Predictors of outcome following acquired brain injury in children

Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews

Volumn 15, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 124-132

  Johnson, Abigail R ^a   DeMatt, Ellen ^a   Salorio, Cynthia F ^a  

^a KENNEDY KRIEGER INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Acquired brain injury; Children; Outcome; Pediatric; Predictors

Indexed keywords

ACQUIRED BRAIN INJURY; ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA; ADOLESCENT; BRAIN ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATION; BRAIN HYPOXIA; BRAIN INJURY; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; BRAIN TUMOR; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INFECTION; CHILD; CHILD DEVELOPMENT; CHILDHOOD INJURY; CHILDHOOD LEUKEMIA; COGNITIVE DEFECT; DISABILITY; DISEASE SEVERITY; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM; EPILEPSY; GENETIC DISORDER; GLASGOW COMA SCALE; HUMAN; INJURY SCALE; INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF FUNCTIONING, DISABILITY AND HEALTH; METABOLIC DISORDER; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; ONSET AGE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SICKLE CELL ANEMIA; STROKE; TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY; VIRUS ENCEPHALITIS; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION;

EID: 67049137565     PISSN: 19405510     EISSN: 10982779     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ddrr.63     Document Type: Review

References (99)

1. Aarsen FK, Paquier PF, Reddingius RE, et al. 2006. Functional outcome after low-grade astrocytoma treatment in childhood. Cancer 106:396-402. (Pubitemid 43100450)
2. Abend NS, Licht DJ. 2008. Predicting outcome in children with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Pediatr Crit Care Med 9:32-39. (Pubitemid 351972417)
3. Anderson VA, Catroppa C, Dudgeon P, et al. 2006. Understanding predictors of functional recovery and outcome 30 months following early childhood head injury. Neuropsychology 20:42-57. (Pubitemid 43295235)
4. Anderson VA, Godber T, Smibert E, et al. 2000. Cognitive and academic outcome following cranial irradiation and chemotherapy in children: a longitudinal study. Br J Cancer 82:255-262. (Pubitemid 30045367)
5. Anlar B, Basaran C, Kose G, et al. 2003. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children: outcome and prognosis. Neuropediatrics 34:194-199. (Pubitemid 37152789)
6. Biggart MJ, Bohn DJ. 1990. Effect of hypothermia and cardiac arrest on outcome of near-drowning accidents in children. J Pediatr 117:179-183. (Pubitemid 20238526)
7. Bohn DJ, Biggar WD, Smith CR, et al. 1986. Influence of hypothermia, barbiturate therapy, and intracranial pressure monitoring on morbidity and mortality after near-drowning. Crit Care Med 14:529-534. (Pubitemid 16085529)
8. Bolte RG, Black PG, Bowers RS, et al. 1988. The use of extracorporeal rewarming in a child submerged for 66 minutes. JAMA 260:377-379. (Pubitemid 18163759)
9. Brenner T, Freier MC, Holshouser BA, et al. 2003. Predicting neuropsychologic outcome after traumatic brain injury in children. Pediatr Neurol 28:104-114. (Pubitemid 36434155)
10. Butler RW, Haser JK. 2006. Neurocognitive effects of treatment for childhood cancer. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev 12:184-191. (Pubitemid 44646327)
11. Campbell CGN, Kuehn SM, Richards PMP, et al. 2004. Medical and cognitive outcome in children with traumatic brain injury. Can J Neurol Sci 31:213-219. (Pubitemid 38724814)
12. Carey ME, Hockenberry MJ, Moore IM, et al. 2007. Brief Report: effect of intravenous methotrexate dose and infusion rate on neuropsychological function one year after diagnosis of acute lynphoblastic leukemia. J Pediatr Psychol 32:189-193. (Pubitemid 46254620)
13. Carlson-Green B, Morris RD, Krawiecki N. 1995. Family and illness predictors of outcome in pediatric brain tumors. J Pediatr Psychol 20:769-784. (Pubitemid 26001821)
