메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 143-166

Adolescent racial and ethnic identity in context

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 67349093621     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (11)

References (83)
  • 2
    • 0001849459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Impact of Poverty on the Mental Health and Development of Very Young Children
    • edited by Charles H. Zeanah Jr. 2nd edition. New York: Guilford Press
    • Aber, J. Lawrence, Stephanie Jones, Jennifer Cohen. 2000. "The Impact of Poverty on the Mental Health and Development of Very Young Children." In Handbook of Infant Mental Health, edited by Charles H. Zeanah Jr. 2nd edition. New York: Guilford Press.
    • (2000) Handbook of Infant Mental Health
    • Aber, J.L.1    Jones, S.2    Cohen, J.3
  • 3
    • 0002049660 scopus 로고
    • The Development of Ethnic Self-Identification and Attitudes
    • edited by Jean S. Phinney and Mary J. Rotheram. Newbury Park, Calif.: Sage
    • Aboud, Frances E. 1987. "The Development of Ethnic Self-Identification and Attitudes." In Children's Ethnic Socialization, edited by Jean S. Phinney and Mary J. Rotheram. Newbury Park, Calif.: Sage.
    • (1987) Children's Ethnic Socialization
    • Aboud, F.E.1
  • 5
    • 27644452064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial Identity, Africentric Values, and Self-Esteem in Jamaican Children
    • Akbar, Maysa, John W. Chambers Jr., and Vetta L. Saunders Thompson. 2001. "Racial Identity, Africentric Values, and Self-Esteem in Jamaican Children." Journal of Black Psychology 27(3): 341-58.
    • (2001) Journal of Black Psychology , vol.27 , Issue.3 , pp. 341-358
    • Akbar, M.1    Chambers, J.W.2    Saunders Thompson, V.L.3
  • 7
    • 0001734565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial and Ethnic Differences in Patterns of Problematic and Adaptive Development: An Epidemiological Review
    • edited by Vonnie C. McLoyd and Laurence Steinberg. Mahwah, N.J.: Erlbaum
    • Allen, LaRue, and Christina Mitchell. 1998. "Racial and Ethnic Differences in Patterns of Problematic and Adaptive Development: An Epidemiological Review." In Studying Minority Adolescents: Conceptual, Methodological, and Theoretical Issues, edited by Vonnie C. McLoyd and Laurence Steinberg. Mahwah, N.J.: Erlbaum.
    • (1998) Studying Minority Adolescents: Conceptual, Methodological, and Theoretical Issues
    • Allen, L.1    Mitchell, C.2
  • 8
    • 0019680042 scopus 로고
    • A Reconsideration of Chicano Culture and Identity
    • Arce, Carlos. 1981. "A Reconsideration of Chicano Culture and Identity." Daedalus 110: 177-92.
    • (1981) Daedalus , vol.110 , pp. 177-192
    • Arce, C.1
  • 9
    • 0000590775 scopus 로고
    • Racial Preference and Social Comparison Processes
    • Asher, Steven R., and Vernon L. Allen. 1969. "Racial Preference and Social Comparison Processes." Journal of Special Issues 25(1): 157-66.
    • (1969) Journal of Special Issues , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 157-166
    • Asher, S.R.1    Allen, V.L.2
  • 10
    • 0346937392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An Organizing Framework for Collective Identity: Articulation and Significance of Multidimensionality
    • Ashmore, Richard D., Kay Deaux, and Tracy McLaughlin-Volpe. 2004. "An Organizing Framework for Collective Identity: Articulation and Significance of Multidimensionality." Psychological Bulletin 130(1): 80-114.
    • (2004) Psychological Bulletin , vol.130 , Issue.1 , pp. 80-114
    • Ashmore, R.D.1    Deaux, K.2    McLaughlin-Volpe, T.3
  • 17
    • 0002435680 scopus 로고
    • Measures of Racial Identity: An Overview and a Proposed Framework
    • Burlew, A. Kathleen, and Lori R. Smith. 1991. "Measures of Racial Identity: An Overview and a Proposed Framework." Journal of Black Psychology 17(2): 53-71.
    • (1991) Journal of Black Psychology , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 53-71
    • Burlew, A.K.1    Smith, L.R.2
  • 18
    • 84950511760 scopus 로고
    • Effects of Schools' Racial Composition on the Self-Concept of Black and White Students
    • Busk, Patricia L., Robin C. Ford, and Jerome L. Schulman. 1973. "Effects of Schools' Racial Composition on the Self-Concept of Black and White Students." Journal of Educational Research 67(2): 57-63.
