Chapter 2 The glass transition: Its measurement and underlying physics

Handbook of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry

Volumn 3, Issue , 2002, Pages 49-109

  McKenna, Gregory B ^a   Simon, Sindee L ^a  

^a Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 67649586633     PISSN: 15734374     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/S1573-4374(02)80005-X     Document Type: Chapter

References (171)

1. In: Seyler R.J. (Ed). Assignment of the Glass Transition (1994), American Society of Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA
2. Glotzer S.C. Comp. Mater. Sci. 4 (1995) 283
3. Anderson P.W. Science 267 (1995) 1616
4. Ehrenfest P. Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen 36 (1933) 153
5. nd edition (1972), Wiley, New York
6. McKenna G.B. In: Booth C., and Price C. (Eds). Polymer Properties. Comprehensive Polymer Science Vol. 2 (1989), Pergamon, Oxford
7. Aklonis J.J., and MacKnight W.J. Introduction to Polymer Viscoelasticity (1983), Wiley, New York
8. Haward R.N. The Physics of Glassy Polymers (1973), Wiley, New York
9. Kovacs A.J. Fortschritte der Hochpolymeren-Forschung 3 (1963) 394
10. McKinney J.E., and Goldstein M. J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stan. 78A (1974) 331
11. Colucci D.M., McKenna G.B., Filliben J.J., Lee A., Curtiss D.B., Bowman K.B., and Russell J.D. J. Polym. Sci., Phys. Ed. 35 (1997) 1561
12. Moynihan C.T., Macedo P.B., Montrose C.J., Gupta P.K., DeBolt M.A., Dill J.F., Dom B.E., Drake P.W., Esteal A.J., Elterman P.B., Moeller R.P., Sasabe H., and Wilder J.A. Ann. NY. Acad. Sci. 279 (1976) 15
13. Scherer G.W. Relaxation in Glass and Composites (1986), Wiley, New York
14. Hodge I.M. J. Non-cryst. Solids 169 (1994) 211
15. Tool A.Q. J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stan. 37 (1946) 73
16. Tool A.Q. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 29 (1946) 240
17. Struik L.C.E. Physical Aging in Polymers and Other Amorphous Materials (1978), Elsevier, Amsterdam
18. Hutchinson J.M. Prog. Polym. Sci. 20 (1995) 703
19. Simon S.L., and McKenna G.B. Proceedings of the North American Thermal Analysis Society (1997) 358
20. Simon S.L., and McKenna G.B. Thermochim. Acta 307 (1997) 1
21. McKenna G.B. J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stan. 99 (1994) 169
22. McKenna G.B. J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys. 34 (1996) 2463
23. Narayanaswamy O.S. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 54 (1971) 491
24. Kovacs A.J., Aklonis J.J., Hutchinson J.M., and Ramos A.R. J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys. 17 (1979) 1097
25. Kohlrausch R. Annalen der Physik und Chemie von J. C. Poggendorff 91 (1854) 179
26. Williams G., and Watts D.C. Trans. Faraday Soc. 66 (1970) 80
27. Simon S.L., Plazek D.J., Sobieski J.W., and McGregor E.T. J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys. 35 (1997) 929
28. Weitz A., and Wunderlich B. J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys. 12 (1974) 2473
29. Cowie J.M.G., Harris S., and McEwen I.J. Macromolecules 31 (1998) 2611
30. Simon S.L., Sobieski J.W., and Plazek D.J. Polymer 42 (2001) 2555
31. th Annual Conference (1997) 366
32. C.R. Schultheisz, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, (unpublished data).
33. Tribone J.J., O'Reilly J.M., and Greener J. Macromolecules 19 (1986) 1732
34. Tribone J.J., O'Reilly J.M., and Greener J. J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys. 27 (1989) 837
35. th AnnualConference of the North American Thermal Analysis Society (2001), Omnipress, Madison, WI 435
36. McKenna G.B., Angell C.A., Rendell R.W., Moynihan C.T., Kovacs A.J., Hutchinson J.M., Oguni M., Oreilly J., Struik L., M. Hodge I., C. Bauwens J., Oleynick E., Rekhson S., Williams G., and Matsuoka S. J. Non-cryst. Solids 131 (1991) 528
37. O'Reilly J.M. CRC Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences 13 (1987) 259
38. Simon S.L. acromolecules 30 (1997) 4056
39. New York. Kovacs A.J., Hutchinson J.M., and Aklonis J.J. The Structure of Non-Crystalline Materials (1977)
40. Struik L.C.E. Polymer 38 (1997) 4677
41. McKenna G.B., Vangel M.R., Rukhin A.L., Leigh S.D., Lotz B., and Straupe C. Polymer 40 (1999) 5183
42. J.M. Caruthers, School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, Lafayette, IN The work is primarily published in Ph.D. thesis referenced below. There is one publication with Lustig, Shay and Caruthers also referenced below.
