메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 54, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 105-113

Assessment of lead in cosmetic products

Author keywords

Cosmetics; Eye shadow; Lead exposure; Lipsticks; Saudi Arabia

Indexed keywords

COSMETIC; LEAD;

EID: 67349273077     PISSN: 02732300     EISSN: 10960295     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2009.02.005     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (147)

References (52)
  • 1
    • 2342444414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kohl (surma): a toxic traditional eye cosmetic study in Saudi Arabia
    • Al-Ashban R.M., Aslam M., and Shah A.H. Kohl (surma): a toxic traditional eye cosmetic study in Saudi Arabia. Public Health 118 (2004) 292-298
    • (2004) Public Health , vol.118 , pp. 292-298
    • Al-Ashban, R.M.1    Aslam, M.2    Shah, A.H.3
  • 4
    • 0345055823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mexican use of lead in the treatment of empacho: community, clinic, and longitudinal patterns
    • Baer R.D., Garcia de Alba J., Leal R.M., Plascencia Campos A.R., and Goslin N. Mexican use of lead in the treatment of empacho: community, clinic, and longitudinal patterns. Soc. Sci. Med. 47 (1998) 1263-1266
    • (1998) Soc. Sci. Med. , vol.47 , pp. 1263-1266
    • Baer, R.D.1    Garcia de Alba, J.2    Leal, R.M.3    Plascencia Campos, A.R.4    Goslin, N.5
  • 6
    • 40549084327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Very low lead exposures and children's neurodevelopment
    • Bellinger D.C. Very low lead exposures and children's neurodevelopment. Curr. Opin. Pediatr. 20 (2008) 172-177
    • (2008) Curr. Opin. Pediatr. , vol.20 , pp. 172-177
    • Bellinger, D.C.1
  • 7
    • 0003505586 scopus 로고
    • CDC, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, US Department of Health and Human Service/Public Health Service/Center for Disease Control, Atlanta
    • CDC, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1991. Preventing Lead Poisoning in Young Children: A Statement by the Center for Disease Control. US Department of Health and Human Service/Public Health Service/Center for Disease Control, Atlanta.
    • (1991) Preventing Lead Poisoning in Young Children: A Statement by the Center for Disease Control
  • 8
    • 0042807259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood lead poisoning associated with tamarind candy and folk remedies-California, 1999-2000
    • CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2002. Childhood lead poisoning associated with tamarind candy and folk remedies-California, 1999-2000. MMWR 51, 684-686.
    • (2002) MMWR , vol.51 , pp. 684-686
  • 9
    • 3042723535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lead poisoning associated with ayurvedic medications-five states, 2000-2003
    • CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2004. Lead poisoning associated with ayurvedic medications-five states, 2000-2003. MMWR 53, 582-584.
    • (2004) MMWR , vol.53 , pp. 582-584
  • 10
    • 67349257662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CSC, the Campaign for Safe Cosmetics, 2007. A Poison Kiss: The Problem of Lead in Lipsticks. Available from: .
    • CSC, the Campaign for Safe Cosmetics, 2007. A Poison Kiss: The Problem of Lead in Lipsticks. Available from: .
  • 11
    • 67349113652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Council Directive of 27 July 1976 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to cosmetic products (76/768/EEC). OJEC L 26227.9.1976, p. 169.
    • Council Directive of 27 July 1976 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to cosmetic products (76/768/EEC). OJEC L 26227.9.1976, p. 169.
  • 12
    • 0034848551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Special considerations in eye cosmetics
    • Draelos Z.D. Special considerations in eye cosmetics. Clin. Dermatol. 19 (2001) 424-430
    • (2001) Clin. Dermatol. , vol.19 , pp. 424-430
    • Draelos, Z.D.1
  • 13
    • 0035723187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heavy metals in traditional Indian remedies
    • Ernst E. Heavy metals in traditional Indian remedies. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 57 (2002) 891-896
    • (2002) Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.57 , pp. 891-896
    • Ernst, E.1
  • 14
    • 0036499458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxic heavy metals and undeclared drugs in Asian herbal medicines
    • Ernst E. Toxic heavy metals and undeclared drugs in Asian herbal medicines. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 23 (2002) 136-139
    • (2002) Trends Pharmacol. Sci. , vol.23 , pp. 136-139
    • Ernst, E.1
  • 15
    • 33846827104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary calcium supplementation to lower blood lead levels in pregnancy and lactation
    • Ettinger A.S., Hu H., and Hernandez-Avila M. Dietary calcium supplementation to lower blood lead levels in pregnancy and lactation. J. Nutr. Biochem. 18 (2007) 172-178
    • (2007) J. Nutr. Biochem. , vol.18 , pp. 172-178
    • Ettinger, A.S.1    Hu, H.2    Hernandez-Avila, M.3
  • 16
    • 33747155558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A rationale for lowering the blood lead action level from 10 to 2 mg/dL
    • Gilbert S.G., and Weiss B. A rationale for lowering the blood lead action level from 10 to 2 mg/dL. Neurotoxicology 27 (2006) 693-701
