Modeling of chloride concentration effect on reinforcement corrosion

Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering

Volumn 24, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 446-458

  Vořechovská, Dita ^a   Podroužek, Jan ^a   Chromá, Markéta ^a   Rovnaníková, Pavla ^a   Teplý, Břetislav ^a  

^a BRNO UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Czech Republic)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

1-D MODELS; 2-D SPACE; ADVANCED SIMULATION; CHLORIDE CONCENTRATIONS; CONCRETE STRUCTURES; CORROSION OF REINFORCEMENT; CROSS SECTION; FUNCTION OF TIME; ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES; PH LEVELS; PROBABILISTIC ANALYSIS; RATE OF CORROSIONS; RC STRUCTURE; REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES; REINFORCEMENT CORROSION;

CELLULAR AUTOMATA; CEMENTS; CHLORINE COMPOUNDS; CONCENTRATION (PROCESS); CONCRETE BEAMS AND GIRDERS; CONCRETES; DETERIORATION; DURABILITY; ELECTROCHEMICAL CORROSION; PATTERN RECOGNITION SYSTEMS; REINFORCED CONCRETE; REINFORCEMENT; RELIABILITY; SIMULATORS; STEEL; STEEL CORROSION; TWO DIMENSIONAL;

CORROSION RATE;

CELLULAR AUTOMATON; CHLORIDE; COMPUTER SIMULATION; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); CORROSION; DURABILITY; PROBABILITY; REINFORCED CONCRETE; RELIABILITY ANALYSIS; STEEL;