43. Lustig S.R. Ph.D. Thesis (1989), Purdue University, Lafayette, IN
44. Colucci D.M. Ph.D. Thesis, School of Chemical Engineering (1995), Purdue University, Lafayette, IN
45. Williams D.S.M. Ph.D. Thesis (1996), Purdue University, Lafayette, IN
46. Lustig S.R., Shay R.M., and Caruthers J.M. J. Rheol. 40 (1996) 69
47. Coleman B.D. Archives of Rational Mechanics and Analysis 17 (1964) 1
48. Coleman B.D. Archives of Rational Mechanics and Analysis 17 (1964) 230
49. Noll W. Archives of Rational Mechanics and Analysis 2 (1958) 197
50. Adam G., and Gibbs J.H. J. Chem. Phys. 43 (1965) 139
51. MD-68 and AMD-215. Schultheisz C.R.T., Colucci D.M., McKenna G.B., and Caruthers J.M. Mechanics of Plastics and Plastic Composites (1995), American Society of Mechanical Engineers 251
52. Vogel H. Phys. Z. 22 (1921) 645
53. Fulcher G.S. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 8 (1925) 339
54. rd. Edition (1980), J. Wiley and Sons, New York
55. Williams M.L., Landel R.F., and Ferry J.D. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 77 (1955) 3701
56. VA 22161. Angell C.A. Relaxations in Complex Systems. In: Ngai K.L., and Wright G.B. (Eds) (1985), National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, Springfield
57. McKenna G.B., Hadziioannou G., Lutz P., Hild G., Strazielle C., Straupe C., Rempp P., and Kovacs A.J. Macromolecules 20 (1987) 498
58. Huang D., and McKenna G.B. J. Chem. Phys. 114 (2001) 5621
59. Roland C.M., Santangelo P.G., and Ngai K.L. J. Chem. Phys. 111 (1999) 5593
60. Colucci D.M., and McKenna G.B. Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 455 (1997) 171
61. Ngai K.L., and Yamamuro O. J. Chem. Phys. 111 (1999) 10403
62. Johari G.P. J. Chem. Phys. 112 (2000) 8958
63. Doolittle A.K. J. Appl. Phys. 22 (1951) 1471
64. Fox Jr. T.G., and Flory P.J. J. Appl. Phys. 21 (1950) 581
65. Gibbs J.H., and DiMarzio E.A. J. Chem. Phys. 28 (1958) 373
66. DiMarzio E.A., and Gibbs J.H. J. Chem. Phys. 28 (1958) 807
67. Flory P.J. Principles of Polymer Chemistry (1953), Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY
68. Huggins M.L. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 43 (1942) 1
69. DiMarzio E.A. Comp. Mater. Sci. 4 (1995) 317
70. DiMarzio E.A. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 371 (1981) 1
71. J. Baschnagel, M. Wolfgardt, W. Paul and K. Binder, J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stan., 102, 159.
