H. Occurrence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in wild ducks along the Rio Grande River valley in southern New Mexico. Appl Environ Microbiol 68 (2002) 161-165
    • (2002) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.68 , pp. 161-165
    • Kuhn, R.C.1    Rock, C.M.2    Oshima, K.H.3
  • 14
    • 3242761602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Host-adapted Cryptosporidium spp. in Canada geese (Branta canadensis)
    • Zhou L., Kassa H., Tischler M.L., and Xiao L. Host-adapted Cryptosporidium spp. in Canada geese (Branta canadensis). Appl Environ Microbiol 70 (2004) 4211-4215
    • (2004) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.70 , pp. 4211-4215
    • Zhou, L.1    Kassa, H.2    Tischler, M.L.3    Xiao, L.4
  • 15
    • 0347130082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic analysis of the hypervariable region of the 18S rRNA gene of Cryptosporidium oocysts in feces of Canada geese (Branta canadensis): evidence for five novel genotypes
    • Jellison K.L., Distel D.L., Hemond H.F., and Schauer D.B. Phylogenetic analysis of the hypervariable region of the 18S rRNA gene of Cryptosporidium oocysts in feces of Canada geese (Branta canadensis): evidence for five novel genotypes. Appl Environ Microbiol 70 (2004) 452-458
    • (2004) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.70 , pp. 452-458
    • Jellison, K.L.1    Distel, D.L.2    Hemond, H.F.3    Schauer, D.B.4
  • 17
    • 40649113924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia species in animals in irrigation catchments in the southwest of Australia
    • McCarthy S., Ng J., Gordon C., Miller R., Wyber A., and Ryan U.M. Prevalence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia species in animals in irrigation catchments in the southwest of Australia. Exp Parasitol 118 (2008) 596-599
    • (2008) Exp Parasitol , vol.118 , pp. 596-599
    • McCarthy, S.1    Ng, J.2    Gordon, C.3    Miller, R.4    Wyber, A.5    Ryan, U.M.6
  • 18
    • 67650364550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medema GJ Cryptosporidium and Giardia: new challenges to the water industry (pp. 85-98), Thesis Universiteit Utrecht; printed by Ipskamp, Amsterdam; 1999; ISBN:90-393-2120-5.
    • Medema GJ Cryptosporidium and Giardia: new challenges to the water industry (pp. 85-98), Thesis Universiteit Utrecht; printed by Ipskamp, Amsterdam; 1999; ISBN:90-393-2120-5.
  • 20
    • 62949129634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of free-ranging, captive, and domestic birds of Western Poland in environmental contamination with Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and Giardia lamblia cysts
    • Majewska A.C., Graczyk T.K., Słodkowicz-Kowalska A., Tamang L., Je{ogonek}drzejewski S., Zduniak P., et al. The role of free-ranging, captive, and domestic birds of Western Poland in environmental contamination with Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and Giardia lamblia cysts. Parasitol Res 104 (2009) 1093-1099
    • (2009) Parasitol Res , vol.104 , pp. 1093-1099
    • Majewska, A.C.1    Graczyk, T.K.2    Słodkowicz-Kowalska, A.3    Tamang, L.4    Jedrzejewski, S.5    Zduniak, P.6
  • 21
    • 38349113189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of birds in dissemination of human waterborne enteropathogens
    • Graczyk T.K., Majewska A.C., and Schwab K.J. The role of birds in dissemination of human waterborne enteropathogens. Trends Parasitol 24 (2008) 55-59
    • (2008) Trends Parasitol , vol.24 , pp. 55-59
    • Graczyk, T.K.1    Majewska, A.C.2    Schwab, K.J.3
  • 23
    • 15444364560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of procedures for direct extraction of Cryptosporidium DNA from water concentrates and for relief of PCR inhibitors
    • Jiang J., Alderisio K.A., Singh A., and Xiao L. Development of procedures for direct extraction of Cryptosporidium DNA from water concentrates and for relief of PCR inhibitors. Appl Environ Microbiol 71 (2005) 1135-1141
    • (2005) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.71 , pp. 1135-1141
    • Jiang, J.1    Alderisio, K.A.2    Singh, A.3    Xiao, L.4
  • 24
    • 0037465636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and genotyping of Giardia duodenalis from beef calves in Alberta, Canada
    • Appelbee A.J., Frederick L.M., Heitman T.L., and Olson M.E. Prevalence and genotyping of Giardia duodenalis from beef calves in Alberta, Canada. Vet Parasitol 112 (2003) 289-294
    • (2003) Vet Parasitol , vol.112 , pp. 289-294
    • Appelbee, A.J.1    Frederick, L.M.2    Heitman, T.L.3    Olson, M.E.4