    • (1973) Journal of Educational Research , vol.67 , Issue.2 , pp. 57-63
    • Busk, P.L.1    Ford, R.C.2    Schulman, J.L.3
  • 19
    • 33646187023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of Logical Reasoning and the School Performance of African American Adolescents in Relation to Socioeconomic Status, Ethnic Identity, and Self-Esteem
    • Chapell, Mark S., and Willis F. Overton. 2002. "Development of Logical Reasoning and the School Performance of African American Adolescents in Relation to Socioeconomic Status, Ethnic Identity, and Self-Esteem." Journal of Black Psychology 28(4): 295-317.
    • (2002) Journal of Black Psychology , vol.28 , Issue.4 , pp. 295-317
    • Chapell, M.S.1    Overton, W.F.2
  • 20
    • 0000753111 scopus 로고
    • The Development of Consciousness of the Self and the Emergence of Racial Identification in Negro Preschool Children
    • Clark, Kenneth B., and Mamie P. Clark. 1939. "The Development of Consciousness of the Self and the Emergence of Racial Identification in Negro Preschool Children." Journal of Social Psychology 10: 591-99.
    • (1939) Journal of Social Psychology , vol.10 , pp. 591-599
    • Clark, K.B.1    Clark, M.P.2
  • 21
    • 84935412358 scopus 로고
    • The Epidemic Theory of Ghettos and Neighborhood Effects on Dropping Out and Teenage Childbearing
    • Crane, Jonathan. 1991. "The Epidemic Theory of Ghettos and Neighborhood Effects on Dropping Out and Teenage Childbearing." American Journal of Sociology 96(5): 32-41.
    • (1991) American Journal of Sociology , vol.96 , Issue.5 , pp. 32-41
    • Crane, J.1
  • 22
    • 21844492075 scopus 로고
    • Collective SelfEsteem and Psychological Well-Being Among White, Black, and Asian College Students
    • Crocker, Jennifer, Riia Luhtanen, Bruce Blaine, and Stephanie Broadnax. 1994. "Collective SelfEsteem and Psychological Well-Being Among White, Black, and Asian College Students." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 20(5): 503-13.
    • (1994) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.20 , Issue.5 , pp. 503-513
    • Crocker, J.1    Luhtanen, R.2    Blaine, B.3    Broadnax, S.4
  • 24
    • 0002991841 scopus 로고
    • Toward a Psychology of Black Liberation: The Negro-to-Black Conversion Experience
    • Cross, William E. 1971. "Toward a Psychology of Black Liberation: The Negro-to-Black Conversion Experience." Black World 20(9): 13-27.
    • (1971) Black World , vol.20 , Issue.9 , pp. 13-27
    • Cross, W.E.1
  • 26
    • 21844511597 scopus 로고
    • Families and Neighbors as Sources of Disadvantage in the Schooling Decisions of Black and White Adolescents
    • Duncan, Greg. 1994. "Families and Neighbors as Sources of Disadvantage in the Schooling Decisions of Black and White Adolescents." American Journal of Education 103(4): 20-53.
    • (1994) American Journal of Education , vol.103 , Issue.4 , pp. 20-53
    • Duncan, G.1
  • 27
    • 0028414307 scopus 로고
    • Economic Deprivation and Early Childhood Development
    • Duncan, Greg, Jeanne Brooks-Gunn, and Pamela Klebanov. 1994. "Economic Deprivation and Early Childhood Development." Child Development 65(2): 296-318.
    • (1994) Child Development , vol.65 , Issue.2 , pp. 296-318
    • Duncan, G.1    Brooks-Gunn, J.2    Klebanov, P.3
  • 28
    • 0036138178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How Universal Are Social Influences to Drink and Problem Behaviors for Alcohol Use? A Test Comparing Urban African-American and Caribbean-American Adolescents
    • Epstein, Jennifer, Christopher Williams, and Gilbert J. Botvin. 2002. "How Universal Are Social Influences to Drink and Problem Behaviors for Alcohol Use? A Test Comparing Urban African-American and Caribbean-American Adolescents." Addictive Behaviors 27(1): 75-86.