14. Catroppa C, Anderson VA, Morse SA, et al. 2008. Outcome and predictors of functional recovery 5 years following pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). J Pediatr Psychol 7:707-718. (Pubitemid 351957523)
15. Chadwick O, Rutter M, Brown G, et al. 1981. A prospective study of children with head injuries. II. Cognitive sequelae. Psychol Med 11:49-61.
16. Chapman SB, Max JE, Gamino JF, et al. 2003. Discourse plasticity in children after stroke: age at injury and lesion effects. Pediatr Neurol 29:34-41. (Pubitemid 37117174)
17. Chiaretti A, Antonelli A, Genovese O, et al. 2008. Nerve growth factor and doublecortin expression correlates with improved outcome in children with severe traumatic brain injury. J Trauma 65:80-85.
18. Chung CY, Chen CL, Cheng PT, et al. 2006. Critical score of Glasgow Coma Scale for pediatric traumatic brain injury. Pediatr Neurol 34:379-387.
19. Cole PD, Kamen BA. 2006. Delayed neurotoxicity associated with therapy for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev 12:174-183. (Pubitemid 44646326)
20. Den Boer ML, van Slegtenhorst M, De Menezes RX, et al. 2009. A subtype of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia with poor treatment outcome: a genome-wide classification study. Lancet Oncol 10:101-103.
21. Di Stefano G, Bachevalier J, Levin HS, et al. 2000. Volume of focal brain lesions and hippocampal formation in relation to memory function after closed head injury in children. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychol 69:210-216. (Pubitemid 30466026)
22. Doxey D, Bruce D, Skylar F, et al. 1999. Posterior fossa syndrome: identifiable risk factors and irreversible complications. Pediatr Neurosurg 31:131-136. (Pubitemid 30013990)
23. Ducrocq SC, Meyer PG, Orliaguet GA, et al. 2006. Epidemiology and early predictive factors of mortality and outcome in children with traumatic severe brain injury: experience of a French pediatric trauma center. Pediatr Crit Care Med 7:461-467. (Pubitemid 44386073)
24. Erecinska M, Thoresen M, Silver IA. 2003. Effects of hypothermia on energy metabolism in Mammalian central nervous system. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 23:513-530. (Pubitemid 36566128)
25. Ewing-Cobbs L, Levin HS, Fletcher JM, et al. 1990. The Children's Orientation and Amnesia Test: relationship to severity of acute head injury and to recovery of memory. Neurosurgery 27:683-691. (Pubitemid 20339219)
26. Freeman SS, Udomphorn Y, Armstead WM, et al. 2008. Young age as a risk factor for impaired cerebral autoregulation after moderate to severe pediatric traumatic brain injury. Anesthesiology 108:588-595.
27. Fritsch P, Gruber-Sedlmayr U, Pansi H, et al. 2008. Tick-borne encephalitis in Styrian children from 1981 to 2005: a retrospective study and a review of the literature. Acta Paediatr 97:535-538.
28. Fuemmeler BF, Elkin TD, Mullins LL. 2002. Survivors of childhood brain tumors: behavioral, emotional, and social adjustment. Clin Psychol Rev 22:547-585. (Pubitemid 34462893)
29. Galloway NR, Tong KA, Ashwal S, et al. 2008. Diffusion-weighted imaging improves outcome prediction in pediatric traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma 25:1153-1162.
30. Ganesan V, Hogan A, Shack N, et al. 2000. Outcome after ischaemic stroke in childhood. Dev Med Child Neurol 42:455-461. (Pubitemid 30427053)
31. Gerber NU, Zehnder D, Zuzak TJ, et al. 2008. Outcome in children with brain tumours diagnosed in the first year of life: long-term complications and quality of life. Arch Dis Child 93:582-589. (Pubitemid 352030081)
32. Gottardo NG, Gajjar A. 2008. Chemotherapy for malignant brain tumors of childhood. J Child Neurol 23:1149-1159.
33. Grados MA, Slomine BS, Gerring JP, et al. 2001. Depth of lesion model in children and adolescents with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: use of SPGR MRI to predict severity and outcome. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 70:350-358. (Pubitemid 32250892)
34. Grados MA, Vasa RA, Riddle MA, et al. 2008. New onset obsessive-compulsive symptoms in children and adolescents with severe traumatic brain injury. Depress Anxiety 25:398-407. (Pubitemid 351758598)