  • 25
    • 2942595718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of Giardia duodenalis genotypes and subgenotypes in raw urban wastewater in Milwaukee, Wisconsin
    • Sulaiman I.M., Jiang J., Singh A., and Xiao L. Distribution of Giardia duodenalis genotypes and subgenotypes in raw urban wastewater in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Appl Environ Microbiol 70 (2004) 3776-3780
    • (2004) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.70 , pp. 3776-3780
    • Sulaiman, I.M.1    Jiang, J.2    Singh, A.3    Xiao, L.4
  • 26
    • 0037816434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in United Kingdom noncarbonated natural mineral waters and drinking waters by using a modified nested PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay
    • Nichols R.A., Campbell B.M., and Smith H.V. Identification of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in United Kingdom noncarbonated natural mineral waters and drinking waters by using a modified nested PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. Appl Environ Microbiol 69 (2003) 4183-4189
    • (2003) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.69 , pp. 4183-4189
    • Nichols, R.A.1    Campbell, B.M.2    Smith, H.V.3
  • 27
    • 53749097338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitive and specific detection of Cryptosporidium species in PCR-negative samples by loop-mediated isothermal DNA amplification and confirmation of generated LAMP products by sequencing
    • Bakheit M.A., Torra D., Palomino L.A., Thekisoe O.M., Mbati P.A., Ongerth J., et al. Sensitive and specific detection of Cryptosporidium species in PCR-negative samples by loop-mediated isothermal DNA amplification and confirmation of generated LAMP products by sequencing. Vet Parasitol 158 (2008) 11-22
    • (2008) Vet Parasitol , vol.158 , pp. 11-22
    • Bakheit, M.A.1    Torra, D.2    Palomino, L.A.3    Thekisoe, O.M.4    Mbati, P.A.5    Ongerth, J.6
  • 28
    • 67349221789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid identification of Giardia duodenalis by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) from faecal and environmental samples and comparative findings by PCR and real-time PCR methods
    • Plutzer J., and Karanis P. Rapid identification of Giardia duodenalis by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) from faecal and environmental samples and comparative findings by PCR and real-time PCR methods. Parasitol Res 104 (2009) 1527-1533
    • (2009) Parasitol Res , vol.104 , pp. 1527-1533
    • Plutzer, J.1    Karanis, P.2
  • 29
    • 0036239829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of eight Cryptosporidium genotypes in surface and waste waters in Europe
    • Ward P.I., Deplazes P., Regli W., Rinder H., and Mathis A. Detection of eight Cryptosporidium genotypes in surface and waste waters in Europe. Parasitology 124 (2002) 359-368
    • (2002) Parasitology , vol.124 , pp. 359-368
    • Ward, P.I.1    Deplazes, P.2    Regli, W.3    Rinder, H.4    Mathis, A.5
  • 30
    • 0029941572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of phase contrast microscopy and an immunofluorescence test for the detection of Giardia spp. in faecal specimens from cattle and wild rodents
    • Karanis P., Opiela K., Al-Arousi M., and Seitz H.M. A comparison of phase contrast microscopy and an immunofluorescence test for the detection of Giardia spp. in faecal specimens from cattle and wild rodents. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 90 (1996) 250-251
    • (1996) Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg , vol.90 , pp. 250-251
    • Karanis, P.1    Opiela, K.2    Al-Arousi, M.3    Seitz, H.M.4
  • 31
    • 56249115871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of loop-mediated isothermal amplification for detection of Toxoplasma gondii in water samples and comparative findings by polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence test (IFT)
    • Sotiriadou I., and Karanis P. Evaluation of loop-mediated isothermal amplification for detection of Toxoplasma gondii in water samples and comparative findings by polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence test (IFT). Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 62 (2008) 357-365
    • (2008) Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.62 , pp. 357-365
    • Sotiriadou, I.1    Karanis, P.2
  • 32
    • 50049135646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular epidemiology of giardiasis
    • Cacciò S.M., and Ryan U. Molecular epidemiology of giardiasis. Mol Biochem Parasitol 160 (2008) 75-80