    • (2002) Addictive Behaviors , vol.27 , Issue.1 , pp. 75-86
    • Epstein, J.1    Williams, C.2    Botvin, G.J.3
  • 31
    • 0034413745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial/ Ethnic Identity, Congruence with the Social Context, and the Transition to High School
    • French, Sabine Elizabeth, Edward Seidman, LaRue Allen, and J. Lawrence Aber. 2000. "Racial/ Ethnic Identity, Congruence with the Social Context, and the Transition to High School." Journal of Adolescent Research 15: 587-602.
    • (2000) Journal of Adolescent Research , vol.15 , pp. 587-602
    • French, S.E.1    Seidman, E.2    Allen, L.3    Lawrence Aber, J.4
  • 32
    • 43849102727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neighborhoods and Schools: Contexts and Consequences for the Mental Health and Risk Behaviors of Children and Youth
    • 2nd ed., edited by L. Balter and C. Tamis- LeMonda. New York: Psychology Press/Taylor & Francis
    • Gershoff, Elizabeth T., and J. Lawrence Aber. 2005. "Neighborhoods and Schools: Contexts and Consequences for the Mental Health and Risk Behaviors of Children and Youth." In Child Psychology: A Handbook of Contemporary Issues, 2nd ed., edited by L. Balter and C. Tamis- LeMonda. New York: Psychology Press/Taylor & Francis.
    • (2005) Child Psychology: A Handbook of Contemporary Issues
    • Gershoff, E.T.1    Lawrence Aber, J.2
  • 34
    • 0034151469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do Birds of a Feather Flock Together? The Variable Bases for African American, Asian American, and European American Adolescents' Selection of Similar Friends
    • Hamm, Jill V. 2000. "Do Birds of a Feather Flock Together? The Variable Bases for African American, Asian American, and European American Adolescents' Selection of Similar Friends." Developmental Psychology 36(2): 209-19.
    • (2000) Developmental Psychology , vol.36 , Issue.2 , pp. 209-219
    • Hamm, J.V.1
  • 35
    • 84965751402 scopus 로고
    • Eurocentrism Strikes in Strange Ways and in Unusual Places
    • Helms, Janet E. 1989. "Eurocentrism Strikes in Strange Ways and in Unusual Places." The Counseling Psychologist 17(4): 643-47.
    • (1989) The Counseling Psychologist , vol.17 , Issue.4 , pp. 643-647
    • Helms, J.E.1
  • 36
    • 85004788547 scopus 로고
    • Intragroup Identification and Intergroup Differentiation: A Multicomponent Approach
    • Hinkle, Steve, Laurie A. Taylor, and D. Lee Fox-Cardamone. 1989. "Intragroup Identification and Intergroup Differentiation: A Multicomponent Approach." British Journal of Social Psychology 28(4): 305-17.
    • (1989) British Journal of Social Psychology , vol.28 , Issue.4 , pp. 305-317
    • Hinkle, S.1    Taylor, L.A.2    Lee Fox-Cardamone, D.3
  • 37
    • 84925905887 scopus 로고
    • Racial Inequality and Self-Image: Identity Maintenance as Identity Diffusion
    • Hunt, Janet G., and Larry L. Hunt. 1977. "Racial Inequality and Self-Image: Identity Maintenance as Identity Diffusion." Sociology and Social Research 61:539-59.
    • (1977) Sociology and Social Research , vol.61 , pp. 539-559
    • Hunt, J.G.1    Hunt, L.L.2
  • 38
    • 0002006075 scopus 로고
    • The Social Consequences of Growing Up in a Poor Neighborhood
    • edited by Lawrence Lynn Jr. and Michael McGeary. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press
    • Jencks, Christopher, and Susan Mayer. 1990. "The Social Consequences of Growing Up in a Poor Neighborhood." In Inner-City Poverty in the United States, edited by Lawrence Lynn Jr. and Michael McGeary. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.
    • (1990) Inner-City Poverty in the United States
    • Jencks, C.1    Mayer, S.2
  • 39
    • 0043166813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnic Self-Awareness as a Function of Ethnic Group Status, Group Composition, and Ethnic Identity Orientation
    • Kimju, Greg M., and Ramsay Liem. 2003. "Ethnic Self-Awareness as a Function of Ethnic Group Status, Group Composition, and Ethnic Identity Orientation." Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology 9(3): 289-302.
    • (2003) Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 289-302
    • Kimju, G.M.1    Liem, R.2
  • 40
    • 0031313488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levels of Ethnic Self-Identification and Social Context
    • Kinket, Barbara, and Maykel Verkuyten. 1997. "Levels of Ethnic Self-Identification and Social Context." Social Psychology Quarterly 60(4): 338-54.
