Exploring currents and heat within the North Sea using a numerical model

Journal of Marine Systems

Volumn 78, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 180-192

  Hjøllo, Solfrid Sætre ^a,b   Skogen, Morten D ^a,b   Svendsen, Einar ^a,b  

^a INSTITUTE OF MARINE RESEARCH   (Norway)

^b BJERKNES CENTRE FOR CLIMATE RESEARCH   (Norway)

Author keywords

Bipolar circulation pattern; Heat content; Hydrography; Long term climate variability; Northeastern North Atlantic; NORWECOM; Validation; Volume transport

Indexed keywords

BIPOLAR CIRCULATION PATTERN; HEAT CONTENT; HYDROGRAPHY; LONG-TERM CLIMATE VARIABILITY; NORTHEASTERN NORTH ATLANTIC; NORWECOM; VALIDATION; VOLUME TRANSPORT;

ARCTIC ENGINEERING; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE; CLIMATOLOGY; HYDROLOGY; MODELS; NAVIGATION; WEATHER FORECASTING;

ENTHALPY;

ATMOSPHERIC FORCING; ECOSYSTEM MODELING; HEAT TRANSFER; HYDROGRAPHY; NORTH ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; NUMERICAL MODEL; NUTRIENT CYCLING; OCEANIC CIRCULATION; OCEANIC CURRENT; PHYTOPLANKTON; THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELING; VOLUME TRANSPORT; WEATHER FORECASTING;

ATLANTIC OCEAN; NORTH SEA;

