Doctors and drug companies: Is the dangerous liaison drawing to an end?

Zeitschrift fur Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualitat im Gesundheitswesen

Volumn 103, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 141-148

  Moynihan, Ray ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE   (Australia)

Author keywords

CME; Conflict of interests; Continuing medial education; Disease mongering; Key opinion leaders; Medicalisation; Pharmaceutical industry

Indexed keywords

EID: 67650306649     PISSN: 18659217     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.zefq.2009.03.022     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Moynihan R, Alosetron: a case study in regulatory capture, or a victory for patients' rights? BMJ Sep 2002;325:592-595.
2. Brownstein JS, Sordo M, Kohane IS, Mandl KD. The tell-tale heart: population-based surveillance reveals an association of rofecoxib and celecoxib with myocardial infarction. PLoS ONE. 2007 Sep 5;2(9):e840.
3. Moynihan R. The marketing of a disease: female sexual dysfunction. BMJ 2005;330:192-194.
4. Katz D, Caplan AL, Merz JF. All gifts large and small: toward an understanding of the ethics of pharmaceutical industry gift-giving. Am J Bioeth 2003;3(3):39-46.
5. Joel Lexchin, Lisa A Bero, Benjamin Djulbegovic, and Otavio Clark. Pharmaceutical industry sponsorship and research outcome and quality: systematic review. BMJ May 2003;326:1167-1170.
6. Moynihan R. Doctors' education: the invisible influence of drug company sponsorship. BMJ 2008; 336:416-417.
7. Moynihan R. Key opinion leaders: independent experts or drug representatives in disguise. BMJ 2008;336:1402-1403 (21 June), doi:10.1136/bmj. 39575.675787.651'.
8. The Healthy Skepticism site has many references, www.healthskepticism.org
9. Moynihan R, Cassels A. Selling sickness: how drug companies are turning us all into patients. Sydney: Allen and Unwin, 2005.
10. For example in Germany experts who works for the Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Healthcare (IQWiG), declare conflicts-of-interest. See http:// www.iqwig.de/index.523.en.html
11. 31st May 2003 BMJ edition.
12. House of Commons Health Committee "Influence of the pharmaceutical industry", Fourth report of session 2004-2005, Volume 1, 22 March, 2005.
13. Joel Lexchin, Lisa A Bero, Benjamin D. Julbegovic, and Otavio Clark. Pharmaceutical industry sponsorship and research outcome and quality: systematic review. BMJ May 2003;326:1167-1170.
14. J Lexchin - personal communications.
15. Podolosky S and Green J. JAMA 2008 Vol 3, No 7, pp. 831-833.
16. Robert F Woollard. Continuing medical education in the 21st century. BMJ 2008;337:a119.
17. Suzanne Fletcher Pharma and CME: View from the US. BMJ 2008;337:a1023.
18. Wazana A. Physicians and the pharmaceutical industry: is a gift ever just a gift? JAMA 2000;283:373-80.
19. Moynihan R. The Australian, Health seminars spruik drug firms, February 22, 2008, Page 1.
20. Moynihan R, Burne M, Carlisle W. ABC Radio Background Briefing, Paying the medical piper, February 24, 2008.
21. Moynihan R. Doctors' education: the invisible influence of drug company sponsorship. BMJ 2008;336:416-417.
22. Moynihan R. Key opinion leaders: independent experts or drug representatives in disguise. BMJ 2008;336:1402-1403 (21 June), doi:10.1136/bmj. 39575.675787.651.
23. Marketwire. Large pharmaceutical companies tend to pay triple what other size companies do for KOL speakers. Press release, 19 March, 2008.
24. Cook J. Practical guide to medical education. Pharmaceutical Marketing 2001 ;6:14-22.
25. Godlee F. Key Opinion Leaders Your time is up. BMJ 2008;336 (21 June), doi:10.1136/bmj.a413.
26. This segment is based on the book: Moynihan R, Cassels A. Selling sickness: how drug companies are turning us all into patients. Sydney: Allen and Unwin, 2005.