72. McKenna G.B., and Glotzer S.C. J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stan. 102 2 (1997)
73. Bekkedahl N. Journal of Research, National Bureau of Standards 42 (1949) 145
74. th edition (1967), The Chemical and Rubber Company, Cleveland, OH
75. Naqui S.I., and Robinson I.M. J. Mater. Sci. 28 (1993) 1421
76. Ramsteiner F. Polymer Testing 15 (1996) 401
77. Pixa R., Ledu V., and Wippler C. Colloid Polym. Sci. 266 (1988) 913
78. Duran R.S., and McKenna G.B. J. Rheol. 34 (1990) 813
79. E-289-94. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 1994 Annual Book of Standards Volume 14.02 (1994), ASTM, Philadelphia, PA 168
80. E-228-85. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 1994 Annual Book of Standards Volume 14.02 (1994), ASTM, Philadelphia, PA 133
81. E-831 -95. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 1994 Annual Book of Standards Volume 14.02 (1994), ASTM, Philadelphia, PA 544
82. Reiter G. Macromolecules 27 (1994) 3046
83. R3329 Part A. Wallace W.E., VanZanten J.H., and Wu W.L. Phys. Rev. E 52 (1995)
84. Wu W.L., Satija S.K., and Majkrzak C.F. Polym. Commun. 32 (1991) 363
85. Keddie J.L., Jones R.A.L., and Cory R.A. Europhys. Lett. 27 (1994) 59
86. 2873. Shimizu N., Yuguchi J., and Takahashi H. Proceedings of the SPIE (1996), The International Society for Optical Engineering 123
87. Schen M., Mopsik F.I., Wu W., Wallace W.E., Tan N.C.B., Davis G.T., and Guthrie W. Polym. Preprints 211 (1996) 218
88. Tong H.M., Hsuen H.K.D., Saenger K.L., and Su G.W. Rev. Sci. Intrum. 62 (1991) 422
89. ASTM STP 1249, 17. Wunderlich B. Assignment of the Glass Transition, (1994), American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA
90. Hodge I.M., and Berens A.R. Macromolecules 18 (1985) 1980
91. Menczel J.D., and Leslie T.M. Thermochim. Acta 166 (1990) 309
92. Menczel J.D., and Leslie T.M. J. Therm. Anal. 40 (1993) 957
93. Moynihan C.T., Lee S.-K., Tatsumisago M., and Minami T. Thermochim. Acta, 280/281 (1996) 153
94. Moynihan C.T., Esteal A.J., DeBolt M.A., and Tucker J. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 59 (1976) 12
95. Flynn J.H. Thermochim. Acta 8 (1974) 69
96. Plazek D.J., and Frund Jr. Z.N. J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys. 28 (1990) 431
97. S.E.B. J. Polym. Sci. Part A-2 10 (1972) 1255
98. Hutchinson J.M., Ruddy M., and Wilson M.R. Polymer 29 (1988) 152
99. Richardson M.J., and Burrington P.J. J. Therm. Anal. 6 (1974) 345
100. Debolt M.A. Ph.D. Thesis (1976), Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C.
101. Donoghue E., Ellis T.S., and Darasz R.E. In: Gioll P. (Ed). Analytical Calorimetry Volume 5 (1984), Plenum, New York
102. ASTM STP 1249, 50. Bair H.E. Assignment of the Glass Transition (1994), American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA
103. ASTM STP 1249, 137. Saffell J.R. Assignment of the Glass Transition (1994), American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA
104. Simon S.L. Thermochim. Acta 374 (2001) 55
105. Reading M. TRIP 1 (1993) 248
106. Schawe J.E.K. Thermochim. Acta 260 (1995) 1
107. In Press. Simon S.L., and McKenna G.B. Proceedings of the North American Thermal Analysis Society (1998)
108. Wunderlich B., Jin Y., and Boiler A. Thermochim. Acta 238 (1994) 277
109. Simon S.L., and McKenna G.B. Thermochim. Acta 348 (2000) 77
110. Montserrat S. J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. Ed. 38 (2000) 2272
111. Hutchinson J.M., and Montserrat S. Thermochim. Acta 305 (1997) 257
112. Reading M., and Luyt R. J. Thermal Anal. Calorim. 54 (1998) 535
113. Merzlyakov M., and Schick C. Thermochim. Acta 330 (1999) 55
114. Weyer S., Hensel A., and Schick C. Thermochim. Acta 304/305 (1997) 267
115. Birge N.O., and Nagel S.R. Phys. Rev. Lett. 54 (1985) 2674
116. Birge N.O. Phys. Rev. B 34 (1986) 1631
117. Birge N.O., and Nagel S.R. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 58 (1987) 1464
118. Nagel S.R. Phase Transitions and Relaxation in Systems with Competing Energy Scales. In: Riste T., and Sherrington D. (Eds) (1993), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands
119. Dixon P.K., and Nagel S.R. Phys. Rev. Lett. 61 (1988) 341
