메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 56, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 551-559

Size and shape variation in the proximal femur of Australopithecus africanus

Author keywords

Bootstrap; Coefficient of variation; Euclidean distance; Hominin; Hominoid; Intraspecific variation; Jacovec Cavern; Makapansgat; Postcrania; Sexual dimorphism; Sterkfontein

Indexed keywords

BODY MASS; BODY SHAPE; BODY SIZE; BONE; BOOTSTRAPPING; CRANIUM; FOSSIL; HOMINID; INTRASPECIFIC VARIATION; MORPHOLOGY; SEXUAL DIMORPHISM; TOOTH;

EID: 67349229778     PISSN: 00472484     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.01.002     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (31)

References (52)
  • 1
    • 0031921275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraspecific variation: the problem with excluding Sts 19 from Australopithecus africanus
    • Ahern J.C.M. Intraspecific variation: the problem with excluding Sts 19 from Australopithecus africanus. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 105 (1998) 461-480
    • (1998) Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. , vol.105 , pp. 461-480
    • Ahern, J.C.M.1
  • 3
    • 0036780881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brief communication: revised age estimates of Australopithecus-bearing deposits at Sterkfontein
    • Berger L.R., Lacruz R., and de Ruiter D.J. Brief communication: revised age estimates of Australopithecus-bearing deposits at Sterkfontein. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 119 (2002) 192-197
    • (2002) Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. , vol.119 , pp. 192-197
    • Berger, L.R.1    Lacruz, R.2    de Ruiter, D.J.3
  • 5
    • 85067494592 scopus 로고
    • A new Australopithecus cranium from Sterkfontein and its bearing on the ancestry of Paranthropus
    • Grine F.E. (Ed), Aldine de Gruyter, New York
    • Clarke R.J. A new Australopithecus cranium from Sterkfontein and its bearing on the ancestry of Paranthropus. In: Grine F.E. (Ed). Evolutionary History of the "Robust" Australopithecines (1988), Aldine de Gruyter, New York 285-292
    • (1988) Evolutionary History of the "Robust" Australopithecines , pp. 285-292
    • Clarke, R.J.1
  • 6
    • 0000535975 scopus 로고
    • Advances in understanding the craniofacial anatomy of South African early hominids
    • Corruccini R.S., and Ciochon R.L. (Eds), Prentice Hall, Cliff
    • Clarke R.J. Advances in understanding the craniofacial anatomy of South African early hominids. In: Corruccini R.S., and Ciochon R.L. (Eds). Integrative Paths to the Past: Paleoanthropological Advances in Honor of F. Clark Howell (1994), Prentice Hall, Cliff 205-222
    • (1994) Integrative Paths to the Past: Paleoanthropological Advances in Honor of F. Clark Howell , pp. 205-222
    • Clarke, R.J.1
  • 7
    • 0028552276 scopus 로고
    • On some new interpretations of Sterkfontein stratigraphy
    • Clarke R.J. On some new interpretations of Sterkfontein stratigraphy. S. Afr. J. Sci. 90 (1994) 211-214
    • (1994) S. Afr. J. Sci. , vol.90 , pp. 211-214
    • Clarke, R.J.1
  • 8
    • 0036764233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the unrealistic 'revised age estimates' for Sterkfontein
    • Clarke R.J. On the unrealistic 'revised age estimates' for Sterkfontein. S. Afr. J. Sci. 98 (2002) 415-418
    • (2002) S. Afr. J. Sci. , vol.98 , pp. 415-418
    • Clarke, R.J.1
  • 9
    • 0028976109 scopus 로고
    • Sterkfontein Member 2 foot bones of the oldest South African hominid
    • Clarke R.J., and Tobias P.V. Sterkfontein Member 2 foot bones of the oldest South African hominid. Science 269 (1995) 521-524
    • (1995) Science , vol.269 , pp. 521-524
    • Clarke, R.J.1    Tobias, P.V.2
  • 10
    • 0029507027 scopus 로고
    • Comparative application of the coefficient of variation and range-based statistics for assessing the taxonomic composition of fossil samples
    • Cope D.A., and Lacy M.G. Comparative application of the coefficient of variation and range-based statistics for assessing the taxonomic composition of fossil samples. J. Hum. Evol. 29 (1995) 549-576
