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Single-letter abbreviations for the amino acid residues are as follows: A, Ala; C, Cys; D, Asp; E, Glu; F, Phe; G, Gly; H, His; I, Ile; K, Lys; L, Leu; M, Met; N, Asn; P, Pro; Q, Gln; R, Arg; S, Ser; T, Thr; V, Val; W, Trp; and Y, Tyr.
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Single-letter abbreviations for the amino acid residues are as follows: A, Ala; C, Cys; D, Asp; E, Glu; F, Phe; G, Gly; H, His; I, Ile; K, Lys; L, Leu; M, Met; N, Asn; P, Pro; Q, Gln; R, Arg; S, Ser; T, Thr; V, Val; W, Trp; and Y, Tyr.
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This research was supported by NIH grants GM049985 and GM036559 to R.D.K. D.W. was supported by a special fellow award from the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and the NIH Pathway to Independence Award (K99 GM085136, X.H. and M.L. were supported by NIH Roadmap for Medical Research Grant U54 GM072970 and NIH grant GM041455. Portions of the research were carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, a national user facility operated by Stanford University on behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. The SSRL Structural Molecular Biology Program is supported by the DOE, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, and by the National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources, Biomedical Technology Program, and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences. Portions of this research were conducted at the Advanced Light Source, a national user facility operated by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, on behal
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This research was supported by NIH grants GM049985 and GM036559 to R.D.K. D.W. was supported by a special fellow award from the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and the NIH Pathway to Independence Award (K99 GM085136). X.H. and M.L. were supported by NIH Roadmap for Medical Research Grant U54 GM072970 and NIH grant GM041455. Portions of the research were carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, a national user facility operated by Stanford University on behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences. The SSRL Structural Molecular Biology Program is supported by the DOE, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, and by the National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources, Biomedical Technology Program, and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences. Portions of this research were conducted at the Advanced Light Source, a national user facility operated by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, on behalf of the DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. The Berkeley Center for Structural Biology is supported in part by the DOE, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, and by the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of General Medical Sciences. We thank C. D. Kaplan for providing TFIIS E291H mutant for structural studies. PDB accession codes: 13-nt oligomer backtracked pol II, 3GTJ; 18-nt oligomer backtracked pol II, 3GTK; 12-nt oligomer backtracked pol II, 3GTG; and 13-nt oligomer backtracked pol II with TFIIS, 3GTM.
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