Hypersomnia across mood disorders: A review and synthesis

Sleep Medicine Reviews

Volumn 13, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 275-285

  Kaplan, Katherine A ^a   Harvey, Allison G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Bipolar Disorder; Comorbidity; Depression; Dysthymia; Hypersomnia; Impairment; Seasonal Affective Disorder; Sleep disturbance; Treatment

Indexed keywords

AMFEBUTAMONE; FLUOXETINE; MIRTAZAPINE; MODAFINIL; MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITOR; REBOXETINE; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; TRAZODONE; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT;

ASTHENIA; BIPOLAR DISORDER; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; DIARRHEA; DYSTHYMIA; HEADACHE; HUMAN; HYPERSOMNIA; INFECTION; INSOMNIA; LIGHT DARK CYCLE; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MOOD DISORDER; NAUSEA; PHOTOTHERAPY; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; REVIEW; SEASONAL AFFECTIVE DISORDER; SLEEP TIME; SOMNOLENCE; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; TIME IN BED;

BIPOLAR DISORDER; COMORBIDITY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, MAJOR; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; DISORDERS OF EXCESSIVE SOMNOLENCE; DYSTHYMIC DISORDER; HUMANS; MOOD DISORDERS; QUESTIONNAIRES; SEASONAL AFFECTIVE DISORDER;

EID: 67449095878     PISSN: 10870792     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2008.09.001     Document Type: Review

References (90)