    • (1995) J. Hum. Evol. , vol.29 , pp. 549-576
    • Cope, D.A.1    Lacy, M.G.2
  • 11
    • 33846526004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limb-size proportions in Australopithecus afarensis and Australopithecus africanus
    • Green D.J., Gordon A.D., and Richmond B.G. Limb-size proportions in Australopithecus afarensis and Australopithecus africanus. J. Hum. Evol. 52 (2007) 187-200
    • (2007) J. Hum. Evol. , vol.52 , pp. 187-200
    • Green, D.J.1    Gordon, A.D.2    Richmond, B.G.3
  • 12
    • 0004084108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC
    • Groves C. Primate Taxonomy (2001), Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC
    • (2001) Primate Taxonomy
    • Groves, C.1
  • 14
    • 33747079577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Size and shape variation in Australopithecus afarensis proximal femora
    • Harmon E.H. Size and shape variation in Australopithecus afarensis proximal femora. J. Hum. Evol. 51 (2006) 217-227
    • (2006) J. Hum. Evol. , vol.51 , pp. 217-227
    • Harmon, E.H.1
  • 15
    • 67049099268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The shape of the early hominin proximal femur
    • doi: 10.1002/ajpa.20966
    • Harmon E.H. The shape of the early hominin proximal femur. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol (2009) doi: 10.1002/ajpa.20966
    • (2009) Am. J. Phys. Anthropol
    • Harmon, E.H.1
  • 16
    • 45549120470 scopus 로고
    • Relative joint size and hominoid locomotor adaptations with implications for the evolution of hominid bipedalism
    • Jungers W.L. Relative joint size and hominoid locomotor adaptations with implications for the evolution of hominid bipedalism. J. Hum. Evol. 17 (1988) 247-265
    • (1988) J. Hum. Evol. , vol.17 , pp. 247-265
    • Jungers, W.L.1
  • 17
    • 33846549840 scopus 로고
    • Scaling of hominoid femoral head size and the evolution of hominid bipedalism
    • Jungers W.L. Scaling of hominoid femoral head size and the evolution of hominid bipedalism. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 8 (1990) 246
    • (1990) Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. , vol.8 , pp. 246
    • Jungers, W.L.1
  • 18
    • 0028851596 scopus 로고
    • Shape, relative size, and size adjustments in morphometrics
    • Jungers W.L., Falsetti A., and Wall C. Shape, relative size, and size adjustments in morphometrics. Yearb. Phys. Anthropol 38 (1995) 137-161
    • (1995) Yearb. Phys. Anthropol , vol.38 , pp. 137-161
    • Jungers, W.L.1    Falsetti, A.2    Wall, C.3
  • 19
    • 0002546052 scopus 로고
    • The importance of species taxa in paleoanthropology and an argument for the phylogenetic concept of the species category
    • Kimbel W.H., and Martin L.B. (Eds), Plenum, New York
    • Kimbel W.H., and Rak Y. The importance of species taxa in paleoanthropology and an argument for the phylogenetic concept of the species category. In: Kimbel W.H., and Martin L.B. (Eds). Species, Species Concepts, and Primate Evolution (1993), Plenum, New York 461-484
    • (1993) Species, Species Concepts, and Primate Evolution , pp. 461-484
    • Kimbel, W.H.1    Rak, Y.2
  • 20
    • 85067516212 scopus 로고
    • Variation, sexual dimorphism and the taxonomy of Australopithecus
    • Grine F.E. (Ed), Aldine de Gruyter, New York
    • Kimbel W.H., and White T.D. Variation, sexual dimorphism and the taxonomy of Australopithecus. In: Grine F.E. (Ed). Evolutionary History of the "Robust" Australopithecines (1988), Aldine de Gruyter, New York 175-191
    • (1988) Evolutionary History of the "Robust" Australopithecines , pp. 175-191
    • Kimbel, W.H.1    White, T.D.2
  • 21
    • 67349083470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods to estimate sexual dimorphism from unsexed samples: a test with computer-generated samples
    • Kościński K., and Pietraszewski S. Methods to estimate sexual dimorphism from unsexed samples: a test with computer-generated samples. Anthropol. Rev. 67 (2004) 33-55
    • (2004) Anthropol. Rev. , vol.67 , pp. 33-55
    • Kościński, K.1    Pietraszewski, S.2
  • 22
