Paleocene-Early Eocene ostracodes from the Southern Galala Plateau (Eastern Desert, Egypt): Taxonomy, impact of paleobathymetric changes

Revue de Micropaleontologie

Volumn 52, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 149-192

  Morsi, Abdel Mohsen M ^a   Scheibner, Christian ^b  

^a Ain Shams University   (Egypt)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BREMEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Biostratigraphy; Egypt; Lower Eocene; Ostracoda; Paleobathymetry; Paleobiogeography; Paleocene; Taxonomy

Indexed keywords

BIOSTRATIGRAPHY; GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION; OSTRACOD; PALEOCENE-EOCENE BOUNDARY; TAXONOMY;

AFRICA; EASTERN DESERT; EGYPT; NORTH AFRICA;

OSTRACODA;

EID: 65449128125     PISSN: 00351598     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.revmic.2007.08.009     Document Type: Article

References (109)

1. Abdel-Kireem M.R., and Abdou H.F. Upper Cretaceous-Lower Tertiary planktonic foraminifera from South Galala Plateau, Eastern Desert, Egypt. Revista Española de Micropaleontología 11 (1979) 175-222
2. Al-Furaih, A.A.F., 1980. Upper Cretaceous and Lower Tertiary ostracoda (Superfamily Cytheracea) from Saudi Arabia. Publications of the University Library, University of Riyadh, Riyadh.
3. Al-Sheikhly, S.S.J., 1985. The new genus Ordoniya (Ostracoda) from the Paleogene of the Middle East. Procures of the 2nd Jordanian Geology Conference, Amman, pp. 238-273.
4. Apostolescu V. Contribution à l'étude paléontologique (ostracodes) et stratigraphique des bassins crétacés et tertiaires de l'Afrique occidentale. Revue de l'Institut Français du Pétrole 16 (1961) 779-867
5. Aref M. Early Eocene ostracoda from the Thebes Formation along the Red Sea coastal area, Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Geology 39 (1995) 113-131
6. Aubry M.-P., Cramer B.S., Miller K.G., Wright J.D., Kent D.V., and Olsson R.K. Late Paleocene event chronology; unconformities, not diachrony. Bulletin de la Société géologique de France 171 (2000) 367-378
7. Aubry, M.-P., Requirand, C., Cook, J., 2000b. The Rhomboaster-Tribrachiatus lineage; a remarkable succession of events from 55.5 to 53.2 Ma. In: Schmitz, B., Sundquist, B., Andreasson, F.P. (Eds.), Early Paleogene warm climates and biosphere dynamics. GFF 122, pp. 15-18.
8. Babinot J.-F. Paléobiogéographie des ostracodes du Crétacé supérieur des marges ouest-européennes et nord-africaines de la Téthys. Bulletin de la Société géologique de France 8 5 (1988) 739-745 I
9. Babinot J.-F., and Colin J.-P. Paleobiogeography of Tethyan Cretaceous marine ostracods. In: Hanai T., Ikeya N., and Ishizaki K. (Eds). Evolutionary biology of ostracoda; its fundamentals and applications (1988), Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo and Elsevier, Amsterdam 823-939
10. Bandel K., and Kuss J. Depositional environment of the pre-rift sediments - Galala Heights (Gulf of Suez, Egypt). Berliner Geowissenschaftlischen Abhandlungen A 87 (1987) 1-48
11. Barsotti G. Paleocenic ostracods of Libya (Sirte Basin) and their wide African distribution. Revue de l'Institut Français du Pétrole 18 (1963) 202-217
12. Bassiouni M.A.A. Ostracoden aus dem "Pliozän" von Kom el Shelul, Pyramiden-Plateau, Gizeh (Ägypten). Geologisches Jahrbuch 82 (1965) 631-654
13. Bassiouni M.A.A. Einige Costa- und Carinocythereis (Reticulina) - Arten aus dem Paleozän und Eozän von Jordanien (Ostracoda). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologische und Paläontologische Abhandlungen 134 (1969) 1-16
14. Bassiouni M.A.A. Ostracoden aus dem Eozän von Ägypten, 2. Die Unterfamilien Hemicytherinae, Thaerocytherinae und Campylocytherinae. Geologisches Jahrbuch 88 (1969) 203-234
