-
1
-
-
33746655320
-
-
J. Hill, E. Nelson, D. Tilman, S. Polasky, D. Tiffany, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2006, 103, 11206.
-
(2006)
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
, vol.103
, pp. 11206
-
-
Hill, J.1
Nelson, E.2
Tilman, D.3
Polasky, S.4
Tiffany, D.5
-
2
-
-
31544452808
-
-
A. J. Ragauskas, C. K. Williams, B. H. Davison, G. Britovsek, J. Cairney, C. A. Eckert, W. J. Frederick, Jr., J. P. Hallett, D. J. Leak, C. L. Liotta, J. R. Mielenz, R. Murphy, R. Templer, T. Tschaplinski, Science 2006, 311, 484.
-
(2006)
Science
, vol.311
, pp. 484
-
-
Ragauskas, A.J.1
Williams, C.K.2
Davison, B.H.3
Britovsek, G.4
Cairney, J.5
Eckert, C.A.6
Frederick W.J., Jr.7
Hallett, J.P.8
Leak, D.J.9
Liotta, C.L.10
Mielenz, J.R.11
Murphy, R.12
Templer, R.13
Tschaplinski, T.14
-
3
-
-
85021041567
-
-
Note
-
2, i.e., one-third of the carbon is blown out as CO2. The process cannot exceed a theoretical 51% ethanol mass yield limit.
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
85021047985
-
-
This is due, at least in part, to incompatibility with engine lubricants. See
-
This is due, at least in part, to incompatibility with engine lubricants. See: E. C. Owens, Jr., H. W. Marbach, E. A. Frame, T. W. Ryan, Proc. Int. Symp. Alcohol Fuels Technol. 1981, 2, 691.
-
(1981)
Proc. Int. Symp. Alcohol Fuels Technol.
, vol.2
, pp. 691
-
-
Owens E.C., Jr.1
Marbach, H.W.2
Frame, E.A.3
Ryan, T.W.4
-
5
-
-
54249140584
-
-
and references therein
-
E. L. Kunkes, D. A. Simonetti, R. M. West, J. C. Serrano-Ruiz, C. A. Gärtner, J. A. Dumesic, Science 2008, 322, 417 and references therein.
-
(2008)
Science
, vol.322
, pp. 417
-
-
Kunkes, E.L.1
Simonetti, D.A.2
West, R.M.3
Serrano-Ruiz, J.C.4
Gärtner, C.A.5
Dumesic, J.A.6
-
6
-
-
58949090977
-
-
T. R. Carlson, T. P. Vispute, G. W. Huber, ChemSusChem. 2008, 1, 397.
-
(2008)
ChemSusChem.
, vol.1
, pp. 397
-
-
Carlson, T.R.1
Vispute, T.P.2
Huber, G.W.3
-
8
-
-
61349178397
-
-
Angewandte Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 7924
-
M. Mascal, E. B. Nikitin, Angew. Chem. 2008, 120, 8042; Angewandte Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 7924.
-
(2008)
Angew. Chem.
, vol.120
, pp. 8042
-
-
Mascal, M.1
Nikitin, E.B.2
-
9
-
-
85020960934
-
-
Avantium Technologies press release
-
Avantium Technologies press release: http://www.avantium.com/product-development/biofuels-and-bio-based-chemicals/engine-test.
-
-
-
-
11
-
-
34548728610
-
-
A. J. A. van Maris, A. A. Winkler, M. Kuyper, W. T. A. M. de Laat, J. P. van Dijken, J. T. Pronk, Adv. Biochem. Eng./Biotechnol. 2007, 108, 179.
-
(2007)
Adv. Biochem. Eng./Biotechnol.
, vol.108
, pp. 179
-
-
van Maris, A.J.A.1
Winkler, A.A.2
Kuyper, M.3
de Laat, W.T.A.M.4
van Dijken, J.P.5
Pronk, J.T.6
-
12
-
-
34548789083
-
-
B. Hahn-Hägerdal, K. Karhumaa, M. Jeppsson, M. F. Gorwa-Grauslund, Adv. Biochem. Eng./Biotechnol. 2007, 108, 147.
-
(2007)
Adv. Biochem. Eng. /Biotechnol.
