Modulation of the inflow into the Caribbean Sea by North Brazil Current rings

Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

Volumn 56, Issue 7, 2009, Pages 1057-1076

  Mertens, Christian ^a   Rhein, Monika ^a   Walter, Maren ^a   Kirchner, Kerstin ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BREMEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Caribbean; North Brazil Current rings; Ocean circulation; Volume transport; Western tropical Atlantic

Indexed keywords

CARIBBEAN; NORTH BRAZIL CURRENT RINGS; OCEAN CIRCULATION; VOLUME TRANSPORT; WESTERN TROPICAL ATLANTIC;

ACOUSTIC SURFACE WAVE DEVICES; MOORING; OCEAN ENGINEERING; TIME MEASUREMENT; TIME SERIES; WATER CONTENT;

OCEAN CURRENTS;

BAROCLINIC MOTION; CURRENT RING; ECHO SOUNDER; INFLOW; ISLAND; MEASUREMENT METHOD; MOORING SYSTEM; OCEANIC CURRENT; SEASONAL VARIATION;

ATLANTIC ISLANDS; ATLANTIC OCEAN; BARBADOS; CARIBBEAN ISLANDS; CARIBBEAN SEA; LESSER ANTILLES; NORTH BRAZIL CURRENT; SAINT LUCIA; TOBAGO; TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO; WINDWARD ISLANDS [LESSER ANTILLES];