    • (2008) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.160 , pp. 75-80
    • Cacciò, S.M.1    Ryan, U.2
  • 33
    • 2442706736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of Cryptosporidium isolates from cockatiels by direct sequencing of the PCR-amplified small subunit ribosomal RNA gene
    • Abe N., and Iseki M. Identification of Cryptosporidium isolates from cockatiels by direct sequencing of the PCR-amplified small subunit ribosomal RNA gene. Parasitol Res 92 (2004) 523-526
    • (2004) Parasitol Res , vol.92 , pp. 523-526
    • Abe, N.1    Iseki, M.2
  • 34
    • 4344628162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of the Cryptosporidium isolate from chickens in Japan by sequence analyses
    • Kimura A., Suzuki Y., and Matsui T. Identification of the Cryptosporidium isolate from chickens in Japan by sequence analyses. J Vet Med Sci 66 (2004) 879-881
    • (2004) J Vet Med Sci , vol.66 , pp. 879-881
    • Kimura, A.1    Suzuki, Y.2    Matsui, T.3
  • 35
    • 0034152602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptosporidium meleagridis in an Indian ring-necked parrot (Psittacula krameri)
    • Morgan U.M., Xiao L., Limor J., Gelis S., Raidal S.R., Fayer R., et al. Cryptosporidium meleagridis in an Indian ring-necked parrot (Psittacula krameri). Aust Vet J 78 (2002) 182-183
    • (2002) Aust Vet J , vol.78 , pp. 182-183
    • Morgan, U.M.1    Xiao, L.2    Limor, J.3    Gelis, S.4    Raidal, S.R.5    Fayer, R.6
  • 36
    • 0027748497 scopus 로고
    • The black-headed gull (Larus ridibundus L.), a new host for Cryptosporidium baileyi (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae)
    • Pavlásek I. The black-headed gull (Larus ridibundus L.), a new host for Cryptosporidium baileyi (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae). Vet Med (Praha) 38 (1993) 629-638
    • (1993) Vet Med (Praha) , vol.38 , pp. 629-638
    • Pavlásek, I.1
  • 37
    • 45849108707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upper respiratory tract infection caused by Cryptosporidium baileyi in three mixed-bred falcons (Falco rusticolus x Falco cherrug)
    • van Zeeland Y.R., Schoemaker N.J., Kik M.J., and van der Giessend J.W. Upper respiratory tract infection caused by Cryptosporidium baileyi in three mixed-bred falcons (Falco rusticolus x Falco cherrug). Avian Dis 52 (2008) 357-363
    • (2008) Avian Dis , vol.52 , pp. 357-363
    • van Zeeland, Y.R.1    Schoemaker, N.J.2    Kik, M.J.3    van der Giessend, J.W.4
  • 39
    • 0023282625 scopus 로고
    • Experimental Cryptosporidium parvum infections in chickens
    • Lindsay D.S., Blagburn B.L., and Ernest J.A. Experimental Cryptosporidium parvum infections in chickens. J Parasitol 73 (1987) 242-244
    • (1987) J Parasitol , vol.73 , pp. 242-244
    • Lindsay, D.S.1    Blagburn, B.L.2    Ernest, J.A.3
  • 40
    • 0024387609 scopus 로고
    • The pathogenicity of Cryptosporidium parvum Tyzzer, 1912 and C. baileyi Current, Upton et Haynes, 1986 for chickens
    • Palkovic L., and Marousek V. The pathogenicity of Cryptosporidium parvum Tyzzer, 1912 and C. baileyi Current, Upton et Haynes, 1986 for chickens. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 36 (1989) 209-217
    • (1989) Folia Parasitol (Praha) , vol.36 , pp. 209-217
    • Palkovic, L.1    Marousek, V.2
  • 41
    • 0343904557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptosporidiosis in birds-a review
    • Sréter T., and Varga I. Cryptosporidiosis in birds-a review. Vet Parasitol 87 (2000) 261-279
    • (2000) Vet Parasitol , vol.87 , pp. 261-279
    • Sréter, T.1    Varga, I.2
  • 42
    • 0042333301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The homologous and interspecies transmission of Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium meleagridis
    • Darabus G., and Olariu R. The homologous and interspecies transmission of Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium meleagridis. Pol J Vet Sci 6 (2003) 225-228
    • (2003) Pol J Vet Sci , vol.6 , pp. 225-228
    • Darabus, G.1    Olariu, R.2
  • 43
    • 0030614068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts is retained upon intestinal passage through a migratory water-fowl species (Canada goose, Branta canadensis)
    • Graczyk T.K., Cranfield M.R., Fayer R., Trout J., and Goodale H.J. Infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts is retained upon intestinal passage through a migratory water-fowl species (Canada goose, Branta canadensis). Trop Med Int Health 2 (1997) 341-347
    • (1997) Trop Med Int Health , vol.2 , pp. 341-347
