DRDE-07 and its analogues as promising cytoprotectants to nitrogen mustard (HN-2)-An alkylating anticancer and chemical warfare agent

Toxicology Letters

Volumn 188, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 243-250

  Sharma, Manoj ^a   Vijayaraghavan, R ^a   Gautam, Anshoo ^a  

^a DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ESTABLISHMENT   (India)

Author keywords

Cytoprotection; Cytotoxicity; Mechlorethamine; Nitrogen mustard; Oxidative stress; Percutaneous

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCYSTEINE; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; ALKYLATING AGENT; AMIFOSTINE; AMINOTHIOL; ANTIDOTE; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENT; CHLORMETHINE; DRDE 07; DRDE 09; DRDE 10; DRDE 21; DRDE 30; DRDE 35; GLUTATHIONE; GLUTATHIONE DISULFIDE; MALONALDEHYDE; MELATONIN; SODIUM THIOSULFATE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; CELL PROTECTION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DNA DAMAGE; DRUG STRUCTURE; ENZYME ACTIVITY; FEMALE; LD 50; LEUKOCYTE COUNT; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REPEATED DRUG DOSE; SPLEEN WEIGHT;

AMIFOSTINE; ANIMALS; ANTIDOTES; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, ALKYLATING; BODY WEIGHT; CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS; CYTOPROTECTION; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; DRUG TOXICITY; FEMALE; LETHAL DOSE 50; MECHLORETHAMINE; MICE; MOLECULAR WEIGHT; ORGAN SIZE; STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP;