27. oynihan R, Cassels A. Selling sickness: how drug companies are turning us all into patients. Sydney: Allen and Unwin, 2005 p ix.
28. PLOS medicine theme issue, April 2006 http:// medicine.plosjournals.org/ perlserv/?request=get-do- cument&doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.0030191
29. Parry V. The art of branding a condition, MM&M, May2003, pp. 43-9.
30. Mhe material from this paragraph comes from Moynihan R, Cassels A. Selling sickness: how drug companies are turning us all into patients. Sydney: Allen and Unwin, 2005, Chapter 4.
31. The material from this paragraph comes from Moynihan R, Cassels A. Selling sickness: how drug companies are turning us all into patients. Sydney: Allen and Unwin, 2005, Chapter 1.
32. The material from this paragraph comes from Moynihan R, Cassels A. Selling sickness: how drug companies are turning us all into patients. Sydney: Allen and Unwin, 2005, Chapter 10.
33. http://www.boehringer-ingelheim.corri/corporate/ news/press-releases/ detail.asp?ID=5514
34. The material from this paragraph comes from Moynihan R, Cassels A. Selling sickness: how drug companies are turning us all into patients. Sydney: Allen and Unwin, 2005, Chapter 10.
35. As mentioned earlier in Germany experts who works for the Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Healthcare (IQWiG), declare conflicts-of-interest. See http://www.iqwig.de/index.523.en.html The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence in the United Kingdom, and the Food and Drug Administration in the United States are also examples where advisers are required to disclose.
36. Medicines Australia. Member company reports. http://www. medicinesaustralia.com.au/pages/ page155.asp. Non-member company reports. http://www.medicinesaustralia.com.au/pages/ page174.asp
37. Australian Competition and Consumer Commission. Australian Competition Tribunal affirms ACCC's decision on extra reporting for Medicines Australia code. Press release MR 163/07, 27 June 2007. httpy/www.accc.gov.au/content/ index.phtml/itemld/ 790845/fromltemld/621589?pageDefinitionltemld= 16940).
38. Medicines Australia. Medicines Australia sets world-first in transparency. Press release, 28 March 2008. http://www.medicinesaustralia.com. au/pages/ images/MR%20Mar%202803%20MA%20sets%20 precedent65.pdf).
39. Sorrell WH. Pharmaceutical marketing disclosures. www.atg.state.vt.us/ upload/ 1215544954-2008-Pharmaceutical-Marketing-Disclosures-Report.pdf
40. Moynihan R, Robertson J, Walkom E, Bero L, Henry D. A descriptive analysis of the world's first comprehensive disclosure of pharmaceutical industry funded events for health professionals (in press).
41. Ross JS, Lackner JE, Lurie P, Gross CP, Wolfe S, Krumholz HM. Pharmaceutical company payments to physicians: early experiences with disclosure laws in Vermont and Minnesota. JAMA 2007 Mar 21;297(11):1216-23.
42. Boseley S and Evans R. Drug giants accused over doctors' perks The Guardian, Saturday August 23 2008.
43. Moynihan R. Is the relationship between pharma and medical education on the rocks? BMJ 2008;337:a925.
44. www.healthskepticism.org
45. Association of American Medical Colleges. Industry funding of medical education: report of an AAMC task force, June 2008. https://services.aamc.org/ Publications/index.cfm?fuseaction=Product.displayForm&prd-id=232&prvjd= 281
46. Fletcher S. Continuing education in the health professions: improving healthcare through lifelong learning. Chairman's summary of the conference. Josiah Macy Jr Foundation, 2008. www.josiahmacy foundation.org/documents/Ivlacy- ContEd-1-7-08.pdf).
47. Robert F Woollard. Continuing medical education in the 21st century. BMJ 2008;337:a119.