C4d immunohistochemical stain is a sensitive method to confirm immunoreactant deposition in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue in bullous pemphigoid

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology

Volumn 36, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 655-659

  Chandler, Wells ^a   Zone, John ^a   Florell, Scott ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF UTAH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMPLEMENT COMPONENT C4D; FORMALDEHYDE; PARAFFIN;

ARTICLE; BASEMENT MEMBRANE; BULLOUS PEMPHIGOID; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; IMMUNOPATHOLOGY; IMMUNOREACTIVITY; SKIN BIOPSY;

BASEMENT MEMBRANE; COMPLEMENT C4B; FORMALDEHYDE; HUMANS; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; PARAFFIN EMBEDDING; PEMPHIGOID, BULLOUS; PEPTIDE FRAGMENTS; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; STAINING AND LABELING; TISSUE FIXATION;

EID: 65949097052     PISSN: 03036987     EISSN: 16000560     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2008.01129.x     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. D'Ambra-Cabry K, Deng DH, Flynn KL, Magee KL, Deng JS. Antigen retrieval in immunofluorescent testing of bullous pemphigoid. Am J Dermatopathol 1995 17 : 560.
2. Michel B, Milner Y, David K. Preservation of tissue-fixed immunoglobulins in skin biopsies of patients with lupus erythematosus and bullous diseases - preliminary report. J Invest Dermatol 1972 59 : 449.
3. Feucht HE, Mihatsch MJ. Diagnostic value of C4d in renal biopsies. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2005 14 : 592.
4. Racusen LC, Colvin RB, Solez K, et al. Antibody-mediated rejection criteria - an addition to the Banff 97 classification of renal allograft rejection. Am J Transplant 2003 3 : 708.
5. Troxell ML, Weintraub LA, Higgins JP, Kambham N. Comparison of C4d immunostaining methods in renal allograft biopsies. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2006 1 : 583.
6. Mauiyyedi S, Colvin RB. Humoral rejection in kidney transplantation: new concepts in diagnosis and treatment. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2002 11 : 609.
7. Nadasdy GM, Bott C, Cowden D, Pelletier R, Ferguson R, Nadasdy T. Comparative study for the detection of peritubular capillary C4d deposition in human renal allografts using different methodologies. Hum Pathol 2005 36 : 1178.
8. Nelson KC, Zhao M, Schroeder PR, et al. Role of different pathways of the complement cascade in experimental bullous pemphigoid. J Clin Invest 2006 116 : 2892.
9. Jordon RE, Nordby JM, Milstein H. The complement system in bullous pemphigoid. III. Fixation of C1q and C4 by pemphigoid antibody. J Lab Clin Med 1975 86 : 733.
10. Sams WM Jr., Schur PH. Studies of the antibodies in pemphigoid and pemphigus. J Lab Clin Med 1973 82 : 249.
11. Dyrsen ME, Chadwick PA, Margo CM. The use of C3D and C4D as a diagnostic adjunct in the assessment of non-neoplastic skin disease. Abstracts of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology Annual Meeting, March 2008, Denver, Colorado, USA. Lab Invest. 2008 88 Suppl 1 : 93A.
12. Carruthers JA, Ewins AR. Herpes gestationis: studies on the binding characteristics, activity and pathogenetic significance of the complement-fixing factor. Clin Exp Immunol 1978 31 : 38.
13. Jablonska S, Chorzelski TP, Masciejowska E, Jarzabek-Chorzelska M, Beutner EH. Immunologic phenomena in herpes gestationis. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 1978 26 : 769.
14. Katz SI, Hertz KC, Yaoita H. Herpes gestationis. Immunopathology and characterization of the HG factor. J Clin Invest 1976 57 : 1434.
15. Imai H, Chen A, Wyatt RJ, Rifai A. Lack of complement activation by human IgA immune complexes. Clin Exp Immunol 1988 73 : 479.
16. Bird P, Friedmann PS, Ling N, Bird AG, Thompson RA. Subclass distribution of IgG autoantibodies in bullous pemphigoid. J Invest Dermatol 1986 86 : 21.
17. Kumar V, Valeski JE, Chorzelski TP, Jablonska S. Significance of IgG-subclass antibody determinations in bullous pemphigoid. J Clin Lab Anal 1996 10 : 432.
18. Lamb PM, Patton T, Deng JS. The predominance of IgG4 in prodromal bullous pemphigoid. Int J Dermatol 2008 47 : 150.
19. Brooks WS, Lee YY, Abell E, Deng JS. Comparison of IgG subclasses and complement binding activity of autoantibodies from patients with bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus. J Clin Lab Anal 1989 3 : 307.
20. Shirakata Y, Shiraishi S, Sayama K, Miki Y. Subclass characteristics of IgG autoantibodies in bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus. J Dermatol 1990 17 : 661.
21. Buschman KE, Seraly M, Thong HY, Deng JS, Draviam RP, Abernethy JL. A predominant IgG4 subclass may be responsible for false-negative direct immunofluorescence in bullous pemphigoid. J Cutan Pathol 2002 29 : 282.
22. Provost TT, Tomasi TB Jr. Evidence for complement activation via the alternate pathway in skin diseases, I. Herpes gestationis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and bullous pemphigoid. J Clin Invest 1973 52 : 1779.