Treatment for congenital toxoplasmosis: Finding out what works

Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

Volumn 104, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 305-311

  Gilbert, Ruth ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Congenital toxoplasmosis; Policy; Treatment

Indexed keywords

EID: 65549092390     PISSN: 00740276     EISSN: 16788060     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1590/S0074-02762009000200026     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Ajzenberg D, Banuls AL, Su C, Dumetre A, Demar M, Carme B, Darde ML 2004. Genetic diversity, clonality and sexuality in Toxoplasma gondii. Int J Parasitol 34: 1185-1196.
2. Andrade GM, Resende LM, Goulart EM, Siqueira AL, Vitor RW, Januario JN 2008. Hearing loss in congenital toxoplasmosis detected by newborn screening. Rev Bras Otorrinolaringol (Engl Ed) 74: 21-28.
3. Bader TJ, Macones GA, Asch DA 1997. Prenatal screening for toxoplasmosis. Obstet Gynecol 90: 457-464.
4. Bahia-Oliveira LMG, Abreau AMW de, Azevedo-Silveira J, Orefice F 2001. Toxoplasmosis in Southeastern Brazil: an alarming situation of highly endemic acquired and congenital infection. Int J Parasitol 32: 133-137.
5. Benard A, Petersen E, Salamon R, Chene G, Gilbert R, Salmi LR 2008. Survey of European programmes for the epidemiological surveillance of congenital toxoplasmosis. Euro Surveill 13: 15.
6. Berrebi A, Bardou M, Bessieres MH, Nowakowska D, Castagno R, Rolland M, Wallon M, Franck J, Bongain A, Monnier-Barbarino P, Assouline C, Cassaing S 2007. Outcome for children infected with congenital toxoplasmosis in the first trimester and with normal ultrasound findings: a study of 36 cases. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 135: 53-57.
7. Berrebi A, Kobuch WE, Bessieres MH, Bloom MC, Rolland M, Sarramon MF, Roques C, Fournie A 1994. Termination of pregnancy for maternal toxoplasmosis. Lancet 344: 36-39.
8. Binquet C, Wallon M, Quantin C, Kodjikian L, Garweg J, Fleury J, Peyron F, Abrahamowicz M 2003. Prognostic factors for the long-term development of ocular lesions in 327 children with congenital toxoplasmosis. Epidemiol Infect 131: 1157-1168.
9. Daveluy A, Haramburu F, Bricout H, Costanzo MC, Fourrier A, Tan HK, Gilbert RE, Kieffer F, Thiebaut R 2005. Review of data related to side effects of drugs used in congenital toxoplasmosis, Bordeaux, Panel 2. Available from: http://eurotoxo.isped.u-bordeaux2.fr/www_public/us-eurotoxo-publicaccess -frame-2.htm.
10. de Moura L, Bahia-Oliveira LM, Wada MY, Jones JL, Tuboi SH, Carmo EH, Ramalho WM, Camargo NJ, Trevisan R, Graca RM, da Silva AJ, Moura I, Dubey JP, Garrett DO 2006. Waterborne toxoplasmosis, Brazil, from field to gene. Emerg Infect Dis 12: 326-329.
11. Denkers EY, Gazzinelli RT 1998. Regulation and function of T-cellmediated immunity during Toxoplasma gondii infection. Clin Microbiol Rev 11: 569-588.
12. Dubey JP, Su C, Cortes JA, Sundar N, Gomez-Marin JE, Polo LJ, Zambrano L, Mora LE, Lora F, Jimenez J, Kwok OC, Shen SK, Zhang X, Nieto A, Thulliez P 2006. Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in cats from Colombia, South America, and genetic characterization of T. gondii isolates. Vet Parasitol 141: 42-47.
13. Dubey JP, Sundar N, Gennari SM, Minervino AH, Farias NA, Ruas JL, dos Santos TR, Cavalcante GT, Kwok OC, Su C 2007. Biologic and genetic comparison of Toxoplasma gondii isolates in free-range chickens from the northern Para state and the southern state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, revealed highly diverse and distinct parasite populations. Vet Parasitol 143: 182-188.
14. Forestier F, Daffos F, Rainaut M, Desnottes JF, Gaschard JC 1987. Fetomaternal therapeutic follow-up of spiramycin during pregnancy. Arch Fr Pediatr 44: 539-544.
15. Foulon W, Villena I, Stray-Pedersen B, Decoster A, Lappalainen M, Pinon JM, Jenum PA, Hedman K, Naessens A 1999. Treatment of toxoplasmosis during pregnancy: a multicentre study of impact on fetal transmission and children's sequelae at age 1 year. Am J Obstet Gynecol 180: 410-415.
