The impact of glucose-lowering therapy on cardiovascular outcomes

Best Practice and Research: Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism

Volumn 23, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 401-411

  Standl, Eberhard ^a   Müller, Martin ^a   Schnell, Oliver ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF EPIDEMIOLOGY   (Germany)

Author keywords

blood glucose lowering; cardiovascular morbidity and mortality; diabetes; HbA1c; hypoglycaemia; weight gain

Indexed keywords

2,4 THIAZOLIDINEDIONE DERIVATIVE; ACARBOSE; ALPHA GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITOR; ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; BIGUANIDE DERIVATIVE; CANNABINOID 1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE IV INHIBITOR; GLIBENCLAMIDE; GLITAZONE DERIVATIVE; GLUCAGON LIKE PEPTIDE 1 DERIVATIVE; HEMOGLOBIN A1C; INCRETIN; INSULIN; METFORMIN; PIOGLITAZONE; SULFONYLUREA;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIARRHEA; DRUG EFFICACY; GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPOGLYCEMIA; MORTALITY; NAUSEA; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; RISK REDUCTION; SIDE EFFECT; WEIGHT GAIN;

AGED; BLOOD GLUCOSE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; HEMOGLOBIN A, GLYCOSYLATED; HUMANS; HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS; MIDDLE AGED; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 66449116077     PISSN: 1521690X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2009.03.010     Document Type: Review

References (42)

