Africa for africans or Africa for "natives" only? "new nationalism" and nativism in Zimbabwe and South Africa

Africa Spectrum

Volumn 44, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 61-78

  Ndlovu Gatsheni, Sabelo J ^a  

^a OPEN UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Africa; Nationalism; Nativism; South Africa; Zimbabwe

Indexed keywords

EID: 67650156425     PISSN: 00020397     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/000203970904400105     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Alexander, N. (2002), Approaches to the National Question in South Africa, in: Transformation, 1, 1-26.
2. Amin, S. (1981), Class and Nation, London: Heinemann.
3. Appiah, K. A. (1992), In My Father's House: Africa in the Philosophy of Culture, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
4. Barber, J. (1999), South Africa in the Twentieth Century: A Political History - In Search of a Nation State, Oxford: Blackwell.
5. Bull Christiansen, L. (2004), Tales of the Nation: Feminist Nationalism or Patriotic History? Defining National History and Identity in Zimbabwe, Uppsala: Nordic Africa Institute.
6. Chen, K.-H. (1998), Introduction: The Decolonization Question, in: Kuan- Hsing Chen (ed.), Trajectories: Inter-Asia Cultural Studies, London: Roudedge, 1-24.
7. Davis, S. M. (1998), Apartheid's Rebels: Inside South Africa's Hidden War, Cape Town: AD Donker.
8. Degenaar, J. (1991), Nations and Nationalism: The Myth of a South African Nation, in: IDASA Occasional Paper, 40, 1-17.
9. Desai, R. (2008), Conclusion: From Developmental Nationalism to Cultural Nationalisms, in: Third World Quarterly, 29, 3, 647-670.
10. Dorman, S., D. Hammett, and P. Nugent (2007), Introduction: Citizenship and its Causalities in Africa, in: S. Dorman, D. Hammett, and P. Nugent (eds.), Making Nations, Creating Strangers: States and Citizenship in Africa, Leiden and Boston: Brill, 3-28.
11. Driver, C. J. (1980), Patrick Duncan: South African and Pan African, London: Heinemann.
12. Ekeh, P. P. (1975), Colonialism and the Two Publics in Africa: A Theoretical Statement, in: Comparative Studies in Society and History, 17, 1, 613-640.
13. Fanon, F. (1968/1990), The Wretched of the Earth, New York: Grove.
14. Fredrickson, G. M. (1995), Black Liberation: A Comparative History of Black Ideologies in the United States and South Africa, New York: Oxford University Press.
15. Gerhart, G. M. (1978), Black Power in South Africa: The Evolution of an Ideology, Berkeley: University of California Press.
16. Halisi, C. R. D. (1997), From Liberation to Citizenship: Identity and Innovation in Black South African Political Thought, in: Society for Comparative Study of Society and History, 39, 1, 63-85.
17. Hammar, A., B. Raftopoulos, and S. Jensen (2003), Zimbabwe's Unfinished Business: Rethinking Land, State and Nation, in: A. Hammar, B. Raftopoulos, and S. Jensen (eds.), Zimbabwe's Unfinished Business: Rethinking hand, State and Nation in the Context of Crisis, Harare: Weaver Press, 1-23.
18. Hardt, M., and A. Negri (2000), Empire, Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
19. Herald, 6 December 1997.
20. Johnson, K. (2005), Whither Nationalism? Are We Entering An Era of Post- Nationalist Politics in Southern Africa?, in: Transformation, 58, 1-19.
21. Joseph, H. (1998), If This Be Treason: Helen Joseph's Dramatic Diary of the Treason Trial, 1956-1961, Johannesburg: Contra Press.
22. Mafolo, T. (2006a), By Invitation: Native Antidote to Liberals, in: Financial Mail, 19 May.
23. Mafolo, T. (2006b), The Third Pillar of Our Transformation, in: Umrabulo, 26.
24. Maloka, E. (2006), The Native Club and the National Democratic Project, in: Umrabulo, 26.
25. Mamdani, M. (2001), When Does a Setder Become a Native? Citizenship and Identity in a Settler Society, in: Pretext: Literacy and Cultural Studies, 10, 1, 63-73.
26. Mbembe, A. (2008), Afrique du Sud - la vitrine se brise, in: Le Messager, Douala, online, 29 May.