16. Freeman K, Salt A, Prusa A, Malm G, Ferret N, Buffolano W, Schmidt D, Tan HK, Gilbert RE 2005. Association between congenital toxoplasmosis and parent-reported developmental outcomes, concerns and impairments, in 3 year old children. Biomed Central Pediatrics 5: 23.
17. Freeman K, Tan HK, Prusa A, Petersen E, Buffolano W, Malm G, Cortina-Borja M, Gilbert R 2008. Predictors of retinochoroiditis in children with congenital toxoplasmosis: European, prospective cohort study. Pediatrics 121: e1215-e1222.
18. Fux B, Nawas J, Khan A, Gill D, Su C, Sibley LD 2007. Toxoplasma gondii strains lacking oral transmission are defective in stage differentiation. Infect Immun 62: 1761-1767.
19. Gilbert R, Dezateux C 2006. Newborn screening for congenital toxoplasmosis: feasible, but benefits are not established. Arch Dis Child 91: 629-631.
20. Gilbert R, Dunn D, Wallon M, Hayde M, Prusa A, Lebech M, Kortbeek T, Peyron F, Pollak A, Petersen E 2001. Ecological comparison of the risks of mother-to-child transmission and clinical manifestations of congenital toxoplasmosis according to prenatal treatment protocol. Epidemiol Infect 127: 113-120.
21. Gilbert R, Gras L 2003. Effect of timing and type of treatment on the risk of mother to child transmission of Toxoplasma gondii. BJOG 110: 112-120.
22. Gilbert RE, Dunn D, Lightman S, Murray PI, Pavesio C, Gormley P, Masters J, Parker SP, Stanford MR 1999. Incidence of symptomatic toxoplasma eye disease: aetiology and public health implications. Epidemiol Infect 123: 283-289.
23. Gilbert RE, Freeman K, Lago EG, Bahia-Oliveira LM, Tan HK, Wallon M, Buffolano W, Stanford MR, Petersen E 2008. Ocular sequelae of congenital toxoplasmosis in Brazil compared with Europe. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2: e277.
24. Gilbert RE, Peckham CS 2002. Congenital toxoplasmosis in the United Kingdom: to screen or not to screen? J Med Screen 9: 135-141.
25. Gomez-Marin JE, Gonzalez MM, Montoya MT, Giraldo A, Castano JC 2007. A newborn screening programme for congenital toxoplasmosis in the setting of a country with less income. Arch Dis Child 92: 88.
26. Gras L, Wallon M, Pollak A, Cortina-Borja M, Evengard B, Hayde M, Petersen E, Gilbert RE, EMSCOT 2005. Association between prenatal treatment and clinical manifestations of congenital toxoplasmosis in infancy: a cohort study in 13 European centers. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavia 94: 1-12.
27. Gratzl R, Hayde M, Kohlhauser C, Hermon M, Burda G, Strobl W, Pollak A 1999. Follow-up of infants with congenital toxoplasmosis detected by polymerase chain reaction analysis of amniotic fluid. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 17: 853-858.
28. Jamieson SE, de Roubaix LA, Cortina-Borja M, Tan HK, Mui EJ, Cordell HJ, Kirisits MJ, Miller EN, Peacock CS, Hargrave AC, Coyne JJ, Boyer K, Bessieres MH, Buffolano W, Ferret N, Franck J, Kieffer F, Meier P, Nowakowska DE, Paul M, Peyron F, Stray-Pedersen B, Prusa AR, Thulliez P, Wallon M, Petersen E, McLeod R, Gilbert RE, Blackwell JM 2008. Genetic and epigenetic factors at COL2A1 and ABCA4 influence clinical outcome in congenital toxoplasmosis. PLoS ONE 3: e2285.
29. Khan A, Jordan C, Muccioli C, Vallochi AL, Rizzo LV, Belfort R Jr, Vitor RW, Silveira C, Sibley LD 2006. Genetic divergence of Toxoplasma gondii strains associated with ocular toxoplasmosis, Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis 12: 942-949.
30. Lago EG, Neto EC, Melamed J, Rucks AP, Presotto C, Coelho JC, Parise C, Vargas PR, Goldbeck AS, Fiori RM 2007. Congenital toxoplasmosis: late pregnancy infections detected by neonatal screening and maternal serological testing at delivery. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 21: 525-531.
31. Lehmann T, Marcet PL, Graham DH, Dahl ER, Dubey JP 2006. Globalization and the population structure of Toxoplasma gondii. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103: 11423-11428.