1. Peterson M.J., and Benca R.M. Sleep in mood disorders. Psychiatr Clin North Am 29 4 (2006) 1009-1032 [abstract ix]
2. Baldwin D.S., and Papakostas G.I. Symptoms of fatigue and sleepiness in major depressive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 67 Suppl. 6 (2006) 9-15
3. Nierenberg A.A., Alpert J.E., Pava J., Rosenbaum J.F., and Fava M. Course and treatment of atypical depression. J Clin Psychiatry 59 Suppl. 18 (1998) 5-9
4. Parker G., Malhi G., Hadzi-Pavlovic D., and Parker K. Sleeping in? The impact of age and depressive sub-type on hypersomnia. J Affect Disord 90 1 (2006) 73-76
5. Roberts R., Roberts C., and Chen I. Functioning of adolescents with symptoms of disturbed sleep. J Youth Adolesc 30 (2001) 1-18
6. Breslau N., Roth T., Rosenthal L., and Andreski P. Sleep disturbance and psychiatric disorders: a longitudinal epidemiological study of young adults. Biol Psychiatry 39 6 (1996) 411-418
7. Gooneratne N.S., Weaver T.E., Cater J.R., Pack F.M., Arner H.M., Greenberg A.S., et al. Functional outcomes of excessive daytime sleepiness in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 51 5 (2003) 642-649
8. Kessler R.C., Berglund P., Demler O., Jin R., Merikangas K.R., and Walters E.E. Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry 62 6 (2005) 593-602
9. Mathers C.D., and Loncar D. Projections of global mortality and burden of disease from 2002 to 2030. PLoS Med 3 11 (2006) e442
10. Kessler R.C., Akiskal H.S., Ames M., Birnbaum H., Greenberg P., Hirschfeld R.M., et al. Prevalence and effects of mood disorders on work performance in a nationally representative sample of U.S. workers. Am J Psychiatry 163 9 (2006) 1561-1568
11. Association AP. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed.... [text revision] (2000), American Psychiatric Association, Arlington, VA
12. Medicine AAoS. International classification of sleep disorders: diagnostic and coding manual. 2nd ed... (2005), American Academy of Sleep Medicine, Westchester, IL
13. WHO. The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: diagnostic criteria for research (1993), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
14. Williamson D.E., Birmaher B., Brent D.A., Balach L., Dahl R.E., and Ryan N.D. Atypical symptoms of depression in a sample of depressed child and adolescent outpatients. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 39 10 (2000) 1253-1259
15. Kahn A., Gardner C., Prescott C., and Kendler K. Gender differences in the symptoms of major depression in opposite-sex dizygotic twin pairs. Am J Psychiatry 159 (2002) 1427-1429
16. Robertson H.A., Lam R.W., Stewart J.N., Yatham L.N., Tam E.M., and Zis A.P. Atypical depressive symptoms and clusters in unipolar and bipolar depression. Acta Psychiatr Scand 94 6 (1996) 421-427
17. Akiskal H.S., and Benazzi F. Atypical depression: a variant of bipolar II or a bridge between unipolar and bipolar II?. J Affect Disord 84 2-3 (2005) 209-217
18. Parker G., Roy K., Mitchell P., Wilhelm K., Malhi G., and Hadzi-Pavlovic D. Atypical depression: a reappraisal. Am J Psychiatry 159 9 (2002) 1470-1479
19. Thase M.E., Carpenter L., Kupfer D.J., and Frank E. Clinical significance of reversed vegetative subtypes of recurrent major depression. Psychopharmacol Bull 27 1 (1991) 17-22
20. Matza L.S., Revicki D.A., Davidson J.R., and Stewart J.W. Depression with atypical features in the National Comorbidity Survey: classification, description, and consequences. Arch Gen Psychiatry 60 8 (2003) 817-826
21. Angst J., Gamma A., Sellaro R., Zhang H., and Merikangas K. Toward validation of atypical depression in the community: results of the Zurich cohort study. J Affect Disord 72 2 (2002) 125-138
22. Ford D.E., and Cooper-Patrick L. Sleep disturbances and mood disorders: an epidemiologic perspective. Depress Anxiety 14 1 (2001) 3-6
23. Roberts R.E., Shema S.J., Kaplan G.A., and Strawbridge W.J. Sleep complaints and depression in an aging cohort: a prospective perspective. Am J Psychiatry 157 1 (2000) 81-88
24. Worthington J., Fava M., Davidson K., Alpert J.E., Nierenger A., and Rosenbaum J. Patterns of improvement in depressive symptoms with fluoxetine treatment. Psychopharmacol Bull 31 (1995) 223-226