    • 0037417045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of joint size dimorphism in the elbow and knee of catarrhine primates
    • Lague M.R. Patterns of joint size dimorphism in the elbow and knee of catarrhine primates. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 120 (2003) 278-297
    • (2003) Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. , vol.120 , pp. 278-297
    • Lague, M.R.1
  • 23
    • 0029909054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphometric variation in Plio-Pleistocene hominid distal humeri
    • Lague M.R., and Jungers W.L. Morphometric variation in Plio-Pleistocene hominid distal humeri. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 101 (1996) 401-427
    • (1996) Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. , vol.101 , pp. 401-427
    • Lague, M.R.1    Jungers, W.L.2
  • 24
    • 84962979597 scopus 로고
    • On the measurement of relative variability
    • Lewontin R.C. On the measurement of relative variability. Syst. Zool. 15 (1966) 141-142
    • (1966) Syst. Zool. , vol.15 , pp. 141-142
    • Lewontin, R.C.1
  • 25
    • 0032959918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual dimorphism in the face of Australopithecus africanus
    • Lockwood C.A. Sexual dimorphism in the face of Australopithecus africanus. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 108 (1999) 97-127
    • (1999) Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. , vol.108 , pp. 97-127
    • Lockwood, C.A.1
  • 26
    • 0033929789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal trends and metric variation in the mandibles and dentition of Australopithecus afarensis
    • Lockwood C.A., Kimbel W.H., and Johanson D.C. Temporal trends and metric variation in the mandibles and dentition of Australopithecus afarensis. J. Hum. Evol. 39 (2000) 23-55
    • (2000) J. Hum. Evol. , vol.39 , pp. 23-55
    • Lockwood, C.A.1    Kimbel, W.H.2    Johanson, D.C.3
  • 27
    • 0000024068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomization procedures and sexual dimorphism in Australopithecus afarensis
    • Lockwood C.A., Richmond B.G., Jungers W.L., and Kimbel W.H. Randomization procedures and sexual dimorphism in Australopithecus afarensis. J. Hum. Evol. 31 (1996) 537-548
    • (1996) J. Hum. Evol. , vol.31 , pp. 537-548
    • Lockwood, C.A.1    Richmond, B.G.2    Jungers, W.L.3    Kimbel, W.H.4
  • 28
    • 0033150236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A large male hominin cranium from Sterkfontein, South Africa, and the status of Australopithecus africanus
    • Lockwood C.A., and Tobias P.V. A large male hominin cranium from Sterkfontein, South Africa, and the status of Australopithecus africanus. J. Hum. Evol. 36 (1999) 637-685
    • (1999) J. Hum. Evol. , vol.36 , pp. 637-685
    • Lockwood, C.A.1    Tobias, P.V.2
  • 29
    • 0036005747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphology and affinities of new hominin cranial remains from Member 4 of the Sterkfontein Formation, Gauteng Province, South Africa
    • Lockwood C.A., and Tobias P.V. Morphology and affinities of new hominin cranial remains from Member 4 of the Sterkfontein Formation, Gauteng Province, South Africa. J. Hum. Evol. 42 (2002) 389-450
    • (2002) J. Hum. Evol. , vol.42 , pp. 389-450
    • Lockwood, C.A.1    Tobias, P.V.2
  • 30
    • 51249174388 scopus 로고
    • Size variation in the postcranium of Australopithecus afarensis and extant species of Hominoidea
    • McHenry H.M. Size variation in the postcranium of Australopithecus afarensis and extant species of Hominoidea. Hum. Evol. 1 (1986) 149-156
    • (1986) Hum. Evol. , vol.1 , pp. 149-156
    • McHenry, H.M.1
  • 31
    • 0026546399 scopus 로고
    • Body size and proportions in early hominids
    • McHenry H.M. Body size and proportions in early hominids. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 87 (1992) 407-431
    • (1992) Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. , vol.87 , pp. 407-431
    • McHenry, H.M.1
  • 32
    • 0032124908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body proportions in Australopithecus afarensis and A. africanus and the origin of the genus Homo