EID: 67349252305     PISSN: 03784274     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.04.015     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Adamson P.C., Balis F.M., Belasco J.E., Lange B., Berg S.L., and Blaney S.M. A phase I trial of amifostine (WR-2721) and melphalan in children with refractory cancer. Cancer Res. 55 (1995) 4069-4072
2. Alberts D.S. Protection by amifostine of cyclophosphamide-induced myelosuppression. Semin. Oncol. 26 (1999) 37-40
3. Brookes P. The early history of the biological alkylating agents. Mut. Res. 233 (1990) 3-14
4. Buege J.A., and Aust S.D. Microsomal lipid peroxidation. Method Enzymol. 52 (1978) 303-306
5. Capizzi R.L., and Oster W. Protection of normal tissue from the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy and radiation by amifostine: clinical experiences. Eur. J. Cancer. 31 (1995) S8-S13
6. Chabner B.A., Philip C.A., Druker B.I., Michaelson M.D., Mitsiades C.S., Goss P.E., Ryan D.P., Ramachandra S., Richardson P.G., Supko J.G., and Wilson W.H. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. Eleventh ed. (2006), McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing Division, USA pp. 1315-1403
7. Dorr R.T. Antidotes to vesicant chemotherapy extravasations. Blood Rev. 4 (1990) 41-60
8. Geraci M.J. Mustard gas: imminent danger or eminent threat?. Ann. Pharmacother. 42 (2008) 237-246
9. Gniazdowski M., and Cera C. The effect of DNA covalent adducts on in vitro transcription. Chem. Rev. 96 (1996) 619-634
10. Hisin P.J., and Hilf R. A fluorometric method for determination of oxidised and reduced glutathione in tissues. Anal. Biochem. 74 (1976) 214-226
11. Issels R.D., and Nagele A. Promotion of cystine uptake, increase of glutathione biosynthesis, and modulation of glutathione status by S-2-(3-aminopropylamino) eihyl phosphorothioic acid (WR-2721) in Chinese hamster cells. Cancer Res. 49 (1989) 2082-2086
12. Kenar L., Karayilanoǧlu T., Yuksel A., Gunhan O., Kose S., and Kurt B. Evaluation of protective ointments used against dermal effects of nitrogen mustard, a vesicant warfare agent. Mil. Med. 170 (2005) 1-6
13. Khan S., Ramwani J.J., and O'Brien P.J. Hepatocyte toxicity of mechlorethamine and other alkylating anticancer drugs. Role of lipid peroxidation. Biochem. Pharmacol. 43 (1992) 1963-1967
14. Kligerman M.M., Glover D.J., Turrisi A.T., Norfleet A.L., Yuhas J.M., Coia L.R., Simone C., Glick J.H., and Goodman R.L. Toxicity of WR-2721 administered in single and multiple doses. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 10 (1984) 1773-1776
15. Korkmaz A., Yaren H., Topal T., and Oter S. Molecular targets against mustard toxicity: implication of cell surface receptors, peroxynitrite production, and PARP activation. Arch. Toxicol. 80 (2006) 662-670
16. Kulkarni A.S., Vijayaraghavan R., Pathak U., Raza S.K., Pant S.C., Satish H.T., Malhotra R.C., and Prakash A.O. Evaluation of analogues of DRDE-07 as prophylactic agents against the lethality and toxicity of sulphur mustard administered through percutaneous routes. J. Appl. Toxicol. 26 (2006) 115-125
17. Kumar P., Vijayaraghavan R., Kulkarni A.S., Pathak U., Raza S.K., and Jaiswal D.K. In vivo protection by amifostine and DRDE-07 against sulphur mustard toxicity. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 21 (2002) 371-376
18. Lerch S., Küpfer A., Idle J.R., and Lauterburg B.H. Cerebral formation in situ of S-carboxymethylcysteine after ifosfamide administration to mice: a further clue to the mechanism of ifosfamide encephalopathy. Toxicol. Lett. 161 (2006) 188-194
19. Links M., and Lewis C. Chemoprotectants: a review of their clinical pharmacology and therapeutic efficacy. Drugs 57 (1999) 293-308
20. Mandl H., and Freilinger G. First report on victims of chemical warfare in the Gulf-war treated in Vienna. Arch. Belg. (1984) 330-340
21. Moore A.S., Kirk C., and Cardona A. Intracavitary cisplatin chemotherapy experience with six dogs. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 5 (1991) 227-231
22. Munro N.B., Watson A.P., Ambrose K.R., and Griffin G.D. Treating exposure to chemical warfare agents: implications for health care providers and community emergency planning. Environ. Health Perspect. 89 (1990) 205-215
23. Navarro J., Obrador E., Pellicer J.A., Aseni M., Vina J., and Estrela J.M. Blood glutathione as an index of radiation-induced oxidative stress in mice and humans. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 22 (1997) 1203-1209
24. Ohnishi S.T., Ohnishi T., Glick J.H., and Schein P.S. In vitro study on the antioxidant activities of amifostine (WR-2721). Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 33 (1992) 419-426
25. OPCW-Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapon. Convention on the development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and Their Destruction (2000), The Technical Secretariat, The Hague, The Nederland p. 166
26. Orditura M., De Vita F., Roscigno A., Infusino S., Auriemma A., Iodice P., Ciaramella F., Abbate G., and Catalano G. Amifostine: A selective cytoprotective agent of normal tissues from chemo-radiotherapy induced toxicity. Oncol. Rep. 6 (1999) 1357-1362
27. Papirmeister B., Feister A.F., Robinson S.I., and Ford R.D. Medical Defense Against Mustard Gas: Toxic Mechanisms and Pharmacological Implications (1991), CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL pp. 174-199
28. Pathak U., Raza S.K., Kulkarni A.S., Vijayaraghavan R., Kumar P., and Jiaswal D.K. Novel S-substituted aminoalkylamino ethanethiols a potential antidotes against sulfur mustard toxicity. J. Med. Chem. 47 (2004) 3817-3822
29. Purdie J.W., and Inhaber E.R. Interaction of cultured mammalian cells with WR-2721 and its thiol WR-1065: implications for mechanisms of radioprotection. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 43 (1983) 517-527
30. Ramnath N., Lo Russo, Simon M., and Martino S. Phase II evaluation of cisplatin and WR-2721 for refractory metastatic breast cancer. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 20 (1997) 368-372
31. Rao P.V.L., Vijayaraghavan R., and Bhaskar A.S.B. Sulphur mustard induced DNA damage in mice after dermal and inhalational exposure. Toxicology 139 (1999) 39-57
32. Spencer C.M., and Goa K.L. Amifostine: a review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic as a radioprotector and cytotoxic chemoprotector. Drugs 50 (1995) 1001-1031
33. Tannehill S.P., and Mehta M.P. Amifostine and radiation therapy: past, present, and future. Semin. Oncol. 23 (1996) 69-77
34. Treskes M., Holwerda U., Klein I., Pinedo H.M., and Vander Vijgh W.J.F. The chemical reactivity of the modulating agent WR-2721(ethiofos) and its main metabolites with the antitumor agents cisplatin and carboplatin. Biochem. Pharmacol. 42 (1991) 2125-2130
35. Ucar M., Korkmaz A., Reiter R.J., Yaren H., Oter S., Kurt B., and Topal T. Melatonin alleviates lung damage induced by the chemical warfare agent nitrogen mustard. Toxicol. Lett. 173 (2007) 124-131
36. Vojvodić V., Milosavljević Z., Bosković B., and Bojanić N. The protective effect of different drugs in rats poisoned by sulfur and nitrogen mustards. Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 5 (1985) S160-S168
37. Vijayaraghavan R., Kumar P., Joshi U., Raja S.K., Lakshmana Rao P.V., Malhotra R.C., and Jaiswal D.K. Prophylactic efficacy of Amifostine and its analogues against sulphur mustard toxicity. Toxicology 163 (2001) 83-91
38. Wasserman T.H. Radiotherapeutic studies with amifostine (Ethyol). Semin. Oncol. 21 (1994) 21-25
39. Willson R.L. Free radical repair mechanisms and interaction of glutathione and vitamins C and E. In: Nygaard O.F., and Simic M.G. (Eds). Radioprotectors and Anticarcinogens (1983), Academic Press, New York 1-22
40. Wyllie A.H. Glucocorticoid induced thymocyte apoptosis is associated with endonulease activation. Nature 284 (1980) 555-556