120. Dixon P.K. Phys. Rev. B 42 (1990) 8179
121. Beiner M., Korus J., Lockwenz H., Schroter K., and Donth E. Macromolecules 29 (1996) 5183
122. Donth E., Beiner M., Reissig S., Korus J., Garwe F., Vieweg S., Kahle S., Hempel E., and Schroter K. Macromolecules 29 (1996) 6589
123. Menon N. J. Chem. Phys. 105 (1996) 5246
124. Leyser H., Schulte A., Doster W., and Petry W. Phys. Rev. E 51 (1995) 5899
125. Gotze W., and Latz A. J. Phys-Condens. Mat. 1 (1989) 4169
126. Jackie J. Physica A 162 (1990) 377
127. Nielsen J.K., and Dyre J.C. Phys. Rev. B 54 (1996) 15754
128. Oxtoby D.W. J. Chem. Phys. 85 (1986) 1549
129. Simon S.L., and McKenna G.B. J. Chem. Phys. 107 (1997) 8678
130. O'Connell P.A., and McKenna G.B. Polym. Eng. Sci. 37 (1997) 1485
131. Sullivan J.L. Composite Science and Technology 39 (1990) 207
132. submitted. Bradshaw R.D., and Brinson L.C. Composite Science and Technology (1998)
133. Bradshaw R.D., and Brinson L.C. Polym. Eng. Sci. 37 (1997) 31
134. Gates T.S., and Feldman M. NASA Langley Research Center TM 109114 (1994)
135. Tomlins P.E., and Read B.E. Polymer 39 (1998) 355
136. Tomlins P.E. Polymer 37 (1996) 3907
137. McKenna G.B., and Kovacs A.J. Polym. Eng. Sci. 24 (1984) 1131
138. Read B.E., Dean G.D., and Tomlins P.E. Polymer 29 (1988) 2159
139. Dean G.D., Read B.E., and Small G.D. Plast. Rub. Proc. Appl. 9 (1988) 173
140. STP 1357. Cerrada M.L., and McKenna G.B. Time Dependent and Nonlinear Effects in Polymers and Composites. submitted. In: Schapery R.A. (Ed) (1998), American Society of Testing and Materials, Special Technical Publication
141. Cerrada M.L., McKenna G.B., O'Reilly J.M., Greener J., and Gillmor J.R. Society of Plastics Engineers. ANTEC 98 II (1998) 2198
142. Cerrada M.L., and McKenna G.B. Macromolecules 33 (2000) 3065
143. Lee A., and McKenna G.B. Polymer 31 (1990) 423
144. Struik L.C.E. Polymer 38 (1997) 4053
145. Hasan O.A., and Boyce M.C. Polymer 34 (1993) 5085
146. Aboulfaraj M., G'Sell C., Mangelinck D., and McKenna G.B. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 172-174 (1994) 615
147. Ricco T., and Smith T.L. Polymer 26 (1985) 1979
148. Smith T.L., Levita G., and Moonan W.K. J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. Ed. 26 (1988) 875
149. Yee A.F., Bankert R.J., Ngai K.L., and Rendell R.W. J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. Ed. 26 (1988) 2463
150. Santore M.M., Duran R.S., and McKenna G.B. Polymer 32 (1991) 2377
151. McKenna G.B. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 172-174 (1994) 756
152. McKenna G.B., and Zapas L.J. Polym. Eng. Sci. 26 (1986) 725
153. Waldron Jr. W.K., McKenna G.B., and Santore M.M. J.Rheol. 39 (1995) 471
154. McKenna G.B., and Zapas L.J. J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. Ed. 23 (1985) 1647
155. McKenna G.B., Leterrier Y., and R. Schultheisz C. Polym. Eng. Sci. 35 (1995) 403
156. Myers F.A., Cama F.C., and Sternstein S.S. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 279 (1976) 94
157. Colucci D.M., O'Connell P.A., and McKenna G.B. Polym. Eng. Sci. 37 (1997) 1469
158. Bauwens J.C. Plast. Rub. Proc. Appl. 7 (1987) 143
159. Hasan O.A., Boyce M.C., Li X.S., and Berko S. J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys. 31 (1993) 185
160. G'Sell C., and McKenna G.B. Polymer 33 (1992) 2103
161. Crissman J.M., and McKenna G.B. J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. Ed. 25 (1987) 1667
162. Crissman J.M., and McKenna G.B. J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. Ed. 28 (1990) 1463
163. Arnold J.C. J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. Ed. 31 (1993) 1451
164. nd Edition Vol. 4 (1986), John Wiley and Sons, New York 299
165. Kramer E.J., and Berger L.L. Adv. Polym. Sci. 91/92 (1990) 1
166. Argon A.S., and Salama M.M. Philosophical Magazine 36 (1977) 1217
167. Gusler G.M., and McKenna G.B. Polym. Eng. Sci. 37 (1997) 1442
168. Delin M., and McKenna G.B. SPE ANTEC (1998) 1668
169. Chang T.D., and Brittain J.O. Polym. Eng. Sci. 22 (1982) 1228
170. Chambers R.S., Gerstle F.D., and Monroe S.L. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 72 (1989) 929
171. McKenna G.B. J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stan. 99 (1994) 169