    • (1997) Social Psychology Quarterly , vol.60 , Issue.4 , pp. 338-354
    • Kinket, B.1    Verkuyten, M.2
  • 41
    • 0034150253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Neighborhoods They Live
    • The Effects of Neighborhood Residence on Child and Adolescent Outcomes
    • Leventhal, Tama, and Jeanne Brooks-Gunn. 2000. "The Neighborhoods They Live In: The Effects of Neighborhood Residence on Child and Adolescent Outcomes." Psychological Bulletin 126(2): 309-37.
    • (2000) Psychological Bulletin , vol.126 , Issue.2 , pp. 309-337
    • Leventhal, T.1    Brooks-Gunn, J.2
  • 42
    • 0013908245 scopus 로고
    • Development and Validation of Ego-Identity Status
    • Marcia, James E. 1966. "Development and Validation of Ego-Identity Status." Journal ofPersonality and Social Psychology 3(5): 551-58.
    • (1966) Journal ofPersonality and Social Psychology , vol.3 , Issue.5 , pp. 551-558
    • Marcia, J.E.1
  • 43
    • 0031316982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Effects of Ethnic Identity, Ethnicity, and Gender on Adolescent Well-Being
    • Martinez, Ruben O., and Richard L. Dukes. 1997. "The Effects of Ethnic Identity, Ethnicity, and Gender on Adolescent Well-Being." Journal of Youth and Adolescence 26(5): 503-16.
    • (1997) Journal of Youth and Adolescence , vol.26 , Issue.5 , pp. 503-516
    • Martinez, R.O.1    Dukes, R.L.2
  • 45
    • 0038598732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting Problem Behavior and Self-Esteem Among African American Adolescents
    • McCreary, Micah L., Lesley A. Slavin, and Eloise J. Berry. 1996. "Predicting Problem Behavior and Self-Esteem Among African American Adolescents." Journal of Adolescent Research 11(2): 216-34.
    • (1996) Journal of Adolescent Research , vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp. 216-234
    • McCreary, M.L.1    Slavin, L.A.2    Berry, E.J.3
  • 46
    • 0017966274 scopus 로고
    • Salience of Ethnicity in the Spontaneous Self-Concept as a Function of One's Ethnic Distinctiveness in the Social Environment
    • McGuire, William J., Claire V. McGuire, Pamela Child, and Terry Fujioka. 1978. "Salience of Ethnicity in the Spontaneous Self-Concept as a Function of One's Ethnic Distinctiveness in the Social Environment." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 36(5): 511-20.
    • (1978) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.36 , Issue.5 , pp. 511-520
    • McGuire, W.J.1    McGuire, C.V.2    Child, P.3    Fujioka, T.4
  • 47
    • 0004390911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Promoting Resilience in Urban African American Adolescents: Racial Socialization and Identity as Protective Factors
    • Miller, David B., and Randall MacIntosh. 1999. "Promoting Resilience in Urban African American Adolescents: Racial Socialization and Identity as Protective Factors." Social Work Research 23(3): 159-69.
    • (1999) Social Work Research , vol.23 , Issue.3 , pp. 159-169
    • Miller, D.B.1    MacIntosh, R.2
  • 48
    • 0002200386 scopus 로고
    • Gender, Race, and Ethnicity: The Sequencing of Social Constancies
    • edited by Martha E. Bernal and George P. Knight. Albany: State University of New York Press
    • Ocampo, Katheryn A., Martha E. Bernal, and George P. Knight. 1993. "Gender, Race, and Ethnicity: The Sequencing of Social Constancies." In Ethnic identity: Formation and Transmission Among Hispanics and Other Minorities, edited by Martha E. Bernal and George P. Knight. Albany: State University of New York Press.
    • (1993) Ethnic identity: Formation and Transmission Among Hispanics and Other Minorities
    • Ocampo, K.A.1    Bernal, M.E.2    Knight, G.P.3
  • 49
    • 84965761323 scopus 로고
    • Cycles of Psychological Nigrescence
    • Parham, Thomas A. 1989. "Cycles of Psychological Nigrescence." The Counseling Psychologist 17(2): 187-226.
    • (1989) The Counseling Psychologist , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 187-226
    • Parham, T.A.1
  • 50
    • 84935504530 scopus 로고
    • Stages of Ethnic Development in Minority Group Adolescents
    • Phinney, Jean S. 1989. "Stages of Ethnic Development in Minority Group Adolescents." Journal of Early Adolescence 9(1): 34-49.