    • McHenry H.M., and Berger L. Body proportions in Australopithecus afarensis and A. africanus and the origin of the genus Homo. J. Hum. Evol. 35 (1998) 1-22
    • (1998) J. Hum. Evol. , vol.35 , pp. 1-22
    • McHenry, H.M.1    Berger, L.2
  • 33
    • 0031869336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mixed dentition and associated skull fragments of a juvenile fossil hominid from Sterkfontein, South Africa
    • Moggi-Cecchi J., Tobias P.V., and Beynon A.D. The mixed dentition and associated skull fragments of a juvenile fossil hominid from Sterkfontein, South Africa. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 106 (1998) 425-465
    • (1998) Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. , vol.106 , pp. 425-465
    • Moggi-Cecchi, J.1    Tobias, P.V.2    Beynon, A.D.3
  • 34
    • 84950615442 scopus 로고
    • Size allometry: size and shape variables with characterizations of the log-normal and gamma distributions
    • Mosimann J.E. Size allometry: size and shape variables with characterizations of the log-normal and gamma distributions. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 56 (1970) 930-945
    • (1970) J. Am. Stat. Assoc. , vol.56 , pp. 930-945
    • Mosimann, J.E.1
  • 35
    • 0037466564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lower Pliocene hominid remains from Sterkfontein
    • Partridge T., Granger D., Caffee M., and Clarke R. Lower Pliocene hominid remains from Sterkfontein. Science 300 (2003) 607-612
    • (2003) Science , vol.300 , pp. 607-612
    • Partridge, T.1    Granger, D.2    Caffee, M.3    Clarke, R.4
  • 36
    • 0007121511 scopus 로고
    • Re-evaluation of lithostratigraphy of Makapansgat Limeworks hominid site
    • Partridge T.C. Re-evaluation of lithostratigraphy of Makapansgat Limeworks hominid site. Nature 279 (1979) 484-488
    • (1979) Nature , vol.279 , pp. 484-488
    • Partridge, T.C.1
  • 37
    • 0002227606 scopus 로고
    • The stratigraphy of the Sterkfontein hominid deposit and its relationship to the underground cave system
    • Partridge T.C., and Watt I.B. The stratigraphy of the Sterkfontein hominid deposit and its relationship to the underground cave system. Paleont. Afr. 28 (1991) 35-40
    • (1991) Paleont. Afr. , vol.28 , pp. 35-40
    • Partridge, T.C.1    Watt, I.B.2
  • 38
    • 4143119954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of carnivores in the accumulation of the Sterkfontein Member 4 hominid assemblage: a taphonomic reassessment of the complete hominid fossil sample (1936-1999)
    • Pickering T.R., Clarke R.J., and Moggi-Cecchi J. Role of carnivores in the accumulation of the Sterkfontein Member 4 hominid assemblage: a taphonomic reassessment of the complete hominid fossil sample (1936-1999). Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 125 (2004) 1-15
    • (2004) Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. , vol.125 , pp. 1-15
    • Pickering, T.R.1    Clarke, R.J.2    Moggi-Cecchi, J.3
  • 39
    • 0027968830 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of four simple methods for estimating sexual dimorphism in fossils
    • Plavcan J.M. Comparison of four simple methods for estimating sexual dimorphism in fossils. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 94 (1994) 465-476
    • (1994) Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. , vol.94 , pp. 465-476
    • Plavcan, J.M.1
  • 40
    • 0037216574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scaling relationships between craniofacial sexual dimorphism and body mass dimorphism in primates: implications for the fossil record
    • Plavcan J.M. Scaling relationships between craniofacial sexual dimorphism and body mass dimorphism in primates: implications for the fossil record. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 120 (2003) 38-60
    • (2003) Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. , vol.120 , pp. 38-60
    • Plavcan, J.M.1
  • 41
    • 14544273708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual dimorphism in Australopithecus afarensis revisited: how strong is the case for a human-like pattern of dimorphism?