15. Bassiouni M.A.A. Ostracoden (Mauritsininae und Trachyleberidinae) und ihre Bedeutung für die Biostratigraphie des Maastrichts und Alttertiärs von Jordanien. Beihefte zum Geologischen Jahrbuch 106 (1970) 5-52
16. Bassiouni M.A.A., Boukhary M.A., and Anan H.S. Ostracodes from Gebel Gurnah, Nile Valley, Egypt. Proceedings of the Egyptian Academy of Science 30 (1977) 1-9
17. Bassiouni M.A.A., and Luger P. Maastrichtian to Early Eocene ostracoda from southern Egypt: paleontology, paleoecology, paleobiogeography and biostratigraphy. Berliner Geowissenschaftlischen Abhandlungen A 120 (1990) 755-928
18. Bassiouni M.A.A., and Luger P. Middle Eocene ostracoda from Northern Somalia. Courier Forschungs Institut Senckenberg 129 1-139 (1996) 27
19. Bassiouni M.A.A., and Morsi A.M. Paleocene - Lower Eocene ostracodes from El Quss Abu Said Plateau (Farafra Oasis), Western Desert, Egypt. Palaeontographica A 257 (2000) 27-84
20. Bate R.H. Upper Cretaceous ostracoda from the Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia. Paleontology 10 (1972) 1-85
21. Berggren W.A., Aubry M.-P., van Fossen M., Kent D.V., Norris R.D., and Quillévéré F. Integrated Paleocene calcareous plankton magnetobiochronology and stable isotope stratigraphy: DSDP site 384 (NW Atlantic Ocean). Paleogeography, Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology 159 (2000) 1-51
22. Berggren W.A., Kent D.V., Swisher C.C., and Aubry M.-P. A revised Cenozoic geochronology and chronostratigraphy. In: Berggren W.A., Kent D.V., Aubry M.-P., and Hardenbol J. (Eds). Geochronology, time scales and global stratigraphic correlation. SEPM Society of Sedimentary Geology (1995), Special Publication 54, Tulsa 129-212
23. Bertels, A., 1969. Micropaleontología y Estratigrafía del limite Cretácico-Terciaro en Huantrai-Có (Provincia de Neuquén). Parte 2. Ameghiniana 6, pp. 253-289.
24. Bonnema, J.H., 1941. Ostracoden aus der Kreide des Untergrundes der nordostlichen Niederlande. Natuurhistorisch Maandblad 29, 9-12; 30, 1-6, 1-35.
25. Boukhary M.A., Guernet C., and Mansour H. Ostracodes du Tertiaire inférieur de l'Égypte. Cahiers de Micropaléontologie 1 (1982) 13-20
26. Butler E.A., and Jones D.E. Cretaceous ostracoda of Prothro- and Rayburns Salt Domes, Bienville Parish. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Louisiana 32 (1957) 1-65
27. Carbonnel G. Ostracodes tertiaires (Paléogène à Néogène) du bassin sénégalo-guinéen. Documents du Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières 101 (1986) 34-217
28. Carbonnel G., Alzouma K., and Dikouma M. Les ostracodes paléocènes du Niger : Taxonomie - Un témoignage de l'existence éventuelle de la mer transsaharienne ?. Geobios 23 (1990) 671-697
29. Carbonnel G., and Johnson A. Les ostracodes paléogènes du Togo : taxonomie, biostratigraphie, apports dans l'organisation et l'évolution du bassin. Geobios 22 (1989) 409-443
30. Carbonnel G., and Monciardini C. Ostracodes paléogènes au débouché de la mer transsaharienne (Mali, Niger). Documents des Laboratoires de Géologie de la Faculté de Lyon 135 (1995) 1-123
31. Carbonnel G., and Oyede M. Les ostracodes du site d'Onigbolo (Paléocène, Benin). Leur place dans le bassin Togo-Nigeria. Annales de Paléontologie 77 (1991) 65-106
32. Colin J.-P., and Lethiers F. The importance of ostracods in biostratigraphic analysis. In: Dekker P., Colin J.-P., and Peypouquet J.-P. (Eds). Ostracoda in the Earth Science (1988), Elsevier, Amsterdam 27-45
33. Colin, J.-P., Tambareau, Y., Krasheninnikov, A., 1998. Maastrichtian and Paleocene ostracode assemblages of Mali (Western Africa). In: Hottinger, L., Drobne, K. (Eds.), Paleogene Shallow Benthos of the Tethys, 2 - Slovenska Akademija Znanosti in Umetnosti, Dela - Opera SAZU 4, Ljubljana 34, pp. 273-345.
34. Cronin T.M., and Khalifa H. Middle and Late Eocene ostracoda from Gebel El Mereir, Nile Valley, Egypt. Micropaleontology 25 (1979) 397-411