35. Graf WD, Cummings P, Quan L, et al. 1995. Predicting outcome in pediatric submersion victims. Ann Emerg Med 26:312-319.
36. Gray RM, Salorio CF. 2009. Planning the assessment process. In: Mpofu E, Oakland T, editors. Assessment in rehabilitation and health. Saddle River: Prentice Hall. p 59-71.
37. Groswasser Z, Cohen M, Costeff H. 1989. Rehabilitation outcome after anoxic brain damage. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 70:186-188. (Pubitemid 19090646)
38. Habib DM, Tecklenburg FW, Webb SA, et al. 1996. Prediction of childhood drowning and near-drowning morbidity and mortality. Pediatr Emerg Care 12:255-258. (Pubitemid 26334107)
39. Heindl UT, Laub MC. 1996. Outcome of persistent vegetative state following hypoxic or traumatic brain injury in children and adolescents. Neuropediatrics 27:94-100. (Pubitemid 26159377)
40. Hladky JP, Lejeune JP, Blond S, et al. 1994. Cerebral arteriovenous malformations in children: report on 62 cases. Childs Nerv Syst 10:328-333. (Pubitemid 24224912)
41. Holbrook TL, Hoyt DB, Coimbra R, et al. 2005. High rates of acute stress disorder impact quality-of-life outcomes in injured adolescents: mechanism and gender predict acute stress disorder risk. J Trauma 59:1126-1130. (Pubitemid 43060968)
42. Holmquist LA, Scott J. 2002. Treatment, age, and time-related predictors of behavioral outcome in pediatric brain tumor survivors. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 9:315-321. (Pubitemid 35378699)
43. Hooper L, Williams WH, Sarah EW, et al. 2007. Caregiver distress, coping and parenting styles in cases of childhood encephalitis. Neuropsychol Rehabil 17:621-637. (Pubitemid 47309359)
44. Hopkins RO, Haaland KY. 2004. Neuropsychological and neuropathological effects of anoxic or ischemic induced brain injury. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 10:957-961.
45. Hsieh WB, Chiu NC, Hu KC, et al. 2007. Outcome of simplex encephalitis in children. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 40:34-38. (Pubitemid 47047135)
46. Hurvitz EA, Beale L, Ried S, et al. 1999. Functional outcome of paediatric stroke survivors. Pediatr Rehabil 3:43-51. (Pubitemid 29398332)
47. Jaffe KM, Fay GC, Polissar NL, et al. 1993. Severity of pediatric traumatic brain injury and neurobehavioral recovery at one year-a cohort study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 6:587-595. (Pubitemid 23172760)
48. Jagannathan J, Okonkwo DO, Yeoh HK, et al. 2008. Long-term outcomes and prognostic factors in pediatric patients with severe traumatic brain injury and elevated intracranial pressure. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2:240-249.
49. Jennett B, Teasdale G. 1981. Management of head injuries, 6th ed. Philadelphia: EA Davis.
50. Kingma A, Van Dommelen RI, Mooyaart EL, et al. 2002. No major cognitive impairment in young children with acute lymphoblastic leuklemia using chemotherapy only: a prospective longitudinal study. J Pediatr Hem Onc 24:106-114.
51. Konczak J, Schoch B, Dimitrova A, et al. 2005. Functional recovery of children and adolescents after cerebellar tumour resection. Brain 128:1428-1441. (Pubitemid 40826195)
52. Kriel RL, Krach LE, Luxenberg MG, et al. 1994. Outcome of severe anoxic/ischemic brain injury in children. Pediatr Neurol 10:207-212. (Pubitemid 24158901)
53. Langlois JA, Rutland-Brown W, Wald MM. 2006. The epidemiology and impact of traumatic brain injury: a brief overview. J Head Trauma Rehabil 21:375-378. (Pubitemid 44413110)
54. Lanthier S, Carmant L, David M, et al. 2000. Stroke in children: the coexistence of multiple risk factors predicts poor outcome. Neurology 54:371-378. (Pubitemid 30078068)
55. Lee LK, Mao C, Thompson KM. 2006. Demographic factors and their association with outcomes in pediatric submersion injury. Acad Emerg Med 13:308-313. (Pubitemid 43303785)
56. Levin HS, Eisenberg HM, Wigg NR, et al. 1982. Memory and intellectual ability after head injury in children and adolescents. Neurosurgery 1:668-673. (Pubitemid 13205869)