25. Zimmerman M., McGlinchey J., Posternak M.A., Friedman M., Boerescu D., and Attiullah N. Differences between minimally depressed patients who do and do not consider themselves to be in remission. J Clin Psychiatry 66 (2005) 1134-1138
26. Bowden C.L. A different depression: clinical distinctions between bipolar and unipolar depression. J Affect Disord 84 2-3 (2005) 117-125
27. Detre T., Himmelhoch J., Swartzburg M., Anderson C.M., Byck R., and Kupfer D.J. Hypersomnia and manic-depressive disease. Am J Psychiatry 128 10 (1972) 1303-1305
28. Benazzi F. Symptoms of depression as possible markers of bipolar II disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharm Biol Psychiatry 30 (2006) 471-477
29. Hantouche Eg A.H. Bipolar II vs. unipolar depression: psychopathologic differentiation by dimensional measures. J Affect Disord 84 (2005) 127-132
30. Leibenluft E., Clark C.H., and Myers F.S. The reproducibility of depressive and hypomanic symptoms across repeated episodes in patients with rapid-cycling bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 33 2 (1995) 83-88
31. Keller M.B., Klein D.N., Hirschfeld R.M., Kocsis J.H., McCullough J.P., Miller I., et al. Results of the DSM-IV mood disorders field trial. Am J Psychiatry 152 6 (1995) 843-849
32. Serretti A., Jori M.C., Casadei G., Ravizza L., Smeraldi E., and Akiskal H. Delineating psychopathologic clusters within dysthymia: a study of 512 out-patients without major depression. J Affect Disord 56 1 (1999) 17-25
33. Masi G., Millepiedi S., Mucci M., Pascale R.R., Perugi G., and Akiskal H.S. Phenomenology and comorbidity of dysthymic disorder in 100 consecutively referred children and adolescents: beyond DSM-IV. Can J Psychiatry 48 2 (2003) 99-105
34. Akiskal H.S., Lemmi H., Dickson H., King D., Yerevanian B., and Van Valkenburg C. Chronic depressions. Part 2. Sleep EEG differentiation of primary dysthymic disorders from anxious depressions. J Affect Disord 6 3-4 (1984) 287-295
35. Rosenthal N.E., Sack D.A., Gillin J.C., Lewy A.J., Goodwin F.K., Davenport Y., et al. Seasonal affective disorder. A description of the syndrome and preliminary findings with light therapy. Arch Gen Psychiatry 41 1 (1984) 72-80
36. Rosenthal Ne W.T. Seasonal affective disorder. Psychiatr Ann 17 (1987) 670-674
37. Davis C., and Levitan R.D. Seasonality and seasonal affective disorder (SAD): an evolutionary viewpoint tied to energy conservation and reproductive cycles. J Affect Disord 87 1 (2005) 3-10
38. Tam E.M., Lam R.W., Robertson H.A., Stewart J.N., Yatham L.N., and Zis A.P. Atypical depressive symptoms in seasonal and non-seasonal mood disorders. J Affect Disord 44 1 (1997) 39-44
39. Anderson J.L., Rosen L.N., Mendelson W.B., Jacobsen F.M., Skwerer R.G., Joseph-Vanderpool J.R., et al. Sleep in fall/winter seasonal affective disorder: effects of light and changing seasons. J Psychosom Res 38 4 (1994) 323-337
40. Kessler R.C., McGonagle K.A., Zhao S., Nelson C.B., Hughes M., Eshleman S., et al. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States. Results from the National Comorbidity Survey. Arch Gen Psychiatry 51 1 (1994) 8-19
41. Weissman M.M., Bland R.C., Canino G.J., Faravelli C., Greenwald S., Hwu H.G., et al. Cross-national epidemiology of major depression and bipolar disorder. JAMA 276 4 (1996) 293-299
42. Avery D.H., Khan A., Dager S.R., Cohen S., Cox G.B., and Dunner D.L. Morning or evening bright light treatment of winter depression? The significance of hypersomnia. Biol Psychiatry 29 2 (1991) 117-126
43. Johns M.W. A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth sleepiness scale. Sleep 14 6 (1991) 540-545
44. Herscovitch J., and Broughton R. Sensitivity of the Stanford sleepiness scale to the effects of cumulative partial sleep deprivation and recovery oversleeping. Sleep 4 1 (1981) 83-91
45. First M., Spitzer R., Gibbons M., and Williams J. Structured clinical interview for DSM IV axis 1 disorders: clinician version (1997), American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC
46. Shimizu A., Hiyama H., Yagasaki A., Takashashi H., Fujiki A., and Yoshida I. Sleep of depressed patients with hypersomnia: a 24-h polygraphic study. Waking Sleeping 3 4 (1979) 335-339
