Numerical study of the effects of the breaking intensity on wave breaking flows

Journal of Fluid Mechanics

Volumn 622, Issue , 2009, Pages 371-411

  Iafrati, A ^a  

^a ITALIAN SHIP MODEL BASIN   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HORIZONTAL WELLS; MOMENTUM; NAVIER STOKES EQUATIONS; REYNOLDS NUMBER; SURFACE WAVES; WATER LEVELS;

INTERFACE CAPTURING; LEVEL-SET TECHNIQUES; LOCAL STRAIN FIELD; NAVIER-STOKES SOLVER; NUMERICAL CALCULATION; QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATES; SMALL PERTURBATIONS; TWO-DIMENSIONAL FLOW;

UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS;

AIR BUBBLE; CAVITATION; COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS; COMPUTER SIMULATION; DEGASSING; ESTIMATION METHOD; FLOW VELOCITY; FREE SURFACE FLOW; JET FLOW; NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; REYNOLDS NUMBER; SHRINKAGE; SURFACE LAYER; TWO-DIMENSIONAL FLOW; WAVE BREAKING;

EID: 65649084113     PISSN: 00221120     EISSN: 14697645     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0022112008005302     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. BANNER, M. L. & PHILLIPS, O. M. 1974 On the incipient breaking of small scale waves. J. Fluid Mech. 65, 647-656.
2. BLENKINSOPP C. E. & CHAPLIN, J. R. 2007 Void fraction measurements in breaking waves. Proc. R. Soc. A463, 3151-3170.
3. BONMARIN, P. 1989 Geometric propertiesd of deep-water breaking waves. J. Fluid Mech. 209, 405-433.
4. BRACKBILL, J. U., KOTHE, D. B. & ZEMACH, C. 1992 A continuum method for modeling surface tension. J. Comput. Phys. 100, 335-354.
5. BROCCHINI, M. & PEREGRINE, D. H. 2001 The dynamics of strong turbulence at free surfaces. Part 1. Description. J. Fluid Mech. 449, 225-254.
6. CHANG, K.-A. & LIU, P. L.-F. 1999 Experimental investigation of turbulence generated by breaking waves in water of intermediate depth. Phys. Fluids 11, 3390-3401.
7. CHEN, G., KHARIF, C., ZALESKI, S. & LI, J. 1999 Two-dimensional Navier-Stokes simulation of breaking waves. Phys. Fluids 11, 121-133.
8. CHORIN, A. J. 1967 A numerical method for solving incompressible viscous flow problems. J. Comput. Phys. 2, 12-26.
9. DABIRI, D. & GHARIB, M. 1997 Experimental investigation of the vorticity generation within a spilling water wave. J. Fluid Mech. 330, 113-139.
10. DEANE, G. B. & STOKES, M. D. 2002 Scale dependence of bubble creation mechanisms in breaking waves. Nature 418, 839-844.
11. DIORIO, J., LIU, X. & DUNCAN, J. H. 2008 On the self-similarity of short-wavelength incipient spilling breakers. In Proceedings of the XXII ICTAM Conference, University Adelaide.
12. DUNCAN, J. H. 1981 An experimental investigation of breaking waves produced by a towed hydrofoil. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A377, 331-348.
13. DUNCAN, J. H. 1983 The breaking and nonbreaking wave resistance of a two-dimensional hydrofoil. J. Fluid Mech. 126, 507-520.
14. DUNCAN, J. H., QIAO, H., PHILOMIN, V. & WENZ, A. 1999 Gentle spilling breakers: Crest profile evolution. J. Fluid Mech. 379 191-222.
15. FRISCH, U. 1995 Turbulence. Cambridge University Press.
16. GRUE, J., CLAMOND, D., HUSEBY, M. & JENSEN, A. 2003 Kinematics of extreme water waves. Appl. Ocean Res. 25, 355-366.
17. GRUE, J. & FRUCTUS, D. In press Model for fully nonlinear ocean wave simulations derived using Fourier inversion of integral equations in 3D. In Advances in Numerical Simulation of Nonlinear Water Waves (ed. Q. W. Ma), in the series of Advances in Coastal and Ocean Engineering . The World Scientific.
18. GRUE, J. & JENSEN, A. 2006 Experimental velocities and accelerations in very steep wave events in deep water. Eur. J. Mech. B Fluids 25, 554-564.
19. HENDRICKSON, K. 2004 Navier-Stokes simulation of steep breaking water waves with coupled air-water interface. Sc. D. Dissertation, Massachussetts Institute of Technology.
20. HENDRICKSON, K. & YUE, D. K. P. 2006 Navier-Stokes simulations of unsteady small-scale breaking waves at a coupled air-water interface. In Proceedings of The Twenty-Sixth Symposium on Naval Hydrodynamics, Office of Naval Research.
21. IAFRATI, A. 2006 Numerical analysis of the momentum transfer induced by breaking waves. In Proceedings of The Twenty-Sixth Symposium on Naval Hydrodynamics, Office of Naval Research.
22. IAFRATI, A. & CAMPANA, E. F. 2003 A domain decomposition approach to compute wave breaking. Intl J. Num. Meth. Fluids 41, 419-445.