32. McAuley J, Boyer KM, Patel D, Mets M, Swisher C, Roizen N, Wolters C, Stein L, Stein M, Schey W, Remington J, Meier P, Johnson D, Heydeman P, Holfels E, Withers S, Mack D, Brown C, Patton D, McLeod R 1994. Early and longitudinal evaluations of treated infants and children and untreated historical patients with congenital toxoplasmosis: the Chicago collaborative treatment trial. Clin Infect Dis 18: 38-72.
33. Neto EC, Anele E, Rubim R, Brites A, Schulte J, Becker D, Tuuminen T 2000. High prevalence of congenital toxoplasmosis in Brazil estimated in a 3-year prospective neonatal screening study. Int J Epidemiol 29: 941-947.
34. Neto EC, Rubin R, Schulte J, Giugliani R 2004. Newborn screening for congenital infectious diseases. Emerg Infect Dis 10: 1068-1073.
35. Nowakowska D, Colon I, Remington JS, Grigg M, Golab E, Wilczynski J, Sibley LD 2006. Genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii by multiplex PCR and peptide-based serological testing of samples from infants in Poland diagnosed with congenital toxoplasmosis. J Clin Microbiol 44: 1382-1389.
36. Portela RW, Bethony J, Costa MI, Gazzinelli A, Vitor RW, Hermeto FM, Correa-Oliveira R, Gazzinelli RT 2004. A multihousehold study reveals a positive correlation between age, severity of ocular toxoplasmosis and levels of glycoinositolphospholipid-specific immunoglobulin A. J Infect Dis 190: 175-183.
37. Potter BK, Avard D, Wilson BJ 2008. Newborn blood spot screen ing in four countries: stakeholder involvement. J Public Health Policy 29: 121-142.
38. Remington JMRTPDG 2006. Toxoplasmosis. In Infectious disease of the fetus and newborn infant, JKJWCBC Remington (ed.), Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia, p. 947-1092.
39. Ronday MJ, Stilma JS, Barbe RF, McElroy WJ, Luyendijk L, Kolk AH, Bakker M, Kijlstra A, Rothova A 1996. Aetiology of uveitis in Sierra Leone, West Africa. Br J Ophthalmol 80: 956-961.
40. Saeij JP, Boyle JP, Coller S, Taylor S, Sibley LD, Brooke-Powell ET, Ajioka JW, Boothroyd JC 2006. Polymorphic secreted kinases are key virulence factors in toxoplasmosis. Science 314: 1780-1783.
41. Saeij JP, Coller S, Boyle JP, Jerome ME, White MW, Boothroyd JC 2007. Toxoplasma co-opts host gene expression by injection of a polymorphic kinase homologue. Nature 445: 324-327.
42. Segundo GR, Silva DA, Mineo JR, Ferreira MS 2004. A comparative study of congenital toxoplasmosis between public and private hospitals from Uberlândia, MG, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 99: 13-17.
43. Tan HK, Schmidt D, Stanford M, Tear-Fahnehjelm K, Ferret N, Salt A, Gilbert R 2007. Risk of visual impairment in children with congenital toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis. Am J Ophthalmol 144: 648-653.
44. Thalib L, Gras L, Romand S, Prusa A, Bessieres MH, Petersen E, Gilbert RE 2005. Prediction of congenital toxoplasmosis by polymerase chain reaction analysis of amniotic fluid. BJOG 112: 567-574.
45. The SYROCOT Study Group, Thiebaut R, Leproust S, Chene G, Gilbert RE 2007. Effectiveness of prenatal treatment for congenital toxoplasmosis: a meta-analysis of individual patients' data. Lancet 369: 115-122.
46. Thiebaut R, Leroy V, Alioum A, Binquet C, Poizat G, Salmi LR, Gras L, Salamon R, Gilbert R, Chene G 2006. Biases in observational studies of the effect of prenatal treatment for congenital toxoplasmosis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 124: 3-9.
47. UK National Screening Committee 2003. UK National Screening Committee criteria for appraising the viability, effectiveness and appropriateness of a screening programme. Available from: http://www.nsc.nhs.uk/uk_nsc/uk_nsc_ind.htm.
48. Vallochi AL, Muccioli C, Martins MC, Silveira C, Belfort R Jr, Rizzo LV 2005. The genotype of Toxoplasma gondii strains causing ocular toxoplasmosis in humans in Brazil. Am J Ophthalmol 139: 350-351.
49. Wallon M, Kodjikian L, Binquet C, Garweg J, Fleury J, Quantin C, Peyron F 2004. Long-term ocular prognosis in 327 children with congenital toxoplasmosis. Pediatrics 113: 1567-1572.