57. Limond J, Leeke R. 2005. Practitioner review: cognitive rehabilitation for children with acquired brain injury. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 46:339-352. (Pubitemid 40514954)
58. Lynch JK, Han CJ. 2005. Pediatric stroke: what do we know and what do we need to know? Semin Neurol 25:410-423.
59. Mabbott DJ, Penkman L, Witol A, et al. 2008. Core neurocognitive functions in children treated for posterior fossa tumors. Neuropsychology 22:159-168. (Pubitemid 351626504)
60. Martin C, Falcone, RA. 2008. Pediatric traumatic brain injury: an update of research to understand and improve outcomes. Curr Opin Pediatr 20:294-299. (Pubitemid 351670533)
61. Mandel R, Martinot A, Delepoulle F, et al. 2002. Prediction of outcome after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: a prospective clinical and electrophysiologic study. J Pediatr 141:45-50. (Pubitemid 34774950)
62. Max JE, Manes FF, Robertson BA, et al. 2005. Prefrontal and executive attention network lesions and the development of attentiondeficit/hyperactivity symptomatology. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 44:443-450. (Pubitemid 40559692)
63. Max JE, Robin DA, Taylor HG, et al. 2004. Attention function after childhood stroke. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 10:976-986.
64. Meeske KA, Patel SK, Palmer SN, et al. 2007. Factors associated with health-related quality of life in pediatric cancer survivors. Pediatr Blood Cancer 49:298-305. (Pubitemid 47236220)
65. Mikaeloff Y, Caridade G, Husson B, et al. 2007. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis cohort study: prognostic factors for relapse. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 11:90-95. (Pubitemid 46313078)
66. Miller LJ, Donders J. 2003. Prediction of educational outcome after pediatric traumatic brain injury. Rehabil Psychol 48:237-241. (Pubitemid 37392698)
67. Miller ST, Sleeper LA, Pegelow CH, et al. 2000. Prediction of adverse outcomes in children with sickle cell disease. N Engl J Med 342:83-89. (Pubitemid 30036599)
68. Misra UK, Tan CT, Kalita J. 2008. Viral encephalitis and epilepsy. Epilepsia 49:13-18.
69. Mulhern RK, Merchant TE, Gajjar A, et al. 2004. Late neurocognitive sequelae in survivors of brain tumours in childhood. Lancet Oncol 5:399-408. (Pubitemid 38878043)
70. Pasqualin A, Barone G, Cioffi F, et al. 1991. The relevance of anatomic and hemodynamic factors to a classification of cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Neurosurgery 28:370-379.
71. Pentland LM, Anderson VA, Wrennall JA. 2000. The implications of childhood bacterial meningitis for language development. Child Neuropsychol 6:87-100. (Pubitemid 32009698)
72. Pierro MM, Bollea L, DiRosa G, et al. 2005. Anoxic brain injury following near-drowning in children. Rehabilitation outcome: three case reports. Brain Inj 19:1147-1155.
73. Ris MD, Beebe DW. 2008. Neurodevelopmental outcomes of children with low-grade gliomas. Dev Disabil Res Rev 14:196-202.
74. Roncadin C, Guger S, Archibald J, et al. 2004. Working memory after mild, moderate, or severe childhood closed head injury. Dev Neuropsychol 25:21-36. (Pubitemid 38294389)
75. Salorio CF, Slomine BS, Grados MA, et al. 2005. Neuroanatomic correlates of CVLT-C performance following pediatric traumatic brain injury. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 11:686-696. (Pubitemid 41631483)
76. Salorio CF, Slomine BS, Guerguerian AM, et al. 2008. Intensive care unit variables and outcome after pediatric traumatic brain injury: a retrospective study of survivors. Pediatr Crit Care Med 9:47-53.
77. Sanchez-Mejia RO, Chennupati SK, Gupta N, et al. 2006. Superior outcomes in children compared with adults after microsurgical resection of brain arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg 105:82-87. (Pubitemid 44954777)
78. Schalow G. 2006. Hypoxic brain injury improvement induced by coordination dynamics therapy; a comparison with normal CNS development. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol 46:171-183. (Pubitemid 44082588)