EID: 67649206073     PISSN: 10939687     EISSN: 14678667     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8667.2009.00602.x     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Alonso, C., Andrade, C. & Gonzáles, J. A. (1988), Relation between resistivity and corrosion rate of reinforcements in carbonated mortar made with several cement types, Cement and Concrete Research, 8(5), 687-98.
2. Ann, K.Y. & Song, H. W. (2007), Chloride threshold level for corrosion of steel in concrete, Corrosion Science, 49, 4113-33.
3. Bentur, A., Diamond, S. & Berke, N. S. (1997), Steel Corrosion in Concrete, Taylor and Francis Group, London and New York.
4. Bertolini, L. (2008), Steel corrosion and service life of reinforced concrete structures, Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, 4(2), 123-37.
5. Biondini, F., Bontempi, F., Frangopol, D. M. & Malerba, P. G. (2004), Cellular automata approach to durability analysis of concrete structures in aggressive environments, Journal of Structural Engineering ASCE, 130(11), 1724-37.
6. Bird, H. E. H., Pearson, B. R. & Brook, P. A. (1988), The breakdown of passive film on iron, Corrosion Science, 28(1), 81-86.
7. Bogard, B., Warren, C., Somayaji, S. & Heidersbach, R. (1990), Mechanism of Corrosion of Steel in Concrete, Corrosion Rates of Steel in Concrete, ASTM STP 1065, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 174-88.
8. Collepardi, M., Marcialis, A. & Turriziani, R. (1972), Penetration of chloride ions into cement pastes and concrete, Journal of American Ceramic Society, 55(10), 534-35.
9. Costa, A. & Appleton, J. (1999), Chloride penetration into concrete in marine environments-Part II: Prediction of long term chloride penetration, Materials and Structures, 32, 354-59.
10. ČSN 425535, Tyče žebírkovépro výztuž do betonu z oceli značky 10 425. Rozměry (High-bond bars for concrete reinforcement made of steel 10 425. Dimensions.) Validity: 12/1978-12/2007 (in Czech).
11. Darmawan, M. S. & Stewart, M. G. (2007), Effect of pitting corrosion on capacity of prestressing wires, Magazine of Concrete Research, 59(2), 131-39.
12. Duprat, F. (2007), Reliability of RC beams under chloride-ingress, Construction and Building Materials, 21, 1605-16.
13. DuraCrete. (1998) BE95-1347, Summary of the statistical quantification of the DuraCrete resistivity corrosion rate model, prepared by ibac, Institute for Building and Construction Research, Technical University of Aachen, Germany, and Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden.
14. EN 1990 (2002), Basis of structural design, Eurocode 0, CEN, 2002.
15. EN 1992-1-1 (2003), Design of concrete structures-Part 1.1: General rules and rules for building, Eurocode 2, CEN, 2003.
16. Engelund, S. & Faber, M. H. (2000), Development of a code for durability design of concrete structures, in R. E. Melchers and M. G. Stewart (eds.), Applications of Statistics and Probability, Balkema, Rotterdam, ISBN 90 5809 086 8.
17. fib Model Code (2006), Bulletin No. 34, Service Life Design, part of the future fib Model Code 2010.
18. Glass, G. K. & Buenfeld, N. R. (1995), Chloride threshold levels for corrosion induced deterioration of steel in concrete, in O. Nilsson and J. P. Ollivier (eds.), in Proc. of the International Workshop Chloride Penetration into Concrete, RILEM Publications, Vol. 1, St. Rémy-les-Cheuvreuse, France, 429-39.
19. Glass, G. K. & Buenfeld, N. R. (1997), The presentation of the chloride threshold level for corrosion of steel in concrete, Corrosion Science, 39(5), 1001-13.
20. Gonzales, J. A., Andrade, C., Alonso, C. & Feliu, S. (1995), Comparison of rates of general corrosion and maximum pitting penetration on concrete embedded steel reinforcement, Cement and Concrete Research, 25(2), 257-64.
21. Hunkeler, F. (2005), Corrosion in reinforced concrete: Processes and mechanisms, in H. Böhni (ed.), in Proc. of Corrosion in Reinforced Concrete Structures, Woodhead Publishing Limited, Cambridge.
22. ISO 2394 (1998), General principles on reliability for structures, ISO.
23. ISO 13823 (2008), General principles in the design of structures for durability.
24. Jensen, O. M., Hansen, P. F., Coats, A. M. & Glasser, F. P. (1999), Chloride ingress in cement paste and mortar, Cement and Concrete Research, 29, 1497-1504.
25. Karimi, A. R. & Ramachandran, K. (2000), Probabilistic estimation of corrosion in bridges due to chlorination, in R. E. Melchers and M. G. Stewart (eds.), Applications of Statistics and Probability, Balkema, Rotterdam.
26. Mangat, P. S. & Molloy, B. T. (1994), Predicting of long-term chloride concentration in concrete, Materials and Structures, 27(170), 338-46.
27. Maruya, T., Hsu, K., Takeda, H. & Tangtermisikirul, S. (2003), Numerical modeling of steel corrosion in concrete structures due to chloride ion, oxygen and water movement, Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, 1(2), 147-60.
28. Montemor, M. F., Simoes, A. M. P. & Ferreira, M. G. S. (2003), Chloride-induced corrosion on reinforcement steel: From the fundamental to the monitoring techniques, Cement and Concrete Research, 25, 491-502.
29. Nguyen, T. S., Lorente, S. & Carcasses, M. (2006), Influence of temperature on chloride transport through cementitious materials, Journal de Physique IV, 136, 63-70.
30. Nilsson, L. O. (2006), Present limitations of models for predicting chloride ingress into reinforced concrete structures, Journal de Physique IV, 136, 123-30.
31. Nürnberger, U. (1984), Chloride corrosion of steel in concrete, Betonwerk -Fertigteil Technik, Part 1, 9, 601-612; Part 2, 10, 697-704.
32. Papadakis, V. G., Roumeliotis, A. P., Fardis, C. G. & Vagenas, C. G. (1996), Mathematical modeling of chloride effect on concrete durability and protection measures, in R. K. Dhir and M. R. Jones (eds.), in Proc. of International Conference on Concrete in the Service of Mankind (Concrete Repair, Rehabilitation and Protection), Dundee, Scotland, UK, 165-74.
33. Podroužek, J., Teplý, B. & Chromá, M. (2008), Modeling of chloride ion ingress: Temporal and spatial variation, in Bílek and Keršner (eds.), in Proc. of 3rd International Symposium Non-Traditional Cement and Concrete Composites, Brno, Czech Republic, 570-77.
34. RILEM Report 14 (1996), Durability Design of Concrete Structures, in A. Sarja and E. Vesikari (eds.), E & FN SPON, London, 165 p.
35. Rodriguez, J., Ortega, L. M., Casal, J. & Diez, J. M. (1996), Corrosion of reinforcement and service life of concrete structures, in Proc. of Int. Conf. on Durability of Building Materials and Components 7, Vol. 1, Stockholm, pp. 117-26.
36. Schueremans, L., Gemert, D. V. & Giessler, S. (2007), Chloride penetration in RC-structures in marine environments-long-term assessment of a preventive hydrophobic treatment, Construction and Building Materials, 21, 1238-49.
37. So, H. S. & Millard, S. G. (2007), On-site measurements of corrosion rate of steel in reinforced concrete, ACI Material Journal, 104(6), 638-42.
38. Stewart, M. G. & Rosowsky, D. (1998), Structural safety and serviceability of concrete bridges subject to corrosion, Journal of Infrastructure Systems, 4(4), 146-54.
39. Tang, L. (2007), Service-life prediction based on the rapid migration test and the ClinConc model, in Proc. of International RILEM Workshop on Performance Based Evaluation and Indicators for Concrete Durability, 19-21 March 2006, Madrid, Spain, 157-64.
40. Tang, L. & Gulikers, J. (2007), On the mathematics of time-dependent apparent chloride diffusion coefficient in concrete, Cement and Concrete Research, 37(4), 589-95.
41. Tang, L. & Nilsson, L. O. (1992), Chloride diffusivity in high strength concrete at different ages, Nordic Concrete Research, 11, 162-71.
42. Teplý, B., Matesová, D., Chromá, M. & Rovnaník, P. (2007), Stochastic degradation models for durability limit state evaluation: SARA-Part VI, in Proc. of 3rd International Conference on Structural Health Monitoring of Intelligent Infrastructure (SHMII-3 2007), Vancouver, Canada, 187.
43. Thomas, M. D. A. & Bamforth, P. B. (1999), Modeling chloride diffusion in concrete: Effect of fly ash and slag, Cement and Concrete Research, 29, 487-95.
44. Tikalsky, P. J. (2005), Monte Carlo simulation of chloride diffusion in concrete exposed to de-icing salts, in R. K. Dhir, M. J. McCarthy, and S. Caliskan (eds), 6th International Congress Global Construction: Ultimate Concrete Opportunities (Concrete for Transportation Infrastructure), Dundee, Scotland, UK, pp. 251-58.
45. Tutti, K. (1982), Corrosion of Steel in Concrete, Swedish Cement and Concrete Research Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
46. Val, D. & Melchers, R. E. (1998), Reliability analysis of deteriorating reinforced concrete frame structures, Structural Safety and Reliability, Vol 1, Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 105-12.
47. Val, D., Stewart, G. M. & Melchers, R. E. (2000), Life-cycle performance of RC bridges: Probabilistic approach, Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, 15, 14-25.
48. Wolfram, S. (1994), Cellular Automata and Complexity-Collected Papers, Addison-Wesley.
49. Xi, Y. & Bažant, P. B. (1999), Modeling chloride penetration in saturated concrete, ASCE Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 11(1), 58-65.