27. Mbembe, A. (2006), South Africa's Second Coming: The Nongqawuse Syndrome, online: (November 30, 2008).
28. Mbembe, A. (2002), The Power of the False, in: Public Culture, 14, 3, 629-630.
29. Mbembe, A. (2001), On the Postcolony, Berkeley: University of California Press.
30. th Anniversary Conference on "Intellectuals, Nationalism and Pan-African Ideal", Dakar, Senegal, December, 1-23.
31. Moyo, S., and P. Yeros (2007), The Radicalised State: Zimbabwe's Interrupted Revolution, in: Review of African Political "Economy, 111, 103-123.
32. Moyo, S., J. Makumbe, and B. Raftopoulos (2000), NGOs, the State and Politics in Zimbabwe, Harare: SAPES Books.
33. Mugabe, R. (2001), Inside the Third Chimurenga, Harare: Government Printer.
34. Mugabe, R. (2000), Speech at an Extraordinary ZANU-PF Congress, December.
35. Ndlovu-Gatsheni, S. J. (2008), Black Republican Tradition, Nativism and Populist Politics in South Africa, in: Transformation: Critical Perspectives on Southern Africa, 68, 53-85.
36. Ndlovu-Gatsheni, S. J. (2007), Tracking the Historical Roots of Post-Apartheid Citizenship Problems in South Africa, Leiden: African Studies Centre (= Working Paper 72), 1-66.
37. Ndlovu-Gatsheni, S. J. (2006), The Nativist Revolution and the Development Conundrums in Zimbabwe, in: ACCORD Occasional Paper Series, vol. 1, 4, 1-40.
38. Neocosmos, M. (2006), From "Foreign Natives" to "Native Foreigners": Explaining Xenophobia in Post-apartheid South Africa: Citizenship and Nationalism, Identity and Politics, Dakar: CODESRIA Books.
39. Nevin, T. (2006), New club triggers race tensions: Black South Africans have been left in an intellectual limbo and need to correct this by organising themselves into discussion and debating forums, in: African Business, 1, October.
40. Nkomo, J. (1984), Nkomo: The Story of My Life, London: Methuen.
41. Osaghae, E. E. (2005), The State of Africa's Second Liberation, in: Interventions, !, 1, 1-20.
42. Parry, B. (1994), Postcolonial Studies: A Marxist Critique, London & New York: Roudedge.
43. Peires, J. B. (1989), The Dead Will Arise: Nongqawuse and the Great Xhosa Cattle- Killing Movement of 1856-7, Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
44. Picard, L. A. (2005), The State of the State: Institutional Transformation, Capacity and Political Change in South Africa, Johannesburg: University of Witwatersrand Press.
45. Pityana, N. B. (2006), Perspectives on Leadership and the Silences of Reason : The Second J. D. Baqwa Memorial Lecture, text of the lecture presented at the University of Cape Town, 3 August.
46. Raftopoulos, B. (2007), Nation, Race and History in Zimbabwe's Politics, in: Sara Dorman, Daniel Hammet, and Paul Nugent (eds.), Making Nations, Creating Strangers: States and Citizens in Africa, Leiden & Boston: Brill, 101-120.
47. Ranger, T. (2004), Nationalist Historiography, Patriotic History and History of the Nation: The Struggle over the Past in Zimbabwe, in: Journal of Southern African Studies, 30, 2, June, 215-234.
48. Ranger, T. (1999), Voices from the Rocks: Nature, Culture and History in the Matopos Hills of Zimbabwe, Harare: Baobab.
49. Sachikonye, L. M. (2003), From Growth with Equity to "Fast Track" Reform: Zimbabwe's Land Question, in: Review of African Political Economy, 96, 227-240.
50. Scott, J. C. (1990), Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcripts, New York: Yale University Press.
51. Southern Africa Report, 15, 1, (June 2000).
52. Tendi, B. M. (2008), Patriotic History and Public Intellectuals Critical Of Power, in: Journal of Southern African Studies, 34, 2, 13-26.
53. The Sunday Mail, 16 March 2003.
54. The Sunday Times, 28 October 2007.
55. Tsotsi, B. (1982), On National Question, in: Solidarity, 9, 34-56.
56. Willems, W. and S. J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni (2008), Celebrating Which "Nation"? Galas, Bashes and the Politics of Commemoration under the Third Chimurenga, paper presented at the Towards Cultural Constructions of Zimbabwe Workshop, University of Oxford, 27 June.