EID: 67349144659     PISSN: 09670637     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2009.03.002     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. {ring operator} N. Geophys. Res. Lett. 28 16 (2001) 3179-3182
2. Brown W., Munk W., Snodgrass F., Mofjeld H., and Zetler B. MODE bottom experiment. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 5 (1975) 75-85
3. Bourlès B., Molinari R.L., Johns E., Wilson W.D., and Leaman K.D. Upper layer currents in the western tropical North Atlantic (1989-1991). J. Geophys. Res. 104 C1 (1999) 1361-1375
4. Candela, J., Tanahara, S., Crepon, M., Barnier, B., Sheinbaum, J., 2003. Yucatan Channel flow: observations versus CLIPPER ATL6 and MERCATOR PAM models. J. Geophys. Res. 108 (C12), 3385, doi:10.1029/2003JC001961.
5. Del Grosso V.A. New equation for the speed of sound in natural waters (with comparisons to other equations). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 56 4 (1974) 1084-1091
6. Dengg J., Böning C.W., Ernst U., Redler R., and Beckmann A. Effects of an improved model representation of overflow water on the subpolar North Atlantic. Int. WOCE Newsl. 37 (1999) 10-15
7. Didden N., and Schott F. Eddies in the North Brazil Current retroflection region observed by Geosat altimetry. J. Geophys. Res. 98 C11 (1993) 20121-20131
8. Ffield A. North Brazil Current rings viewed by TRMM Microwave Imager SST and the influence of the Amazon Plume. Deep-Sea Res. I 52 (2005) 137-160
9. Fratantoni D.M., Johns W.E., and Townsend T.L. Rings of the North Brazil Current: their structure and behavior inferred from observations and a numerical simulation. J. Geophys. Res. 100 C6 (1995) 10633-10654
10. Fratantoni D.M., and Glickson D.A. North Brazil Current ring generation and evolution observed with SeaWiFS. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 32 (2002) 1058-1074
11. Fratantoni D.M., and Richardson P.L. The evolution and demise of North Brazil Current rings. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 36 (2006) 1241-1264
12. Garraffo Z.D., Johns W.E., Chassignet E.P., and Goni G.J. North Brazil Current rings and transport of southern waters in a high resolution numerical simulation of the North Atlantic. In: Goni G.J., and Malanotte-Rizzoli P. (Eds). Interhemispheric Water Exchange in the Atlantic Ocean. Elsevier Oceanographic Series vol. 68 (2003), Elsevier, Amsterdam 375-409
13. Garzoli S., Ffield A., and Yao Q. North Brazil Current rings and the variability in the latitude of retroflection. In: Goni G.J., and Malanotte-Rizzoli P. (Eds). Interhemispheric Water Exchange in the Atlantic Ocean. Elsevier Oceanographic Series vol. 68 (2003), Elsevier, Amsterdam 357-374
14. Garzoli, S.L., Ffield, A., Johns, W.E., Yao, Q., 2004. North Brazil Current retroflection and transport. J. Geophys. Res. 109, C01013, doi:10.1029/2003JC001775.
15. Goni G.J., and Johns W.E. A census of North Brazil Current rings observed from TOPEX/POSEIDON altimetry: 1992-1998. Geophys. Res. Lett. 28 1 (2001) 1-4
16. Goni G.J., and Johns W.E. Synoptic study of warm rings in the North Brazil Current retroflection region using satellite altimetry. In: Goni G.J., and Malanotte-Rizzoli P. (Eds). Interhemispheric Water Exchange in the Atlantic Ocean. Elsevier Oceanographic Series vol. 68 (2003), Elsevier, Amsterdam 335-356
17. Hamilton P., Larsen J.C., Leaman K.D., Lee T.N., and Waddell E. Transports through the Straits of Florida. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 35 (2005) 308-322
18. Hellweger F.L., and Gordon A.L. Tracing Amazon River water into the Caribbean Sea. J. Mar. Res. 60 (2002) 537-549
19. Jochum M., and Malanotte-Rizzoli P. On the generation of North Brazil Current rings. J. Mar. Res. 61 (2003) 147-173
20. {ring operator} N. Deep-Sea Res. I 52 8 (2005) 1542-1567
21. Johns W.E., Lee T.N., Schott F.A., Zantopp R.J., and Evans R.H. The North Brasil Current retroflection: seasonal structure and eddy variability. J. Geophys. Res. 95 C12 (1990) 22.103-22.120
22. Johns W.E., Townsend T.L., Fratantoni D.M., and Wilson W.D. On the Atlantic inflow to the Caribbean Sea. Deep-Sea Res. I 49 (2002) 211-243
23. Johns W.E., Zantopp R.J., and Goni G.J. Cross-gyre transport by North Brazil Current rings. In: Goni G.J., and Malanotte-Rizzoli P. (Eds). Interhemispheric Water Exchange in the Atlantic Ocean. Elsevier Oceanographic Series vol. 68 (2003), Elsevier, Amsterdam 411-441
24. Kanzow T., Send U., Zenk W., Chave A.D., and Rhein M. Monitoring the integrated deep meridional flow in the tropical North Atlantic: long-term performance of a geostrophic array. Deep-Sea Res. I 53 3 (2006) 528-546
25. Kirchner, K., 2007. Observed and modeled MOC related flow into the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean. Ph.D. Thesis, Universität Bremen, Bremen, Germany, 2007. URL: 〈http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:46-diss000108593〉.
26. Kirchner, K., Rhein, M., Hüttl-Kabus, S., Böning, C.W., 2009. On the spreading of South Atlantic Water into the northern hemisphere. J. Geophys. Res., in press, doi: 10.1029/2008JC005165.
27. Kirchner, K., Rhein, M., Mertens, C., Böning, C.W., Hüttl, S., 2008. Observed and modeled meridional overturning circulation related flow into the Caribbean. J. Geophys. Res. 113, C03028, doi:10.1029/2007JC004320.
28. Meinen C.S., Garzoli S.L., Johns W.E., and Baringer M.O. Transport variability of the deep western boundary current and the Antilles Current off Abaco Island, Bahamas. Deep-Sea Res. I 51 (2004) 1397-1415
29. Meinen C.S., and Watts D.R. Calibrating inverted echo sounders equipped with pressure sensors. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. 15 (1998) 1339-1345
30. {ring operator} N: time series and mean. J. Geophys. Res. 105 C9 (2000) 21869-21891
31. {ring operator} N, 2000-2004. Deep-Sea Res. I 52 (2005) 2234-2249
32. Richardson P.L. Caribbean Current and eddies as observed by surface drifters. Deep-Sea Res. II 52 (2005) 429-463
33. Richardson P.L., Hufford G.E., Limeburner R., and Brown W.S. North Brazil Current retroflection eddies. J. Geophys. Res. 99 C3 (1994) 5081-5093
34. Schmitz Jr. W.J., and Richardson P.L. On the sources of the Florida Current. Deep-Sea Res. A 38 Suppl. (1991) S379-S409
35. Schott F.A., Fischer J., and Stramma L. Transports and pathways of the upper-layer circulation in the western tropical Atlantic. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 28 (1998) 1904-1928
36. Schott F.A., Lee T.N., and Zantopp R. Variability of structure and transport of the Florida Current in the period range of days to seasonal. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 18 (1988) 1209-1230
37. Sheinbaum, J., Candela, J., Badan, A., Ochoa, J., 2002. Flow structure and transport in the Yucatan Channel. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29 (3), doi: 10.1029/2001GL013990.
38. Stramma L., and Schott F. The mean flow field of the tropical Atlantic Ocean. Deep-Sea Res. II 46 (1999) 279-303
39. Stramma L., Rhein M., Brandt P., Dengler M., Böning C., and Walter M. Upper ocean circulation in the western tropical Atlantic in boreal fall 2000. Deep-Sea Res. I 52 (2005) 221-240
40. Watts D.R., and Kontoyiannis H. Deep-ocean bottom pressure measurement: drift removal and performance. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. 7 (1990) 296-306
41. Watts D.R., and Rossby H.T. Measuring dynamic heights with inverted echo sounders: results from MODE. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 7 (1977) 345-358
42. Watts D.R., Sun C., and Rintoul S. A two-dimensional gravest empirical mode determined from hydrographic observations in the subantarctic front. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 31 (2001) 2186-2209
43. Wilson W.D., and Johns W.E. Velocity structure and transport in the Windward Island Passages. Deep-Sea Res. I 44 (1997) 487-520
44. Wilson, W.D., Johns, W.E., Garzoli, S.L., 2002. Velocity structure of North Brazil Current rings. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29 (8), doi: 10.1029/2001CL013869.
45. Wilson W.D., Johns E., and Molinari R. Upper layer circulation in the western tropical North Atlantic during August, 1989. J. Geophys. Res. 99 C11 (1994) 22513-22523