35. Damotte, R., 1991. Sur la faune d'ostracodes de dépôts marins au passage Crétacé-Tertiaire dans la Vallée du Tilemsi (Nord Mali). Cahiers de Micropaléontologie, n.s. 6/1, pp. 5-14.
36. Damotte R. The biostratigraphy and paleobiogeography of the Upper Cretaceous - basal Tertiary ostracods from North Africa, Mali and Congo. Cretaceous Research 16 (1995) 357-366
37. Damotte R., and Fleury J.-J. Ostracodes maastrichtiens et paléocènes du Djebel Dyr, près de Tebessa, (Algérie orientale). Géologie Méditerranéenne 14 (1987) 87-107
38. Digbehi B.Z., Carbonnel G., and Dufaure P. Contributions de l'analyse microfaunistique (ostracodes et foraminifères) à la reconstitution paléogéographique du bassin « onshore » de Côte d'Ivoire à la limite Paléocène/Eocène. Revue de Micropaléontologie 77 (1994) 65-106
39. Dingle R.V. Upper Senonian ostracodes from the coast of Pondoland, South Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 38 (1969) 337-385
40. Dingle R.V. Paleogene ostracods from the continental shelf off Natal, South Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 42 (1976) 35-79
41. Donze P., Colin J.-P., Damotte R., Oertli O., Peypouquet J.-P., and Said R. Les ostracodes du Campanien terminal à l'Eocène inférieur de la coupe de Kef, Tunisie Nord - Occidentale. Bulletin des Centres de Recherche Exploration-Production Elf-Aquitaine 6 (1982) 273-355
42. Ducasse, O., 1967. Nouveaux ostracodes de l'Eocène nord-aquitain. Procès-verbaux de la Société des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles de Bordeaux, pp. 1-89.
43. Elewa A.M. Paleobiogeography of Maastrichtian to early Eocene ostracoda of North and West Africa and the Middle East. Micropaleontology 48 (2002) 391-398
44. Elewa A.M., and Ishizaki K. Ostracodes from Eocene rocks of the El Sheikh Fadl - Ras Gharib stretch, the Eastern Desert, Egypt - Biostratigraphy and paleoenvironments. Earth Science 48 (1994) 143-157
45. Elewa, A.M.T., Morsi, A.M., 2004. Palaeobiotope analysis and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the Paleocene-Early Eocene ostracodes from east-central Sinai, Egypt. In: Beaudoin, A.B., Head, M.J. (Eds.), The Palynology and Micropaleontology of Boundaries. Geological Society of London, Special Publications 230, pp. 293-308.
46. El-Waer A. Tertiary and Upper Cretaceous ostracoda from NW offshore, Libya. Their Taxonomy, biostratigraphy and correlation with adjacent areas (1992), Petroleum Research Center Special Publications, Tripoli pp. 1-445
47. Esker G.L. Danian ostracodes from Tunisia. Micropaleontology 14 (1968) 319-333
48. Faris M. Stratigraphic distribution, paleoecologic implications and evolutionary lineages of the Rhomboaster and Tribrachiatus taxa in the late Paleocene/early Eocene in Egypt. Bulletin of the Faculty of Science, Assiut University 26 (1997) 1-11
49. Faure P., and Guernet C. Ludien marin de Château-Thierry, ostracodes et corrélations stratigraphiques entre Bassin de Paris (France) et Bassin du Hampshire (Grande-Bretagne). Geobios 21 (1988) 507-513
50. Fauth G., Colin J.-P., Koutsoukos E.A.M., and Bengtson P. Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary ostracodes from the Poty quarry, Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 19 (2005) 285-305
51. Ficarelli G. Upper Cretaceous and Paleocene microfaunas from the Sokoto Basin (NW Nigeria). Revista Italiana de Paleontologia 82 (1976) 721-748
52. Foster C.A., Swain F.M., and Petters S.W. Late Paleocene ostracoda from Nigeria. Revista Española de Micropaleontología 15 (1983) 103-166
53. Gietl R. Biostratigraphie und Sedimentationsmuster einer nordostägyptischen Karbonatrampe unter Berücksichtigung der Alveolinen-Faunen. Berichte aus dem Fachbereich Geowissenschaften der Universität Bremen 112 (1998) 1-135