    • (2006) Neurotoxicology , vol.27 , pp. 693-701
    • Gilbert, S.G.1    Weiss, B.2
  • 17
    • 17144381721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cutaneous resorption of lead after external use of lead-containing ointments in volunteers with healthy skin
    • Gorter R.W., Butorac M., and Cobian E.P. Cutaneous resorption of lead after external use of lead-containing ointments in volunteers with healthy skin. Am. J. Ther. 12 (2005) 17-21
    • (2005) Am. J. Ther. , vol.12 , pp. 17-21
    • Gorter, R.W.1    Butorac, M.2    Cobian, E.P.3
  • 20
    • 33745185964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Availability and chemical composition of traditional eye cosmetics ("kohls") used in the United Arab Emirates of Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al-Quwain, Ras Al-Khaimah, and Fujairah
    • Hardy A.D., Walton R.I., Myers K.A., and Vaishnav R. Availability and chemical composition of traditional eye cosmetics ("kohls") used in the United Arab Emirates of Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al-Quwain, Ras Al-Khaimah, and Fujairah. J. Cosmet. Sci. 57 (2006) 107-125
    • (2006) J. Cosmet. Sci. , vol.57 , pp. 107-125
    • Hardy, A.D.1    Walton, R.I.2    Myers, K.A.3    Vaishnav, R.4
  • 21
    • 34447121918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hematopoietic toxicity from lead-containing ayurvedic medications
    • Kales S.N., Christophi C.A., and Saper R.B. Hematopoietic toxicity from lead-containing ayurvedic medications. Med. Sci. Monit. 13 (2007) CR295-CR298
    • (2007) Med. Sci. Monit. , vol.13
    • Kales, S.N.1    Christophi, C.A.2    Saper, R.B.3
  • 23
    • 0023700924 scopus 로고
    • The use of sweat to monitor lead absorption through the skin
    • Lilley S.G., Florence T.M., and Stauber J.L. The use of sweat to monitor lead absorption through the skin. Sci. Total Environ. 76 (1988) 267-278
    • (1988) Sci. Total Environ. , vol.76 , pp. 267-278
    • Lilley, S.G.1    Florence, T.M.2    Stauber, J.L.3
  • 26
    • 41749104909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Science linking environmental contaminant exposures with fertility and reproductive health impacts in the adult female
    • Mendola P., Messer L.C., and Rappazzo K. Science linking environmental contaminant exposures with fertility and reproductive health impacts in the adult female. Fertil. Steril. 89 (2008) e81-e94
    • (2008) Fertil. Steril. , vol.89
    • Mendola, P.1    Messer, L.C.2    Rappazzo, K.3
  • 27
    • 48049098785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global approach to reducing lead exposure and poisoning
    • Meyer P.A., Brown M.J., and Falk H. Global approach to reducing lead exposure and poisoning. Mutat. Res. 659 (2008) 166-175
    • (2008) Mutat. Res. , vol.659 , pp. 166-175
    • Meyer, P.A.1    Brown, M.J.2    Falk, H.3
  • 28
    • 67349149830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Material safety data sheet
    • MSD, Available from
    • MSD, Material safety data sheet. Kings Mountain Mica, 2002. Available from: .
    • (2002) Kings Mountain Mica
  • 29
    • 27144504739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trace metal contents of facial (make-up) cosmetics commonly used in Nigeria
    • Nnorom I.C., Igwe J.C., and Oji-Nnoromc. Trace metal contents of facial (make-up) cosmetics commonly used in Nigeria. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 4 (2005) 1133-1138
    • (2005) Afr. J. Biotechnol. , vol.4 , pp. 1133-1138
    • Nnorom, I.C.1    Igwe, J.C.2    Oji-Nnoromc3
  • 33
    • 0020350081 scopus 로고
    • Hygienic evaluation of the content of heavy metals (lead and copper) in cosmetic products
    • Tsankov Iu., Iordanova I., Lolova D., Uzunova S., and Dinoeva S. Hygienic evaluation of the content of heavy metals (lead and copper) in cosmetic products. Probl. Khig. 7 (1982) 127-136
    • (1982) Probl. Khig. , vol.7 , pp. 127-136
    • Tsankov, Iu.1    Iordanova, I.2    Lolova, D.3    Uzunova, S.4    Dinoeva, S.5
  • 36
    • 67349137029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US FDA, United States Food and Drug Authorities, 2002a. Title 21-Food and Drugs. Chapter I-Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services. Part 74-Listing of Color Additives Subject to Certification/Office of Cosmetics and Colors. Sec. 74.1306 D&C Red No. 6. Available from: <>
    • US FDA, United States Food and Drug Authorities, 2002a. Title 21-Food and Drugs. Chapter I-Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services. Part 74-Listing of Color Additives Subject to Certification/Office of Cosmetics and Colors. Sec. 74.1306 D&C Red No. 6. Available from: .
  • 37
    • 67349210609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US FDA, United States Food and Drug Authorities. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), 2002b. FDA-Issued/Supported Export Certificates for Foods. Available from: .
    • US FDA, United States Food and Drug Authorities. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), 2002b. FDA-Issued/Supported Export Certificates for Foods. Available from: .
  • 38
    • 67349183926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US FDA, United States Food and Drug Authorities, 2002c. Title 21-Food and Drugs. Chapter I-Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services. Part 73-Listing of color additives exempt from certification. FSAN/Office of Cosmetics and Colors. Sec. 73.2496 Mica. Available from: <>
