Seasonal differences in biochemical adaptation to fasting in juvenile and subadult steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus)

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

Volumn 82, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 236-247

  Rea, Lorrie D ^a,b,c   Berman Kowalewski, Michelle ^c   Rosen, David A S ^d   Trites, Andrew W ^d  

^a ALASKA FISHERIES SCIENCE CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA FAIRBANKS   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; AGE; BIOCHEMISTRY; BREEDING SEASON; CATABOLISM; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); FASTING; JUVENILE; METABOLISM; METABOLITE; PINNIPED; PLASMA; SEASONAL VARIATION;

ANIMALIA; EUMETOPIAS JUBATUS; OTARIIDAE;

ADAPTATION; AGING; ANIMAL; ARTICLE; DIET RESTRICTION; ENERGY METABOLISM; FEMALE; MALE; PHYSIOLOGY; SEAL; SEASON; TIME;

ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL; AGING; ANIMALS; ENERGY METABOLISM; FASTING; FEMALE; MALE; SEA LIONS; SEASONS; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 67149086774     PISSN: 15222152     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/597528     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Adams S.H. and D.P. Costa. 1993. Water conservation and protein metabolism in northern elephant seal pups during the post-weaning fast. J Comp Physiol B 163:367-373.
2. Ahlquist D.A., R.A. Nelson, D.L. Steiger, J.D. Jones, and R.D. Ellefson. 1984. Glycerol metabolism in the hibernating black bear. J Comp Physiol B 155:75-79.
3. Anonymous. 1989. How ketones spare protein in starvation. Nutr Rev 47:80-81.
4. Arnould J.P.Y., J.A. Green, and D.R. Rawlins. 2001. Fasting metabolism in Antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella) pups. Comp Biochem Physiol A 129:829-841.
5. Atkinson S.N., R.A. Nelson, and M.A. Ramsay. 1996. Changes in the body composition of fasting polar bears (Ursus maritimus): the effect of relative fatness on protein conservation. Physiol Zool 69:304-316.
6. Baker J.D., C.W. Fowler, and G.A. Antonelis. 1994. Body weight and growth of juvenile male northern fur seals Callorhinus ursinus. Mar Mamm Sci 10:151-162.
7. Balasse E.O. and F. Fery. 1989. Ketone body production and disposal: effects of fasting, diabetes and exercise. Diabetes Metab Rev 5:247-270.
8. Boyd I.L. and C.D. Duck. 1991. Mass changes and metabolism in territorial male Antarctic fur seals ( Arctocephalus gazella). Physiol Zool 64:375-392.
9. Bruss M.L. 1989. Ketogenesis and ketosis. Pp. 86-105 in J.J. Kaneko, ed. Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals. 4th ed. Academic Press, New York.
10. Carlini A.R., M.E.I. Marquez, S. Ramdohr, H. Bornemann, H.O. Panarello, and G.A. Daneri. 2001. Postweaning duration and body composition changes in southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina) pups at King George Island. Physiol Biochem Zool 74:531-540.
11. Castellini M.A. and D.P. Costa. 1990. Relationships between plasma ketones and fasting duration in neonatal elephant seals. Am J Physiol 259:R1086-R1089.
12. Castellini M.A., D.P. Costa, and A.C. Huntley. 1987. Fatty acid metabolism in fasting northern elephant seal pups. J Comp Physiol B 157:445-449.
13. Castellini M.A., R.W. Davis, T.R. Loughlin, and T.M. Williams. 1993. Blood chemistries and body condition of Steller sea lion pups at Marmot Island, Alaska. Mar Mamm Sci 9:202-208.
14. Castellini M.A. and L.D. Rea. 1992. The biochemistry of natural fasting at its limits. Experientia 48:575-582.
15. Cherel Y., F. Freby, J. Gilles, and J.P. Robin. 1993. Comparative fuel metabolism in gentoo and king penguins: adaptation to brief versus prolonged fasting. Polar Biol 13:263-269.
16. Cherel Y., J.-P. Robin, A. Heitz, C. Calgari, and Y. Le Maho. 1992. Relationships between lipid availability and protein utilization during prolonged fasting. J Comp Physiol 162: 305-313.
17. Christen D., C. Porter, and C. Wright. 1999. The use of ice as a reinforcer to maintain behavioral control of Steller sea lions ( Eumetopias jubatus) during a fasting experiment. Soundings 25:20-23.
18. Costa D.P. and C.L. Ortiz. 1982. Blood chemistry homeostasis during prolonged fasting in the northern elephant seal. Am J Physiol 242:R591-R595.
19. Crocker D.E., P.M. Webb, D.P. Costa, and B.J. Le Boeuf. 1998. Protein catabolism and renal function in lactating northern elephant seals. Physiol Zool 71:485-491.
20. Groscolas R. 1986. Changes in body mass, body temperature and plasma fuel levels during the natural breeding fasting in male and female emperor penguins Aptenodytes forsteri.J Comp Physiol B 156:521-527.
21. -----1990. Metabolic adaptations to fasting in emperor and king penguins. Pp. 269-296 in L.S. Davis and J.T. Darby, eds. Penguin Biology. Academic Press, New York.
22. Higgins L.V., D.P. Costa, A.C. Huntley, and B.J. Le Boeuf. 1988. Behavioral and physiological measurements of maternal investment in the Steller sea lion, Eumetopias jubatus.Mar Mamm Sci 4:44-58.