    • Plavcan J.M., Lockwood C.A., Kimbel W.H., Lague M.R., and Harmon E.H. Sexual dimorphism in Australopithecus afarensis revisited: how strong is the case for a human-like pattern of dimorphism?. J. Hum. Evol. 48 (2005) 313-320
    • (2005) J. Hum. Evol. , vol.48 , pp. 313-320
    • Plavcan, J.M.1    Lockwood, C.A.2    Kimbel, W.H.3    Lague, M.R.4    Harmon, E.H.5
  • 42
    • 0041629655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual dimorphism in Australopithecus afarensis was similar to that of modern humans
    • Reno P.L., Meindl R.S., McCollum M.A., and Lovejoy C.O. Sexual dimorphism in Australopithecus afarensis was similar to that of modern humans. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 16 (2003) 9404-9409
    • (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , vol.16 , pp. 9404-9409
    • Reno, P.L.1    Meindl, R.S.2    McCollum, M.A.3    Lovejoy, C.O.4
  • 43
    • 22544446157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The case is unchanged and remains robust: Australopithecus afarensis exhibits only moderate skeletal dimorphism
    • Reno P.L., Meindl R.S., McCollum M.A., and Lovejoy C.O. The case is unchanged and remains robust: Australopithecus afarensis exhibits only moderate skeletal dimorphism. J. Hum. Evol. 49 (2005) 279-288
    • (2005) J. Hum. Evol. , vol.49 , pp. 279-288
    • Reno, P.L.1    Meindl, R.S.2    McCollum, M.A.3    Lovejoy, C.O.4
  • 44
    • 0029472055 scopus 로고
    • Size variation and sexual dimorphism in Australopithecus afarensis and living hominoids
    • Richmond B.G., and Jungers W.L. Size variation and sexual dimorphism in Australopithecus afarensis and living hominoids. J. Hum. Evol. 29 (1995) 229-245
    • (1995) J. Hum. Evol. , vol.29 , pp. 229-245
    • Richmond, B.G.1    Jungers, W.L.2
  • 45
    • 41149154021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Orrorin tugenensis femoral morphology and the evolution of hominin bipedalism
    • Richmond B.G., and Jungers W.L. Orrorin tugenensis femoral morphology and the evolution of hominin bipedalism. Science 319 (2008) 1662-1665
    • (2008) Science , vol.319 , pp. 1662-1665
    • Richmond, B.G.1    Jungers, W.L.2
  • 46
    • 0001179604 scopus 로고
    • Primate limb bone structural adaptations
    • Ruff C.B., and Runestad J.A. Primate limb bone structural adaptations. A. Rev. Anthropl. 21 (1992) 407-433
    • (1992) A. Rev. Anthropl. , vol.21 , pp. 407-433
    • Ruff, C.B.1    Runestad, J.A.2
  • 48
    • 0035011975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing the taxonomic integrity of Paranthropus boisei sensu stricto
    • Silverman N., Richmond B.G., and Wood B. Testing the taxonomic integrity of Paranthropus boisei sensu stricto. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 115 (2001) 167-178
    • (2001) Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. , vol.115 , pp. 167-178
    • Silverman, N.1    Richmond, B.G.2    Wood, B.3
  • 49
    • 0031158771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body mass in comparative primatology
    • Smith R.J., and Jungers W.L. Body mass in comparative primatology. J. Hum. Evol. 32 (1997) 523-559
    • (1997) J. Hum. Evol. , vol.32 , pp. 523-559
    • Smith, R.J.1    Jungers, W.L.2
  • 50
    • 0004249246 scopus 로고
    • W.H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco
    • Sokal R.R., and Rohlf F.J. Biometry (1995), W.H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco
    • (1995) Biometry
    • Sokal, R.R.1    Rohlf, F.J.2
  • 51
    • 0002123244 scopus 로고
    • Ecological and adaptive changes associated with early hominid evolution
    • Delson E. (Ed), Alan R. Liss, New York
    • Vrba E.S. Ecological and adaptive changes associated with early hominid evolution. In: Delson E. (Ed). Ancestors: The Hard Evidence (1985), Alan R. Liss, New York 63-71
    • (1985) Ancestors: The Hard Evidence , pp. 63-71
    • Vrba, E.S.1
  • 52
    • 0000783099 scopus 로고
    • Early Homo in Kenya, and its systematic relationships
    • Delson E. (Ed), Alan R. Liss, New York
    • Wood B. Early Homo in Kenya, and its systematic relationships. In: Delson E. (Ed). Ancestors: The Hard Evidence (1985), Alan R. Liss, New York 206-214
    • (1985) Ancestors: The Hard Evidence , pp. 206-214
    • Wood, B.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.