23. IAFRATI, A. & CAMPANA, E. F. 2005 Free surface fluctuations behind microbreakers: Space-time behavious and subsurface flow field. J. Fluid Mech. 529, 311-347.
24. IAFRATI, A., DI MASCIO, A. & CAMPANA, E. F. 2001 A level-set technique applied to unsteady free surface flows. Intl J. Num. Meth. Fluids 35, 281-297.
25. KIM, J. & MOIN, P. 1985 Application of a fractional-step method to incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. J. Comput. Phys. 59, 308-323.
26. KIMMOUN, O. & BRANGERr H. 2007 A particle image velocimetry investigation on laboratory surf-zone breaking waves over a sloping beach. J. Fluid Mech. 588, 353-397.
27. LAMARRE, E. & MELVILLE, W. K. 1991 Air entrainment and dissipation in breaking waves. Nature 351, 469-472.
28. LANDAU, L. D. & LIFSHITZ, E. M. 1959 Fluid Mechanics. Pergamon.
29. LIGHTHILL, J. 1978 Waves in Fluids. Cambridge University Press.
30. LIN, J. C. & ROCKWELL, D. 1995 Evolution of a quasi-steady breaking wave. J. Fluid Mech. 302, 29-44.
31. LONGUET-HIGGINS, M. S. 1992 Capillary rollers and bores. J. Fluid Mech. 240, 659-679.
32. LUBIN, P., VINCENT, S., ABADIE, S. & CALTAGIRONE, J.-P. 2006 Three-dimensional large eddy simulation of air entrainment under plunging breaking waves. Coast. Engng 53, 631-655.
33. MELVILLE, W. K., VERON, F. & WHITE C. J. 2002 The velocity field under breaking waves: Coherent structures and turbulence. J. Fluid Mech. 454, 203-233.
34. OHRING, S. & LUGT, H. J. 1991 Interaction of a viscous vortex pair with a free surface. J. Fluid Mech. 227, 47-70.
35. QIAO, H. & DUNCAN, J. H. 2001 Gentle spilling breakers: Crest flow-field evolution. J. Fluid Mech. 439, 57-85.
36. RAI, M. M. & MOIN, P. 1991 Direct simulations of turbulent flow using finite-difference schemes. J. Comput. Phys. 96, 15-53.
37. RAPP, R. J. & MELVILLE, W. K. 1990 Laboratory measurements of deep-water breaking waves. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A331, 735-800.
38. ROSENFELD, M., KWAK, D. & VINOKUR, M. 1991 A fractional step solution method for the unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in generalized coordinate system. J. Comput. Phys. 94, 102-137.
39. SARPKAYA, T. & SUTHON, P. 1991 Interaction of a vortex couple with a free surface. Exp. Fluids 11, 205-217.
40. SCARDOVELLI, R. & ZALESKI, S. 1999 Direct numerical simulation of free surface and interfacial flow. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 31, 567-603.
41. SIDDIQUI, M. H. K., LOEWEN, M. R., ASHER, W. E. & JESSUP, A. T. 2004 Coherent structures beneath wind waves and their influence on air-water gas transfer. J. Geophys. Res. 109, C03024.
42. SIDDIQUI, M. H. K., LOEWEN, M. R., RICHARDSON, C., ASHER, W. E. & JESSUP, A. T. 2001 Simultaneous particle image velocimetry and infrared imagery of microscale breaking waves. Phys. Fluids 13 1891-1903.
43. SONG, C. & SIRVIENTE, A. I. 2004 A numerical study of breaking waves. Phys. Fluids 16, 2649-2667.
44. SULLIVAN, P. P., MCWILLIAMS, J. C. & MELVILLE, W. K. 2004 The oceanic boundary layer driven by wave breaking with stochastic variability. Part 1: Direct numerical simulations. J. Fluid Mech. 507, 143-174.
45. SULLIVAN, P. P., MCWILLIAMS, J. C. & MELVILLE, W. K. 2007 Surface gravity wave effects in the oceanic boundary layer: Large-eddy simulation with vortex force and stochastic breakers. J. Fluid Mech. 593, 405-452.
46. SUSSMAN, M., SMEREKA, P. & OSHER, S. 1994 A level set approach for computing solutions to incompressible two-phase flow. J. Comput. Phys. 114, 146-159.
47. THORPE, S. A. 2004 Langmuir circulation. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 36, 55-79.
48. UNVERDI, S. O. & TRYGGVASON, G. 1992 A front-tracking method for viscous, incompressible, multi-fluid flows. J. Comput. Phys. 100, 25-37.
49. VAN DER VORST, H. A. 1992 Bi-CGSTAB: Fast and smoothly converging variant of Bi-CG for the solution of nonsymmetric linear systems. SIAM J. Sci. Stat. Comput. 13, 631-644.
50. WATANA, Y., SAEKI, H. & HOSKING, R. J. 2005 Three-dimensional vortex structures under breaking waves. J. Fluid Mech. 545, 291-328.
51. WHITHAM, G. B. 1974 Linear and Nonlinear Waves. Wiley Interscience.
52. ZANG, Y., STREET, R. L. & KOSEFF, J. R. 1994 A non-staggered grid, fractional step method for time-dependent incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in curvilinear coordinates. J. Comput. Phys. 114, 18-33.