How many facets are needed to represent the surface energy balance of an urban area?

Boundary-Layer Meteorology

Volumn 132, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 107-128

  Porson, Aurore ^a   Harman, Ian N ^b   Bohnenstengel, Sylvia I ^a   Belcher, Stephen E ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF READING   (United Kingdom)

^b CSIRO   (Australia)

Author keywords

Roof and street canyon; Simplified urban parameterization; Surface fluxes; Urban energy balance

Indexed keywords

DIURNAL TEMPERATURES; ENERGY BALANCE MODELS; FACET MODELS; FLAT SURFACES; HEAT CAPACITIES; LONG WAVES; MATERIAL PROPERTY; MEXICO CITY; MODEL COMPARISON; NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION; ROAD TEMPERATURE; SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX; SIMPLIFIED URBAN PARAMETERIZATION; SINGLE-COLUMN MODEL; STREET CANYON; SURFACE ENERGY BALANCE; SURFACE FLUXES; URBAN AREAS; URBAN ENERGY BALANCE; URBAN SURFACES; WALL TEMPERATURES;

ENERGY BALANCE; HEAT FLUX; HEAT TRANSFER; ROADS AND STREETS; ROOFS; SPECIFIC HEAT; SURFACE CHEMISTRY; SURFACE MEASUREMENT; SURFACE TENSION; SURFACES; TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION; TWO DIMENSIONAL; WALLS (STRUCTURAL PARTITIONS);

MODEL BUILDINGS;

AIR TEMPERATURE; DIURNAL VARIATION; ENERGY BALANCE; HEAT ISLAND; LONGWAVE RADIATION; SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX; SHORTWAVE RADIATION; STREET CANYON; SURFACE FLUX; THERMODYNAMICS; URBAN ATMOSPHERE; WEATHER FORECASTING;

EID: 67349198423     PISSN: 00068314     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10546-009-9392-4     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Barlow JF, Belcher SE (2002) A wind tunnel model for quantifying fluxes in the urban boundary layer. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 104(1):131-150
2. Barlow JF, Harman IN, Belcher SE (2004) Scalar fluxes from urban street canyons. Part I: Laboratory simulation. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 113(3):369-385
3. Best MJ (2005) Representing urban areas within operational numerical weather prediction models. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 114:91-109
4. Best MJ (2006) Progress towards better weather forecasts for city dwellers: From short range to climate change. Theor Appl Climatol 84:47-55
5. Best MJ, Grimmond CSB, Villani MG (2006) Evaluation of the urban tile in MOSES using surface energy balance observations. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 118:503-525
6. Dupont S, Mestayer P (2006) Parameterization of the urban energy budget with the submesoscale soil model. J Appl Meteorol Climatol 49:1744-1765
7. Goward SN (1981) Thermal behaviour of urban landscapes and the urban heat island. Phys Geogr 2:19-33
8. Grimmond CSB, Oke TR (1999) Aerodynamic properties of urban areas derived from analysis of surface form. J Appl Meteorol 38:1262-1292
9. Grimmond CSB, Best MJ, Barlow J, Baik J-J, Baklanov A, Belcher S, Bruse M, Calmet I, Chen F, Clark P, Dandou A, Erell E, Fortuniak K, Hamdi R, Kanda M, Kawai T, Kondo H, Krayenhoff S, Lee S-H, Limor S-B, Martilli A, Masson V, Miao S, Mills G, Moriwaki R, Oleson K, Porson A, Sievers U, Tombrou M, Voogt J, Williamson T (2007) Urban surface energy balance models: Model characteristics and methodology for a comparison study. COST 728 Exeter workshop, 131 pp
10. Hamdi R, Schayes G (2008) Sensitivity study of the urban heat island intensity to urban characteristics. Int J Climatol 28:973-982
11. Harman IN, Belcher SE (2006) The surface energy balance and boundary-layer over urban areas. Q J Roy Meteorol Soc 132(621):2749-2768
12. Harman IN, Best MJ, Belcher SE (2004a) Radiative exchange in an urban street canyon. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 110:301-316
13. Harman IN, Barlow JF, Belcher SE (2004b) Scalar fluxes from urban street canyons. Part II: Model. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 113:387-410
14. Holt T, Pullen J (2007) Urban canopy modeling of the New York City metropolitan area: A comparison and validation of single- and multilayer parameterizations. Mon Weather Rev 135:1906-1930
15. Johnson GT, Oke TR, Lyons TJ, Steyn DG, Watson ID, Voogt JA (1991) Simulation of surface urban heat islands under 'ideal' conditions at night. Part I: Theory and tests against field data. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 56:275-294
16. Kanda M, Kawai T, Kanega M, Moriwaki R, Narita K, Hagishima A (2005) A simple energy balance model for regular building arrays. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 116:423-443
17. Kusaka H, Kondo H, Kikegawa Y, Kimura F (2001) A simple single-layer urban canopy model for atmospheric models: Comparison with multi-layer and slab models. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 101:329-358
18. Lee S-H, Park S-U (2008) A vegetated urban canopy model for meteorological and environmental modelling. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 126:73-102
19. Lemonsu A, Belair S, Mailhot J, Benjamin M, Chagnon F, Morneau G, Harvey B, Voogt J, Jean M (2008) Overview and first results of the Montreal Urban Snow Experiment 2005. J Appl Meterol Climatol 47:59-75
20. Macdonald RW, Griffiths RF, Hall DJ (1998) An improved method for the estimation of surface roughness of obstacle arrays. Atmos Environ 32:1857-1864
21. Martilli A (2007) Current research and future challenges in urban mesoscale modelling. Int J Climatol 27:1909-1918
22. Martilli A, Clappier A, Rotach M (2002) An urban surface exchange parameterization for mesoscale models. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 104:261-304
23. Masson V (2000) A physically-based scheme for the urban energy budget in atmospheric models. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 94:357-397
24. Masson V (2006) Urban surface modeling and the meso-scale impact of cities. Theor Appl Climatol 84:35-45
25. Masson V, Grimmond CSB, Oke TR (2002) Evaluation of the Town Energy Balance (TEB) scheme with direct measurements from dry districts in two cities. J Appl Meteorol 11:1011-1026
26. Oke TR (1987) Boundary layer climates, 2nd edn. Methuen, London, p 435
27. Oke TR, Spronken-Smith RA, Jauregui E, Grimmond CSB (1999) The energy balance of central Mexico City during the dry season. Atmos Environ 33:3919-3930
28. Oleson KW, Bonan GB, Feddema J, Vertenstein M, Grimmond CSB (2008a) An urban parameterization for a global climate model. Part I: Formulation and evaluation for two cities. J Appl Meteorol Climatol 47:1038-1060
29. Oleson KW, Bonan GB, Feddema J, Vertenstein M (2008b) An urban parameterization for a global climate model. Part II: Sensitivity to input parameters and the simulated urban heat island in offline simulations. J Appl Meteorol Climatol 47:1061-1076
30. Roth M, Oke TR, Emery WJ (1989) Satellite-derived urban heat islands from three coastal cities and the utilization of such data in urban climatology. Int J Rem Sens 10:1699-1720
31. Sparrow EM, Cess RD (1970) Radiation heat transfer, Chap. 3-4, appendices A & B. Thermal Science Series, Brooks/Cole, pp 75-136, 300-313