    • (1989) Journal of Early Adolescence , vol.9 , Issue.1 , pp. 34-49
    • Phinney, J.S.1
  • 51
    • 0025516399 scopus 로고
    • Ethnic Identity in Adolescents and Adults: Review of Research
    • Phinney, Jean S. 1990. "Ethnic Identity in Adolescents and Adults: Review of Research." Psychological Bulletin 108(3): 499-514.
    • (1990) Psychological Bulletin , vol.108 , Issue.3 , pp. 499-514
    • Phinney, J.S.1
  • 52
    • 84965520988 scopus 로고
    • The Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure: A New Scale for Use with Diverse Groups
    • Phinney, Jean S. 1992. "The Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure: A New Scale for Use with Diverse Groups." Journal of Adolescent Research 7(2): 156-76.
    • (1992) Journal of Adolescent Research , vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp. 156-176
    • Phinney, J.S.1
  • 53
    • 0013631794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When We Talk About American Ethnic Groups, What Do We Mean
    • Phinney, Jean S. 1996. "When We Talk About American Ethnic Groups, What Do We Mean?" American Psychologist 51(9): 918-27.
    • (1996) American Psychologist , vol.51 , Issue.9 , pp. 918-927
    • Phinney, J.S.1
  • 54
    • 0031475908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnic and American Identity as Predictors of Self-Esteem Among African American, Latino, and White Adolescents
    • Phinney, Jean S., Cindy Lou Cantu, and Dawn A. Kurtz. 1997. "Ethnic and American Identity as Predictors of Self-Esteem Among African American, Latino, and White Adolescents." Journal of Youth and Adolescence 26(2): 165-85.
    • (1997) Journal of Youth and Adolescence , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 165-185
    • Phinney, J.S.1    Cantu, C.L.2    Kurtz, D.A.3
  • 55
    • 0002552249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnic and Racial Identity Development and Mental Health
    • edited by John Schulenberg, Jennifer L. Maggs, and Klaus Hurrelmann. New York: Cambridge University Press
    • Phinney, Jean S., and Eric L. Kohatsu. 1997. "Ethnic and Racial Identity Development and Mental Health." In Health Risks and Developmental Transitions During Adolescence, edited by John Schulenberg, Jennifer L. Maggs, and Klaus Hurrelmann. New York: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1997) Health Risks and Developmental Transitions During Adolescence
    • Phinney, J.S.1    Kohatsu, E.L.2
  • 56
    • 0003137688 scopus 로고
    • Person Perception, Self-Identity, and Ethnic Group Preference in Anglo, Black, and Chicano Preschool and Third-Grade Children
    • Rice, Audreys S., Rene A. Ruiz, and Amado M. Padilla. 1974. "Person Perception, Self-Identity, and Ethnic Group Preference in Anglo, Black, and Chicano Preschool and Third-Grade Children." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 5(1): 100-8.
    • (1974) Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 100-108
    • Rice, A.S.1    Ruiz, R.A.2    Padilla, A.M.3
  • 61
    • 0031497755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnic Identity as a Moderator of Psychosocial Risk and Adolescent Alcohol and Marijuana Use: Concurrent and Longitudinal Analyses
    • Scheier, Lawrence M., Gilbert J. Botvin, Tracy Diaz, and Michelle Ifill-Williams. 1997. "Ethnic Identity as a Moderator of Psychosocial Risk and Adolescent Alcohol and Marijuana Use: Concurrent and Longitudinal Analyses." Journal of Child and Adolescent Substance Abuse 6(1): 21-47.
    • (1997) Journal of Child and Adolescent Substance Abuse , vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp. 21-47
    • Scheier, L.M.1    Botvin, G.J.2    Diaz, T.3    Ifill-Williams, M.4
  • 62
    • 0026145630 scopus 로고
    • Growing Up the Hard Way: Pathways of Urban Adolescents
    • Seidman, Edward. 1991. "Growing Up the Hard Way: Pathways of Urban Adolescents." American Journal of Community Psychology 19(2): 173-205.
    • (1991) American Journal of Community Psychology , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 173-205
    • Seidman, E.1
  • 64
    • 0002200721 scopus 로고
    • The Development of Racial Evaluation and Preference: A Cognitive Approach
    • Semaj, Leahcim. 1980. "The Development of Racial Evaluation and Preference: A Cognitive Approach." Journal of Black Psychology 6(1): 59-79.