    • US FDA, United States Food and Drug Authorities, 2002c. Title 21-Food and Drugs. Chapter I-Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services. Part 73-Listing of color additives exempt from certification. FSAN/Office of Cosmetics and Colors. Sec. 73.2496 Mica. Available from: .
  • 39
    • 67349218353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition CFSAN, FDA Authority over Cosmetics. Available from
    • US FDA, United States Food and Drug Authorities Guidance for Industry. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), 2005. FDA Authority over Cosmetics. Available from: .
    • (2005) United States Food and Drug Authorities Guidance for Industry
    • FDA, U.1
  • 40
    • 67349160969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US FDA, United States Food and Drug Authorities Guidance for Industry. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Office of Plant and Dairy Foods, HFS-300, 2006a. Lead in Candy Likely To Be Consumed Frequently by Small Children: Recommended Maximum Level and Enforcement Policy. http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/dms/pbguid3.html.
    • US FDA, United States Food and Drug Authorities Guidance for Industry. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Office of Plant and Dairy Foods, HFS-300, 2006a. Lead in Candy Likely To Be Consumed Frequently by Small Children: Recommended Maximum Level and Enforcement Policy. http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/dms/pbguid3.html.
  • 41
    • 67349237708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United States Food and Drug Authorities. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Office of Cosmetics and Colors
    • Available from
    • US FDA, United States Food and Drug Authorities. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Office of Cosmetics and Colors. Kohl, Kajal, Al-Kahl, or Surma: By Any Name, Beware of Lead Poisoning, 2006b. Available from: .
    • (2006) Kohl, Kajal, Al-Kahl, or Surma: By Any Name, Beware of Lead Poisoning
    • FDA, U.1
  • 42
    • 46349097600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition CFSAN, Office of Cosmetics and Colors. Imported Cosmetics, Available from
    • US FDA, United States Food and Drug Authorities. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Office of Cosmetics and Colors. Imported Cosmetics, 2006c. Available from: .
    • (2006) United States Food and Drug Authorities
    • FDA, U.1
  • 43
    • 67349181247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US FDA, United States Food and Drug Authorities. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Office of Cosmetics and Colors, 2007a. Lipstick and Lead: Questions and Answers. Available from: .
    • US FDA, United States Food and Drug Authorities. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Office of Cosmetics and Colors, 2007a. Lipstick and Lead: Questions and Answers. Available from: .
  • 45
    • 46349097600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition CFSAN, Office of Cosmetics and Colors, Color Additives and Cosmetics. Available from
    • US FDA, United States Food and Drug Authorities. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Office of Cosmetics and Colors, 2007c. Color Additives and Cosmetics. Available from: .
    • (2007) United States Food and Drug Authorities
    • FDA, U.1
  • 49
    • 35348912780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of recycling of lead battery waste into highly leaded jewelry
    • Weidenhamer J.D., and Clement ML. Evidence of recycling of lead battery waste into highly leaded jewelry. Chemosphere 69 (2007) 1670-1672
    • (2007) Chemosphere , vol.69 , pp. 1670-1672
    • Weidenhamer, J.D.1    Clement, ML.2
  • 50
    • 67349264045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WHO, World Health Organization, International Programme on Chemical Safety, 2000. Safety evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants. WHO Food Additives Series: 44 Prepared by the 53rd meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). World Health Organization, Geneva.
    • WHO, World Health Organization, International Programme on Chemical Safety, 2000. Safety evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants. WHO Food Additives Series: 44 Prepared by the 53rd meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). World Health Organization, Geneva.
  • 51
    • 0003649650 scopus 로고
    • WHO, World Health Organization, Geneva: International Programme on Chemical Safety. World Health Organization, Geneva
    • WHO, World Health Organization, 1995. Environmental Health Criteria 165: Inorganic Lead, Geneva: International Programme on Chemical Safety. World Health Organization, Geneva.
    • (1995) Environmental Health Criteria 165: Inorganic Lead
  • 52
    • 33644634089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood lead poisoning in 2 families associated with spices used in food preparation
    • Woolf A.D., and Woolf N.T. Childhood lead poisoning in 2 families associated with spices used in food preparation. Pediatrics 116 (2005) e314-e318
    • (2005) Pediatrics , vol.116
    • Woolf, A.D.1    Woolf, N.T.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.