47. Kupfer D.J., Himmelhoch J.M., Swartzburg M., Anderson C., Byck R., and Detre T.P. Hypersomnia in manic-depressive disease (a preliminary report). Dis Nerv Syst 33 11 (1972) 720-724
48. Nofzinger E.A., Thase M.E., Reynolds III C.F., Himmelhoch J.M., Mallinger A., Houck P., et al. Hypersomnia in bipolar depression: a comparison with narcolepsy using the multiple sleep latency test. Am J Psychiatry 148 9 (1991) 1177-1181
49. Billiard M., Dolenc L., Aldaz C., Ondze B., and Besset A. Hypersomnia associated with mood disorders: a new perspective. J Psychosom Res 38 Suppl. 1 (1994) 41-47
50. Dolenc L., Besset A., and Billiard M. Hypersomnia in association with dysthymia in comparison with idiopathic hypersomnia and normal controls. Pflugers Arch 431 6 Suppl. 2 (1996) R303-R304
51. Vgontzas A.N., Bixler E.O., Kales A., Criley C., and Vela-Bueno A. Differences in nocturnal and daytime sleep between primary and psychiatric hypersomnia: diagnostic and treatment implications. Psychosom Med 62 2 (2000) 220-226
52. Armitage R. Sleep and circadian rhythms in mood disorders. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl 433 (2007) 104-115
53. Gold P.W., Licinio J., Wong M.L., and Chrousos G.P. Corticotropin releasing hormone in the pathophysiology of melancholic and atypical depression and in the mechanism of action of antidepressant drugs. Ann N Y Acad Sci 771 (1995) 716-729
54. Gold P.W., and Chrousos G.P. Organization of the stress system and its dysregulation in melancholic and atypical depression: high vs low CRH/NE states. Mol Psychiatry 7 3 (2002) 254-275
55. Harvey A.G. Sleep and circadian rhythms in bipolar disorder: seeking synchrony, harmony, and regulation. Am J Psychiatry 165 7 (2008) 820-829
56. Leibenluft E., Turner E.H., Feldman-Naim S., Schwartz P.J., Wehr T.A., and Rosenthal N.E. Light therapy in patients with rapid cycling bipolar disorder: preliminary results. Psychopharmacol Bull 31 4 (1995) 705-710
57. Lewy A.J., Wehr T.A., Goodwin F.K., Newsome D.A., and Rosenthal N.E. Manic-depressive patients may be supersensitive to light. Lancet 1 8216 (1981) 383-384
58. Nurnberger Jr. J.I., Adkins S., Lahiri D.K., Mayeda A., Hu K., Lewy A., et al. Melatonin suppression by light in euthymic bipolar and unipolar patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 57 6 (2000) 572-579
59. Avery D.H., Dahl K., Savage M.V., Brengelmann G.L., Larsen L.H., Kenny M.A., et al. Circadian temperature and cortisol rhythms during a constant routine are phase-delayed in hypersomnic winter depression. Biol Psychiatry 41 11 (1997) 1109-1123
60. Avery D.H., Kouri M.E., Monaghan K., Bolte M.A., Hellekson C., and Eder D. Is dawn simulation effective in ameliorating the difficulty awakening in seasonal affective disorder associated with hypersomnia?. J Affect Disord 69 1-3 (2002) 231-236
61. Wirz-Justice A., Graw P., Krauchi K., Gisin B., Jochum A., Arendt J., et al. Light therapy in seasonal affective disorder is independent of time of day or circadian phase. Arch Gen Psychiatry 50 12 (1993) 929-937
62. Martiny K., Simonsen C., Lunde M., Clemmensen L., and Bech P. Decreasing TSH levels in patients with Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) responding to 1 week of bright light therapy. J Affect Disord 79 1-3 (2004) 253-257
63. Young M. Integrating psychological and physiological mechanisms of SAD: the dual-vulnerability model. Biol Rhythms Bull 1 (1999) 1-4
64. Jacobson N., Martell C., and Dimidjian S. Behavioral activation treatment for depression: returning to contextual roots. Clin Psychol Sci Pract 8 (2001) 255-270
65. Globus G.G. A syndrome associated with sleeping late. Psychosom Med 31 6 (1969) 528-535
66. Ford D.E., and Kamerow D.B. Epidemiologic study of sleep disturbances and psychiatric disorders. An opportunity for prevention?. JAMA 262 11 (1989) 1479-1484
67. Quitkin F.M., Stewart J.W., McGrath P.J., Liebowitz M.R., Harrison W.M., Tricamo E., et al. Phenelzine versus imipramine in the treatment of probable atypical depression: defining syndrome boundaries of selective MAOI responders. Am J Psychiatry 145 3 (1988) 306-311
68. Ballon J.S., and Feifel D. A systematic review of modafinil: potential clinical uses and mechanisms of action. J Clin Psychiatry 67 4 (2006) 554-566