23. Kumagai S. 2004. Seasonal Differences in Physiology of Captive Steller Sea Lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in Response to Short- Term Low Energy Intake. MSc thesis. University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
24. Le Maho Y., J.-P. Robin, and Y. Cherel. 1988. Starvation as a treatment for obesity: the need to conserve body protein. News Physiol Sci 3:21-24.
25. Le Ninan F., Y. Cherel, J.-P. Robin, L. Leloup, and Y. Le Maho. 1988. Early changes in plasma hormones and metabolites during fasting in king penguin chicks. J Comp Physiol B 158: 395-401.
26. Lindgard K., K.A. Stokkan, Y. Le Maho, and R. Groscolas. 1992. Protein utilization during starvation in fat and lean Svalbard ptarmigan ( Lagopus mutus hyperboreus). J Comp Physiol B 162:607-613.
27. Milette L.L. and A.W. Trites. 2003. Maternal attendance patterns of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) from a stable and a declining population in Alaska. Can J Zool 81:340-348.
28. Nelson R.A. 1980. Protein and fat metabolism in hibernating bears. Fed Proc 39:2955-2958.
29. Nelson R.A., J.D. Jones, H.W. Wahner, D.B. McGill, and C.F. Code. 1975. Nitrogen metabolism in bears: urea metabolism in summer starvation and in winter sleep and role ofurinary bladder in water and nitrogen conservation. Mayo Clin Proc 50:141-146.
30. Nordøy E.S., A. Aakvaag, and T.S. Larsen. 1993. Metabolic adaptations to fasting in harp seal pups. Physiol Zool 66:926-945.
31. Nordøy E.S. and A.S. Blix. 1991. Glucose and ketone body turnover in fasting grey seal pups. Acta Physiol Scand 4:565-571.
32. Nordøy E.S., O.C. Ingebretsen, and A.S. Blix. 1990. Depressed metabolism and low protein catabolism in fasting grey seal pups. Acta Physiol Scand 139:361-369.
33. Noren D.P., D.E. Crocker, D.P. Costa, and T.M. Williams. 2003. Energy reserve utilization in northern elephant seal (Mir- ounga angustirostris) pups during the postweaning fast: size does matter. J Comp Physiol B 173:443-454.
34. Ortiz C.L., D.P. Costa, and B.J. Le Boeuf. 1978. Water and energy flux in elephant seal pups fasting under natural conditions. Physiol Zool 51:166-178.
35. Pendleton G.W., K.W. Pitcher, and L.A. Jemison. 2006. Mark- resight estimates of age-specific weaning probabilities for juvenile Steller sea lions. 13th Annual Conference for the Wildlife Society in Anchorage, AK, September 23-27.
36. Prewitt J.S., J.M. Burns, C.A. Clark, J.F. Schreer, and M.O. Hammill. 2006. Development of muscle biochemistry in harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) pups: limitations to diving behavior? 13th Annual Conference for the Wildlife Society in Anchorage, AK, September 23-27.
37. Rea L.D. 1995. Prolonged Fasting in Pinnipeds. PhD diss. University of Alaska, Fairbanks.
38. Rea L.D., M.A. Castellini, B.S. Fadely, and T.R. Loughlin. 1998. Health status of young Alaska Steller sea lion pups (Eume- topias jubatus) as indicated by blood chemistry and hema- tology. Comp Biochem Physiol A 120:617-623.
39. Rea L.D. and D.P. Costa. 1992. Changes in standard metabolism during long-term fasting in northern elephant seal pups (Mirounga angustirostris). Physiol Zool 65:97-111.
40. Rea L.D., D.A.S. Rosen, and A.W. Trites. 2000. Metabolic response to fasting in 6 week old Steller sea lion pups. Can J Zool 78:890-894.
41. -----2007. Utilization of stored energy reserves during fasting varies by age and season in Steller sea lions. Can J Zool 85:190-200.
42. Richmond J.P., J.M. Burns, and L.D. Rea. 2002. Biochemistry of Steller sea lion muscle as it relates to development of dive physiology. The Power of Comparative Physiology: Evolution, Integration, and Applied. San Diego, CA, August 24-28.
43. Rivera P.M., L.D. Rea, J.P. Richmond, and V.K. Stegall. 2006. Nutritional indices of young Steller sea lions in Alaska. 13th Annual Conference for the Wildlife Society in Anchorage, AK, September 23-27.
44. Robin J.P., M. Frain, C. Sardet, R. Groscolas, and Y. Le Maho. 1988. Protein and lipid utilization during long-term fasting in emperor penguins. Am J Physiol 254:R61-R68.
45. Rosen D.A.S. and A.W. Trites. 2002. Changes in metabolism in response to fasting and food restriction in the Steller sea lion ( Eumetopius jubatus). Comp Biochem Physiol B 132:389-399.
46. -----2005. Examining the potential for nutritional stress in
47. Steller sea lions: physiological effects of prey composition. J Comp Physiol B 175:265-273.
48. Trites A.W. and B.T. Porter. 2002. Attendance patterns of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) and their young during winter. J Zool (Lond) 256:547-556.
49. Williams J.D. 1995. Fasting and Lactation in Northern Elephant Seals (Mirounga angustirostris): Reconciling Conflicting Energetic and Nutritional Demands. PhD diss. University of California, Santa Cruz.
50. Wolkers J., T. Wensing, G.W.T.A. Groot Bruinderink, and A.T. Schonewille. 1993. Nutritional status of wild boar (Sus scrofa). II. Body fat reserves in relation to haematology and blood chemistry. Comp Biochem Physiol A 105:539-542.
51. Worthy G.A.J. and D.M. Lavigne. 1987. Mass loss, metabolic rate, and energy utilization by harp and gray seal pups during the postweaning fast. Physiol Zool 60:352-364.