    • Graczyk, T.K.1    Cranfield, M.R.2    Fayer, R.3    Trout, J.4    Goodale, H.J.5
  • 44
    • 0032126663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virulent avian Giardia duodenalis pathogenic for mice
    • Upcroft J.A., McDonnell P.A., and Upcroft P. Virulent avian Giardia duodenalis pathogenic for mice. Parasitol Today 14 (1998) 281-284
    • (1998) Parasitol Today , vol.14 , pp. 281-284
    • Upcroft, J.A.1    McDonnell, P.A.2    Upcroft, P.3
  • 45
    • 0031867815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Giardia sp. cysts and infectious Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in the feces of migratory Canada geese (Branta canadensis)
    • Graczyk T.K., Fayer R., Trout J.M., Lewis E.J., Farley C.A., Sulaiman I., et al. Giardia sp. cysts and infectious Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in the feces of migratory Canada geese (Branta canadensis). Appl Environ Microbiol 64 (1998) 2736-2738
    • (1998) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.64 , pp. 2736-2738
    • Graczyk, T.K.1    Fayer, R.2    Trout, J.M.3    Lewis, E.J.4    Farley, C.A.5    Sulaiman, I.6
  • 46
    • 50649101693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection and characterisation of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in Hungarian raw, surface and sewage water samples by IFT, PCR and sequence analysis of the SSUrRNA and GDH genes
    • Plutzer J., Karanis P., Domokos K., Törökné A., and Márialigeti K. Detection and characterisation of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in Hungarian raw, surface and sewage water samples by IFT, PCR and sequence analysis of the SSUrRNA and GDH genes. Int J Hyg Environ Health 11 (2008) 524-533
    • (2008) Int J Hyg Environ Health , vol.11 , pp. 524-533
    • Plutzer, J.1    Karanis, P.2    Domokos, K.3    Törökné, A.4    Márialigeti, K.5
  • 47
    • 36849061043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First investigations into the prevalence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp. in Hungarian drinking water
    • Plutzer J., Takó M.H., Márialigeti K., Törökné A., and Karanis P. First investigations into the prevalence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp. in Hungarian drinking water. J Water Health 5 (2007) 573-584
    • (2007) J Water Health , vol.5 , pp. 573-584
    • Plutzer, J.1    Takó, M.H.2    Márialigeti, K.3    Törökné, A.4    Karanis, P.5
  • 48
    • 0025948511 scopus 로고
    • Risk assessment and control of waterborne giardiasis
    • Rose J.B., Haas C.N., and Regli S. Risk assessment and control of waterborne giardiasis. Am J Public Health 81 (1991) 709-713
    • (1991) Am J Public Health , vol.81 , pp. 709-713
    • Rose, J.B.1    Haas, C.N.2    Regli, S.3
  • 49
    • 0033394114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virulence of three distinct Cryptosporidium parvum isolates for healthy adults
    • Okhuysen P.C., Chappell C.L., Crabb J.H., Sterling C.R., and DuPont H.L. Virulence of three distinct Cryptosporidium parvum isolates for healthy adults. J Infect Dis 180 (1999) 1275-1281
    • (1999) J Infect Dis , vol.180 , pp. 1275-1281
    • Okhuysen, P.C.1    Chappell, C.L.2    Crabb, J.H.3    Sterling, C.R.4    DuPont, H.L.5
  • 50
    • 0034840990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk assessment for Cryptosporidium: a hierarchical Bayesian analysis of human dose response data
    • Messner M.J., Chappell C.L., and Okhuysen P.C. Risk assessment for Cryptosporidium: a hierarchical Bayesian analysis of human dose response data. Water Res 35 (2001) 3934-3940
    • (2001) Water Res , vol.35 , pp. 3934-3940
    • Messner, M.J.1    Chappell, C.L.2    Okhuysen, P.C.3
  • 51
    • 0036721239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of human and bovine Cryptosporidium parvum in gnotobiotic pigs
    • Pereira S.J., Ramirez N.E., Xiao L., and Ward L.A. Pathogenesis of human and bovine Cryptosporidium parvum in gnotobiotic pigs. J Infect Dis 186 (2002) 715-718
    • (2002) J Infect Dis , vol.186 , pp. 715-718
    • Pereira, S.J.1    Ramirez, N.E.2    Xiao, L.3    Ward, L.A.4
  • 52
    • 9644264010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drinking water treatment processes for removal of Cryptosporidium and Giardia
    • Betancourt W.Q., and Rose J.B. Drinking water treatment processes for removal of Cryptosporidium and Giardia. Vet Parasitol 126 (2004) 219-234
    • (2004) Vet Parasitol , vol.126 , pp. 219-234
    • Betancourt, W.Q.1    Rose, J.B.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.