69. DeBattista C., Doghramji K., Menza M.A., Rosenthal M.H., and Fieve R.R. Adjunct modafinil for the short-term treatment of fatigue and sleepiness in patients with major depressive disorder: a preliminary double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Psychiatry 64 9 (2003) 1057-1064
70. Fava M., Thase M.E., and DeBattista C. A multicenter, placebo-controlled study of modafinil augmentation in partial responders to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors with persistent fatigue and sleepiness. J Clin Psychiatry 66 1 (2005) 85-93
71. Frye M.A., Grunze H., Suppes T., McElroy S.L., Keck Jr. P.E., Walden J., et al. A placebo-controlled evaluation of adjunctive modafinil in the treatment of bipolar depression. Am J Psychiatry 164 8 (2007) 1242-1249
72. Barbini B., Bertelli S., Colombo C., and Smeraldi E. Sleep loss, a possible factor in augmenting manic episode. Psychiatry Res 65 2 (1996) 121-125
73. Lundt L. Modafinil treatment in patients with seasonal affective disorder/winter depression: an open-label pilot study. J Affect Disord 81 2 (2004) 173-178
74. Ashton A.K. Modafinil augmentation of phenelzine for residual fatigue in dysthymia. Am J Psychiatry 161 9 (2004) 1716-1717
75. Golden R.N., Gaynes B.N., Ekstrom R.D., Hamer R.M., Jacobsen F.M., Suppes T., et al. The efficacy of light therapy in the treatment of mood disorders: a review and meta-analysis of the evidence. Am J Psychiatry 162 4 (2005) 656-662
76. Sit D., Wisner K.L., Hanusa B.H., Stull S., and Terman M. Light therapy for bipolar disorder: a case series in women. Bipolar Disord 9 8 (2007) 918-927
77. Lam R.W. Seasonal affective disorder and beyond: light treatment for SAD and non-SAD conditions (1998), American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC
78. Terman M., Amira L., Terman J.S., and Ross D.C. Predictors of response and nonresponse to light treatment for winter depression. Am J Psychiatry 153 11 (1996) 1423-1429
79. Beck J. Cognitive therapy: basics and beyond (1995), Guilford Press, New York
80. Miller W.R., and Rollnick S. Motivational interviewing: preparing people for change. 2nd ed... (2002), Guilford Press, New York
81. Bennett-Levy J B.G., Fennell M., Hackmann A., Mueller M., and Westbrook D. The oxford handbook of behavioural experiments (2004), Oxford University Press, Oxford
82. Buysse D.J., Ancoli-Israel S., Edinger J.D., Lichstein K.L., and Morin C.M. Recommendations for a standard research assessment of insomnia. Sleep 29 9 (2006) 1155-1173
83. Sorensen M.J., Nissen J.B., Mors O., and Thomsen P.H. Age and gender differences in depressive symptomatology and comorbidity: an incident sample of psychiatrically admitted children. J Affect Disord 84 1 (2005) 85-91
84. Yorbik O., Birmaher B., Axelson D., Williamson D.E., and Ryan N.D. Clinical characteristics of depressive symptoms in children and adolescents with major depressive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 65 12 (2004) 1760-1761 [1654-9; quiz]
85. Garvey M.J., and Schaffer C.B. Are some symptoms of depression age dependent?. J Affect Disord 32 4 (1994) 247-251
86. Korszun A., Moskvina V., Brewster S., Craddock N., Ferrero F., Gill M., et al. Familiarity of symptom dimensions in depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 61 5 (2004) 468-474
87. Giles D.E., Rush A.J., and Roffwarg H.P. Sleep parameters in bipolar I, bipolar II, and unipolar depressions. Biol Psychiatry 21 13 (1986) 1340-1343
88. Casper R.C., Redmond Jr. D.E., Katz M.M., Schaffer C.B., Davis J.M., and Koslow S.H. Somatic symptoms in primary affective disorder. Presence and relationship to the classification of depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 42 11 (1985) 1098-1104
89. Allen J.M., Lam R.W., Remick R.A., and Sadovnick A.D. Depressive symptoms and family history in seasonal and nonseasonal mood disorders. Am J Psychiatry 150 3 (1993) 443-448
90. Winkler D., Willeit M., Praschak-Rieder N., Lucht M.J., Hilger E., Konstantinidis A., et al. Changes of clinical pattern in seasonal affective disorder (SAD) over time in a German-speaking sample. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 252 2 (2002) 54-62