, vol.108
, pp. 147
-
-
Hahn-Hägerdal, B.1
Karhumaa, K.2
Jeppsson, M.3
Gorwa-Grauslund, M.F.4
-
14
-
-
33947191174
-
-
B. Hahn-Hägerdal, K. Karhumaa, C. Fonseca, I. Spencer-Martins, M. F. Gorwa-Grauslund, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2007, 74, 937.
-
(2007)
Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
, vol.74
, pp. 937
-
-
Hahn-Hägerdal, B.1
Karhumaa, K.2
Fonseca, C.3
Spencer-Martins, I.4
Gorwa-Grauslund, M.F.5
-
15
-
-
55949124039
-
-
A. S. Mamman, J.-M. Lee, Y.-C. Kim, I. T. Hwang, N.-J. Park, Y. K. Hwang, J.-S. Chang, J.-S. Hwang, Biofuels Bioprod. Biorefin. 2008, 2, 438.
-
(2008)
Biofuels Bioprod. Biorefin.
, vol.2
, pp. 438
-
-
Mamman, A.S.1
Lee, J.-M.2
Kim, Y.-C.3
Hwang, I.T.4
Park, N.-J.5
Hwang, Y.K.6
Chang, J.-S.7
Hwang, J.-S.8
-
16
-
-
33645321655
-
-
5-Methylfurfural 6 is classified either as a Class 1 (irritant) or Class 2 (potentially harmful at intense exposure) health hazard, depending on the material safety data sheet (MSDS) supplier. 5-Ethoxymethylfurfural 5 has no published MSDS, but has long been recognized as a flavor component of wines
-
5-Methylfurfural 6 is classified either as a Class 1 (irritant) or Class 2 (potentially harmful at intense exposure) health hazard, depending on the material safety data sheet (MSDS) supplier. 5-Ethoxymethylfurfural 5 has no published MSDS, but has long been recognized as a flavor component of wines: J. S. Camara, M. A. Alves, J. C. Marques, Anal. Chim. Acta 2006, 563, 188.
-
(2006)
Anal. Chim. Acta
, vol.563
, pp. 188
-
-
Camara, J.S.1
Alves, M.A.2
Marques, J.C.3
-
17
-
-
84876366300
-
-
Certainly, the noncorrosive nature of these materials presupposes that they will be chlorine-free. No residual solvent or CMF 1 has been observed by NMR in the distilled products 5 and 6. We note that any remaining trace halide could be dealt with in same the way trace halogens are removed from petroleum (see for example E. J. Janoski, E. J. Hollstein, US Patent. Application 84-655598, 1985), or by any one of many available catalytic dehalogenation methods described in the literature; see in (Ed.: G. Ertl), Wiley-VCH, Weinheim
-
Certainly, the noncorrosive nature of these materials presupposes that they will be chlorine-free. No residual solvent or CMF 1 has been observed by NMR in the distilled products 5 and 6. We note that any remaining trace halide could be dealt with in same the way trace halogens are removed from petroleum (see for example E. J. Janoski, E. J. Hollstein, US Patent. Application 84-655598, 1985), or by any one of many available catalytic dehalogenation methods described in the literature; see R. F. Howe, in Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalysis (Ed.: G. Ertl), Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2008, pp. 2385-2394.
-
(2008)
Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalysis
, pp. 2385-2394
-
-
Howe, R.F.1
-
18
-
-
0007672573
-
-
L. Cottier, G. Descotes, H. Nigay, J.-C. Parron, V. Gregoire, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr. 1986, 5, 844.
-
(1986)
Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr.
, vol.5
, pp. 844
-
-
Cottier, L.1
Descotes, G.2
Nigay, H.3
Parron, J.-C.4
Gregoire, V.5
-
20
-
-
85020974024
-
-
Top Value Added Chemicals From Biomass. Volume I: Results of Screening for Potential Candidates from Sugars and Synthesis Gas. Technical report identifier PNNL-14804, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, August (accessed April 2009)
-
Top Value Added Chemicals From Biomass. Volume I: Results of Screening for Potential Candidates from Sugars and Synthesis Gas. Technical report identifier PNNL-14804, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, August 2004 (http://www1.eere.energy.gov/biomass/pdfs/35523.pdf, accessed April 2009).
-
(2004)
-
-
-
21
-
-
85020990716
-
-
Note
-
The volume of solvent required here is a consequence of the commercial apparatus we used to perform the reaction, in which substantial dead volume is interposed between the aqueous reaction mixture and the point where the extracting solvent is siphoned off to avoid contamination of the product.
-
-
-
|