EID: 67650108496     PISSN: 09247963     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2009.06.001     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Aksnes D.L., Ulvestad K.B., Balino B., Berntsen J., Egge J., and Svendsen E. Ecological modelling in coastal waters: towards predictive physical-chemical-biological simulation models. Ophelia 41 (1995) 5-36
2. Blumberg A.F., and Mellor G.L. In: Heaps N. (Ed). A Description of a Three-Dimensional Coastal Ocean Circulation Model. Three-Dimensional Coastal Ocean Models vol. 4 (1987), American Geophysical Union, DC, USA 1-16
3. Danielssen D.S., Edler L., Fonselius S., Hernroth L., Ostrowski M., Svendsen E.L., and Talpsepp L. Oceanographic variability in the Skagerrak and Northern Kattegat, May-June, 1990. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 54 (1997) 753-773
4. Egenberg, B., 1993. The relationship between hydrographical variability in coastal water and meteorological and hydrological parameters. M.Phil. thesis, Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, Norway, 73pp, in Norwegian.
5. Frank K.T., Petrie B., and Shackell N.L. The ups and downs of trophic control in continental shelf ecosystems. Opinion TRENDS in Ecology and Evolution vol. 22(5) (2007)
6. Frederiksen M., Edwards M., Richardson A.J., Halliday N.C., and Wanless S. From plankton to top predators: bottom-up control of a marine food web across four trophic levels. J. Anim. Ecol. 75 6 (2006) 1259-1268 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2006.01148.x
7. Frederiksen M., Furness R.W., and Wanless S. Regional variation in the role of bottom-up and top-down processes in controlling sand eel abundance in the North Sea. Mar. Ecol., Prog. Ser. 337 (2007) 279-286 10.3354/meps337279
8. Gjøsæter H., and Bogstad B. Effects of the presence of herring (Clupea harengus) on the stock-recruitment relationship of Barents Sea capelin (Mallotus villosus). Fish. Res. 38 (1998) 57-71
9. Hátún H., Sandø A.B., Drange H., Hansen B., and Valdimarsson H. Influence of the Atlantic subpolar gyre on the thermohaline circulation. Science 309 (2005) 1841-1844
10. Holt J., and Proctor R. The seasonal circulation and volume transport on the northwest European continental shelf: a fine-resolution model study. J. Geophys. Res. C113 C6 (2008)
11. Hurrell J.W. Decadal trends in the North Atlantic Oscillation: regional temperatures and precipitation. Science 169 (1995) 676-679
12. Huse G., Salthaug A., and Skogen M.D. Indications of a negative impact of herring on recruitment of Norway pout. ICES J. Mar. Sci 65 (2008) 906-911 10.1093/icesjms/fsn074
13. Iversen S.A., Skogen M.D., and Svendsen E. Availability of horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) in the north-eastern North Sea, predicted by the transport of Atlantic water. Fish. Oceanogr. 11 4 (2002) 245-250
14. Kangas T.-V., Svendsen E., and Strand Ø. Average value of salinity and temperature in the Institute of Marine Research's fixed stations. Fisken og Havet 6/2006, Institute of Marine Research, Pb.1870, N-5024 Bergen, Norway, in Norwegian (2006) 51 pp.
15. Kauker F., and von Storch H. Statistics of "synoptic circulation weather" in the North Sea as derived from a multiannual OGCM simulation. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 30 (2000) 3039-3049
16. Klein H., Frohse A., Löwe P., Schulz A., and Tschersich G. ICES WGOH Report 2007 (2007)
17. MacKenzie B.R., and Schiedek D. Long-term sea surface temperature baselines-time series, spatial covariation and implications for biological processes. J. Mar. Syst. 68 (2007) 405-420
18. Martinsen E.A., and Engedahl H. Implementing and testing of a lateral boundary scheme as an open boundary condition in a barotropic ocean model. Coast. Eng. 11 (1987) 603-627
19. Martinsen E.A., Engedahl H., Ottersen G., Ådlandsvik B., Loeng H., and Balino B. MetOcean MOdeling Project, climatological and hydrographical data for hindcast of ocean currents. Tech. rep. vol. 100 (1992), The Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway 93 pp.
20. Mauritzen C., Hjøllo S.S., and Sandø A.B. Passive tracers and active dynamics - a model study of hydrography and circulation in the northern North Atlantic. J. Geophys. Res. 111 C08014 (2006) 10.1029/2005JC003252
21. Moll A., and Radach G. Review of three-dimensional ecological modelling related to the North Sea shelf system. Part 1: models and their results. Prog. Oceanogr. 57 (2003) 175-217
22. Oreskes N., Shrader-Frechette, and Belitz K. Verification, validation, and confirmation of numerical models in the earth sciences. Science 263 (1994) 641-646 10.1126/science.263.5147.641
23. Otto L., Zimmerman J.T.F., Furnes G.K., Mork M., Sætre R., and Becker G. Review of the physical oceanography of the North Sea. Neth. J. Sea Res. 26 (1990) 161-238
24. Philippart C.J.M., Anadón R., Danovaro R., Dippner J.W., Drinkwater K.F., Hawkins S.J., O'Sulivan G., Oguz T., and Reid P.C. Climate change impacts on the European marine and coastal environment. Marine Board-ESF Position Paper vol. 9 (2007) 82 pp.
25. Prandle D., Ballard G., Flatt D., Harrison A.J., Jones S.E., Knight P.J., Loch S., McManus J., Player R., and Tappin A. Combining modelling and monitoring to determine fluxes of water, dissolved and particulate metals through the Dover Strait. Cont. Shelf Res. 16 2 (1996) 237-257
26. Radach G., and Moll A. Review of three-dimensional ecological modelling related to the North Sea shelf system - part 2: model validation and data needs. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review vol. 44 (2006) 1-60
27. Rodhe J. On the dynamics of the large-scale circulation of the Skagerrak. J. Sea Res. 35 1-3 (1996) 9-21
28. Røed L.P., and Albertsen J. The impact of freshwater discharges on the ocean circulation in the Skagerrak/northern North Sea area part I: model validation. Ocean Dyn. 57 4-5 (2007) 269-285
29. Rydberg L., Haamer J., and Liungman O. Fluxes of water and nutrients within and into the Skagerrak. J. Sea Res. 35 (1996) 23-38
30. Schrum C., Alekseeva I., and St. John M. Development of a coupled physical-biological ecosystem model ECOSMO part I: model description and validation for the North Sea. J. Mar. Syst. 61 1-2 (2006) 79-99
31. Sharples J., Ross O.N., Beth E., Scott B.E., Simon P.R., Greenstreet S.P.R., and Fraser H. Inter-annual variability in the timing of stratification and the spring bloom in the north-western North Sea. Cont. Shelf Res. 26 (2006) 733-751
32. Skogen M.D., and Søiland H. A user's guide to NORWECOM v2.0. The NORWegian ECOlogical Model system. Tech. rep. Fisken og Havet 18/98. Institute of Marine Research, Pb.1870, N-5024 Bergen, Norway (1998) 42 pp.
33. Skogen M., and Moll A. Importance of ocean circulation in ecological modeling: an example from the North Sea. J. Mar. Syst. 57 3-4 (2005) 289-300
34. Skogen M.D., Svendsen E., Berntsen J., Aksnes D., and Ulvestad K.B. Modelling the primary production in the North Sea using a coupled 3 dimensional physical chemical biological ocean model. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 41 (1995) 545-565
35. Skogen M.D., Svendsen E., and Ostrowski M. Quantifying volume transports during SKAGEX with the Norwegian Ecological Model system. Cont. Shelf Res. 17 15 (1997) 1817-1837
36. Skogen M.D., Søiland H., and Svendsen E. Effects of changing nutrient loads to the North Sea. J. Mar. Syst. 46 1-4 (2004) 23-38
37. Søiland H., and Skogen M.D. Validation of a 3-D biophysical model using nutrient observations in the North Sea. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 57 4 (2000) 816-823
38. Stigebrandt A. Barotropic and baroclinic response of a semi-enclosed basin to barotropic forcing of the sea. In: Freeland H.J., Farmer D.M., and Levings C.D. (Eds). Proceeding of the NATO Conference on Fjord Oceanography (1980), PlenumPress, New York 141-164
39. Stips A., Bolding K., Pohlmann T., and Burchard H. Simulating the temporal and spatial dynamics of the North Sea using the new model GETM (general estuarine transport model). Ocean Dyn. 54 2 (2004) 266-283
40. Sundby S., and Drinkwater K. On the mechanisms behind salinity anomaly signals of the northern North Atlantic. Prog. Oceanogr. 73 2 (2007) 190-202
41. Svendsen E., Sætre R., and Mork M. Features of the northern North Sea circulation. Cont. Shelf Res. 11 5 (1991) 493-508
42. Svendsen E., Berntsen J., Skogen M.D., Ådlandsvik B., and Martinsen E. Model simulation of the Skagerrak circulation and hydrography during SKAGEX. J. Mar. Syst. 8 3-4 (1996) 219-236
43. Svendsen E., Skogen M., Budgell P., Huse G., Stiansen J.E., Ådlandsvik B., Vikebø F., Asplin L., and Sundby S. An ecosystem modeling approach to predicting cod recruitment. Deep-Sea Res., Part 2, Top. Stud. Oceanogr. 54 (2007) 23-26
44. Wakelin S.L., Holt J.T., and Proctor R. The influence of initial conditions and open boundary conditions on shelf circulation in a 3D ocean-shelf model of the North East Atlantic. Ocean Dyn. 59 1 (2009) 67-81
45. Winther N.G., and Johannessen J.A. North Sea circulation: Atlantic inflow and its destination. J. Geophys. Res. 111 (2006) C12018 10.1029/2005JC003310