1. Graham I., Atar D., Borch-Johnsen K., et al. European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: full text. Fourth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and other societies on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts). European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation 14 Suppl. 2 (2007) S1-S113
2. Ryden L., Standl E., Bartnik M., et al. Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. The Task Force on Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Diab Stoffw Herz 16 Suppl. C (2007) C3-C74
3. Nathan D.M., Buse J.B., Davidson M.B., et al. Management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes: a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy. A consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetologia 49 (2006) 1711-1721
4. Nathan D.M., Buse J.B., Davidson M.B., et al. Medical management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy: a consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetologia 52 (2009) 17-30
5. Nathan D.M., Buse J.B., Davidson M.B., et al. Management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy. Update regarding the thiazolidinediones. Diabetologia 51 (2008) 8-11
6. Rodbard H.W., Blonde L., Braithwaite S.S., et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists medical guidelines for clinical practice for the management of diabetes mellitus. Endocrine Practice 13 Suppl. 1 (2007) 1-68
7. Standl E., and Schnell O. A new look at the heart in diabetes mellitus: from ailing to failing. Diabetologia 43 (2000) 1455-1469
8. Kahn S.E., Haffner S.M., Heise M.A., et al. Glycemic durability of rosiglitazone, metformin, or glyburide monotherapy. New England Journal of Medicine 355 (2006) 2427-2443
9. Patel A., MacMahon S., Chalmers J., et al. Intensive blood glucose control and vascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine 358 (2008) 2560-2572
10. Gaede P., Vedel P., Larsen N., et al. Multifactorial intervention and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine 348 (2003) 383-393
11. Gaede P., Lund-Andersen H., Parving H.H., et al. Effect of a multifactorial intervention on mortality in type 2 diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine 358 (2008) 580-591
12. Booth G.L., Kapral M.K., Fung K., et al. Relation between age and cardiovascular disease in men and women with diabetes compared with non-diabetic people: a population-based retrospective cohort study. Lancet 368 (2006) 29-36
13. Haffner S.M., Lehto S., Ronnemaa T., et al. Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes and in nondiabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction. New England Journal of Medicine 339 (1998) 229-234
14. Coutinho M., Gerstein H.C., Wang Y., et al. The relationship between glucose and incident cardiovascular events. A metaregression analysis of published data from 20 studies of 95,783 individuals followed for 12.4 years. Diabetes Care 22 (1999) 233-240
15. Danaei G., Lawes C.M., Vander Hoorn S., et al. Global and regional mortality from ischaemic heart disease and stroke attributable to higher-than-optimum blood glucose concentration: comparative risk assessment. Lancet 368 (2006) 1651-1659
16. Holman R.R., Paul S.K., Bethel M.A., et al. 10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine 359 (2008) 1577-1589
17. Effect of intensive diabetes management on macrovascular events and risk factors in the diabetes control and complications trial. American Journal of Cardiology 75 (1995) 894-903
18. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. New England Journal of Medicine 329 (1993) 977-986
19. Nathan D.M., Cleary P.A., Backlund J.Y., et al. Intensive diabetes treatment and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine 353 (2005) 2643-2653
20. Glucose tolerance and mortality: comparison of WHO and American Diabetes Association diagnostic criteria. The DECODE study group. European Diabetes Epidemiology Group. Diabetes Epidemiology: collaborative analysis of diagnostic criteria in Europe. Lancet 354 (1999) 617-621
21. Qiao Q., Nakagami T., Tuomilehto J., et al. Comparison of the fasting and the 2-h glucose criteria for diabetes in different Asian cohorts. Diabetologia 43 (2000) 1470-1475
22. Bartnik M., Ryden L., Ferrari R., et al. The prevalence of abnormal glucose regulation in patients with coronary artery disease across Europe. The Euro heart survey on diabetes and the heart. European Heart Journal 25 (2004) 1880-1890
23. Stratton I.M., Adler A.I., Neil H.A., et al. Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study. BMJ 321 (2000) 405-412
24. Hu F.B., Stampfer M.J., Haffner S.M., et al. Elevated risk of cardiovascular disease prior to clinical diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 25 (2002) 1129-1134
25. Hu D.Y., Pan C.Y., and Yu J.M. The relationship between coronary artery disease and abnormal glucose regulation in China: the China heart survey. European Heart Journal 27 (2006) 2573-2579
26. Juutilainen A., Lehto S., Ronnemaa T., et al. Similarity of the impact of type 1 and type 2 diabetes on cardiovascular mortality in middle-aged subjects. Diabetes Care 31 (2008) 714-719
27. Standl E., and Stiegler H. Microalbuminuria in a random cohort of recently diagnosed type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients living in the greater Munich area. Diabetologia 36 (1993) 1017-1020
28. Standl E., Balletshofer B., Dahl B., et al. Predictors of 10-year macrovascular and overall mortality in patients with NIDDM: the Munich general practitioner project. Diabetologia 39 (1996) 1540-1545
29. Stettler C., Allemann S., Juni P., et al. Glycemic control and macrovascular disease in types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus: meta-analysis of randomized trials. American Heart Journal 152 (2006) 27-38
30. Holman R.R., Paul S.K., Bethel M.A., et al. Long-term follow-up after tight control of blood pressure in type 2 diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine 359 (2008) 1565-1576
31. DECODA Study Group. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in populations of Asian origin. Comparison of the IDF definition with the NCEP definition. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 76 (2007) 57-67
32. Chiasson J.-L., Josse R.G., Gomis R., et al. Acarbose for prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus: the STOP-NIDDM randomised trial. Lancet 359 (2002) 2072-2077
33. Otter W., Kleybrink S., Doering W., et al. Hospital outcome of acute myocardial infarction in patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Diabetic Medicine 21 (2004) 183-187
34. Anselmino M., Ohrvik J., Malmberg K., et al. Glucose lowering treatment in patients with coronary artery disease is prognostically important not only in established but also in newly detected diabetes mellitus: a report from the Euro Heart Survey on Diabetes and the Heart. European Heart Journal 29 (2008) 177-184
35. Duckworth W., Abraira C., Moritz T., et al. Glucose control and vascular complications in veterans with type 2 diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine 360 (2009) 129-139
36. Dluhy R.G., and McMahon G.T. Intensive glycemic control in the ACCORD and ADVANCE trials. New England Journal of Medicine 358 (2008) 2630-2633
37. Malmberg K., Ryden L., Wedel H., et al. Intense metabolic control by means of insulin in patients with diabetes mellitus and acute myocardial infarction (DIGAMI 2): effects on mortality and morbidity. European Heart Journal 26 (2005) 650-661
38. Califf R.M., Boolell M., Haffner S.M., et al. Prevention of diabetes and cardiovascular disease in patients with impaired glucose tolerance: rationale and design of the Nateglinide And Valsartan in Impaired Glucose Tolerance Outcomes Research (NAVIGATOR) Trial. American Heart Journal 156 (2008) 623-632
39. Gerstein H., Yusuf S., Riddle M.C., et al. Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics for a large international trial of cardiovascular disease prevention in people with dysglycemia: the ORIGIN Trial (Outcome Reduction with an Initial Glargine Intervention). American Heart Journal 155 (2008) 26-32 32 e21-e26
40. Ryden L., Standl E., Bartnik M., et al. Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases: executive summary. The Task Force on Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). European Heart Journal 28 (2007) 88-136
41. Wilcox R., Kupfer S., and Erdmann E. Effects of pioglitazone on major adverse cardiovascular events in high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes: results from PROspective pioglitAzone clinical trial in macro vascular events (PROactive 10). American Heart Journal 155 (2008) 712-717
42. Nissen S.E., and Wolski K. Effect of rosiglitazone on the risk of myocardial infarction and death from cardiovascular causes. New England Journal of Medicine 356 (2007) 2457-2471