79. Schatz J, Brown RT, Pascual JM, et al. 2001. Poor school and cognitive functioning with silent cerebral infarcts and sickle cell disease. Neurology 56:1109-1111. (Pubitemid 32336325)
80. Schmolck H, Maritz E, Kletzin I, et al. 2005. Neurologic, neuropsychologic, and electro-encephalographic findings after European tick-borne encephalitis in children. J Child Neurol 20:500-508. (Pubitemid 41015245)
81. Schwartz L, Taylor HG, Drotar D, et al. 2003. Longterm behavior problems following pediatric traumatic brain injury: prevalence, predictors, and correlates. J Pediatr Psychol 28:251-263. (Pubitemid 36578667)
82. Solomon T, Dung NM, Kneen R, et al. 2002. Seizures and raised intracranial pressure in Vietnamese patients with Japanese encephalitis. Brain 125:1084-1093. (Pubitemid 34464619)
83. Souza LM, Braga LW, Filho GN, et al. 2007. Quality-of-life: child and parent perspectives following severe traumatic brain injury. Dev Neurorehabil 10:35-47. (Pubitemid 47555470)
84. Steinlin M, Imfeld S, Zulauf P, et al. 2003. Neuropsychological long-term sequelae after posterior fossa tumour resection during childhood. Brain 126:1998-2008. (Pubitemid 37059439)
85. Taylor HG, Yeates KO, Wade SL, et al. 2001. Bidirectional child-family influences on outcomes of traumatic brain injury in children. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 7:755-767. (Pubitemid 32936859)
86. Taylor LA, Reeves C, McCart MR, et al. 2007. A preliminary investigation of cognitive late effects and the impact of disease versus treatment among pediatric brain tumor patients. Children's Healthcare 36:373-384. (Pubitemid 350221260)
87. Tenembaum S, Chamoles N, Fejerman N. 2002. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a long term follow-up study of 84 pediatric patients. Neurology 59:1224-1231. (Pubitemid 35192393)
88. Tilford JM, Simpson PM, Yeh TS, et al. 2001. Variation in therapy and outcome for pediatric head trauma patients. Crit Care Med 29:1056-1061. (Pubitemid 32424363)
89. Tojo M, Nitta H. 2003. Clinico-etiological study of 116 children with acquired damage to the central nervous system during the last decade in Niigata Prefecture. No To Hattatsu 35:292-296. (Pubitemid 36834524)
90. Tomlin P, Clarke M, Robinson G, et al. 2002. Rehabilitation in severe head injury in children: outcome and provision of care. Dev Med Child Neurol 44:828-837. (Pubitemid 35363331)
91. Van Calenbergh F, Van de Laar A, Plets C, et al. 1995. Transient cerebellar mutism after posterior fossa surgery in children. Neurosurgery 37:894-898.
92. Vasa RA, Grados M, Slomine B, et al. 2004. Neuroimaging correlates of anxiety after pediatric traumatic brain injury. Biol Psychiatry 55:208-216. (Pubitemid 38117156)
93. Vavilala MA, Muangman S, Tontisirin N, et al. 2006. Impaired cerebral autoregulation and 6-month outcome in children with severe traumatic brain injury: preliminary findings. Dev Neurosci 28:348-353. (Pubitemid 44310501)
94. Wade SL, Taylor HG, Yeates KO, et al. 2006. Long-term parental and family adaptation following pediatric brain injury. J Pediatr Psychol 10:1072-1083. (Pubitemid 44729852)
95. Wechsler B, Kim H, Gallagher PR, et al. 2005. Functional status after childhood traumatic brain injury. J Trauma 58:940-949. (Pubitemid 40776896)
96. WHO. 2001. ICF - International Classification of functioning, disability and health. Geneva: World Health Organization.
97. Wingham KB, O'Toole K. 2007. Understanding the neuropsychologic outcome of pediatric AVM within a neurodevelopmental framework. Cognit Behav Neurol 20: 244-257. (Pubitemid 350307884)
98. Yeates KO, Swift E, Taylor HG, et al. 2004. Short- and long-term social outcomes following pediatric traumatic brain injury. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 10:412-426. (Pubitemid 38779813)
99. Ylvisaker M, Adelson PD, Braga LW, et al. 2005. Rehabilitation and ongoing support after pediatric TBI: twenty years of progress. J Head Trauma Rehabil 20:95-109. (Pubitemid 40250688)