    • (1980) Journal of Black Psychology , vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp. 59-79
    • Semaj, L.1
  • 65
    • 84990316968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Situational Stability and Variability in African American Racial Identity
    • Shelton, J. Nicole, and Robert M. Sellers. 2000. "Situational Stability and Variability in African American Racial Identity." Journal of Black Psychology 26(1): 27-50.
    • (2000) Journal of Black Psychology , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 27-50
    • Shelton, J.N.1    Sellers, R.M.2
  • 66
    • 0011455238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward the Development of an Ethnic Identity Measure for African American Youth
    • Smith, Emilie Phillips, and Craig C. Brookins. 1997. "Toward the Development of an Ethnic Identity Measure for African American Youth." Journal of Black Psychology 23(4): 358-77.
    • (1997) Journal of Black Psychology , vol.23 , Issue.4 , pp. 358-377
    • Smith, E.P.1    Brookins, C.C.2
  • 68
    • 85004899696 scopus 로고
    • Identity Processes Among Racial and Ethnic Minority Children in America
    • Spencer, Margaret B., and Carol Markstrom-Adams. 1990. "Identity Processes Among Racial and Ethnic Minority Children in America." Child Development 61(2): 290-310.
    • (1990) Child Development , vol.61 , Issue.2 , pp. 290-310
    • Spencer, M.B.1    Markstrom-Adams, C.2
  • 69
    • 0029411777 scopus 로고
    • Stereotype Threat and the Intellectual Test Performance of African Americans
    • Steele, Claude M., and Joshua Aronson. 1995. "Stereotype Threat and the Intellectual Test Performance of African Americans." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 69(5): 797-811.
    • (1995) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.69 , Issue.5 , pp. 797-811
    • Steele, C.M.1    Aronson, J.2
  • 70
    • 0001307288 scopus 로고
    • The Impact of Employment on Adolescent Development
    • edited by Ross Vasta. London: Jessica Kingsley
    • Steinberg, Lawrence, and Elizabeth Cauffman. 1995. "The Impact of Employment on Adolescent Development." In Annals of Child Development: A Research Annual, edited by Ross Vasta. Volume 11. London: Jessica Kingsley.
    • (1995) Annals of Child Development: A Research Annual , vol.11
    • Steinberg, L.1    Cauffman, E.2
  • 72
    • 0001868677 scopus 로고
    • The Social Identity Theory of Inter-Group Behavior
    • edited by Stephan Worchel and William G. Austin. Chicago: Nelson-Hall
    • Tajfel, Henry, and John C. Turner. 1986. "The Social Identity Theory of Inter-Group Behavior." In Psychology of Intergroup Relations, edited by Stephan Worchel and William G. Austin. Chicago: Nelson-Hall.
    • (1986) Psychology of Intergroup Relations
    • Tajfel, H.1    Turner, J.C.2
  • 73
    • 0010961369 scopus 로고
    • Different Strokes for Different Folks
    • September
    • Thomas, Charles. 1970. "Different Strokes for Different Folks." Psychology Today 4(September): 48-53.
    • (1970) Psychology Today , vol.4 , pp. 48-53
    • Thomas, C.1
  • 76
    • 85024388702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (accessed October 13)
    • United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). 2002. "At a Glance: United States of America." Available at: http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/usa.html (accessed October 13, 2004).
    • (2002) At a Glance: United States of America
  • 80
    • 0003131593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Intersection of Gender, Race, and Ethnicity in Identity Development of Caribbean American Teens
    • edited by Bonnie J. Ross Leadbeater and Niobe Way. New York: New York University Press
    • Waters, Mary C. 1996. "The Intersection of Gender, Race, and Ethnicity in Identity Development of Caribbean American Teens." In Urban Girls: Resisting Stereotypes, Creating Identities, edited by Bonnie J. Ross Leadbeater and Niobe Way. New York: New York University Press.
    • (1996) Urban Girls: Resisting Stereotypes, Creating Identities
    • Waters, M.C.1
  • 82
    • 0000059401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Assessment of Ethnic Identity in a Diverse Urban Youth Population
    • Yancey, Antronette K., Carol S. Aneshensel, and Anne K. Driscoll, 2001. "The Assessment of Ethnic Identity in a Diverse Urban Youth Population." Journal of Black Psychology 27(2): 190-208.
    • (2001) Journal of Black Psychology , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 190-208
    • Yancey, A.K.1    Aneshensel, C.S.2    Driscoll, A.K.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.