54. Grékoff, N., 1969. Sur la valeur stratigraphique et les relations paléogéographique de quelques ostracodes du Crétacé, du Paléocène et de l'Eocène inférieur d'Algérie Orientale. Proceedings of the 3rd African Micropaleontological Colloquium, Cairo, pp. 227-248.
55. Guernet C., Bourdillon de Grissac C., and Roger J. Ostracodes paléogènes du Dhofar (Oman), intérêt stratigraphique et paléobiogéographique. Revue de Micropaléontologie 34 (1991) 297-311
56. Haggag M.A. Planktonic foraminiferal groups and zonation of the Paleocene/Eocene of the South Galala and environs. Egyptian Journal of Geology 35 (1991) 37-50
57. Hartmann G., and Puri H.S. Summary of neontological and paleontological classification of Ostracoda. Mitteilungen Hamburg Zoologisches Museum Institut 70 (1974) 7-73
58. Honigstein A. Senonian ostracodes from Israel. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Israel 78 (1984) 1-48
59. Honigstein A., Almogi-Labin A., and Rosenfeld A. Combined ostracod and planktonic foraminiferal biozonation of the Late Coniacian - Early Maastrichtian is Israel. Journal of Micropalaeontology 6 (1987) 41-60
60. Honigstein A., and Rosenfeld A. Paleocene ostracods from southern Israel. Revue de Micropaléontologie 38 (1995) 49-62
61. Honigstein A., Rosenfeld A., and Benjamini C. Ostracods and foraminifera from the Early-Middle Eocene of Qeren Sartaba, Jordan Valley. Journal of Micropalaeontology 10 (1991) 95-107
62. Honigstein A., Rosenfeld A., and Benjamini C. Eocene ostracode faunas from the Negev, southern Israel: Taxonomy, stratigraphy and paleobiogeography. Micropaleontology 48 (2002) 365-389
63. Ismail A.A. Late Campanian to Early Eocene ostracoda from Esh El Mallaha area, Eastern Desert, Egypt. Revue de Micropaléontologie 35 (1992) 39-52
64. Ismail A.A. Biostratigraphy and paleoecology of Maastrichtian - early Eocene ostracods of west-central Sinai, Egypt. Revue de Paléobiologie 15 (1996) 37-54
65. Ismail A.S.A., and Ied I.B. Paleontology, paleoecology, paleobiogeography of the Maastrichtian - Early Paleogene Ostracoda, northeast Sinai, Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Paleontology 4 (2004) 95-125
66. Ismail A., and Ied I. Maastrichtian - Lower Eocene ostracodes from Safaga area, Eastern Desert, Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Paleontology 5 (2005) 119-159
67. Keen M.C., Al-Sheikhly S.S.J., Elsogher A., and Gammudi A.M. Tertiary ostracods of North Africa and the Middle East. In: Simmons M.D. (Ed). Micropaleontology and Hydrocarbon Exploration in the Middle East (1994), Chapman and Hall, London 371-388
68. Keij A.T. Eocene and Oligocene ostracoda of Belgium. Mémoires de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique 139 (1957) 1-209
69. Khalifa H., El Younsy A.R., and El Boukhary M.A. The Cretaceous/Paleocene boundary as defined by ostracodes at the northwestern approach of Kharga Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt. Bulletin of the Faculty of Science, Assiut University 1 (1984) 159-173
70. Kuss J., Westerhold T., Groß U., Bauer J., and Lüning S. Mapping of Late Cretaceous stratigraphic sequences along a Syrian arc uplift: Examples from the Areif el Naqa/Eastern Sinai. Middle East Research Center, Ain Shams University, Earth Science Series, Cairo 14 (2000) 171-191
71. Kuss J., Scheibner C., and Gietl R. Carbonate platform to basin transition along an Upper Cretaceous to Lower Tertiary Syrian arc uplift, Galala Plateau, Eastern Desert, Egypt. GeoArabia 5 (2000) 405-424
72. Luger P. Paleobiogeography of late Early Cretaceous to Early Paleocene marine ostracoda in Arabia and North to Equatorial Africa. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 196 (2003) 319-342
73. Marliére R. Ostracodes du Montien de Mons et résultats de leur étude. Mémoires de la Société Belge de Géologie. Paléontologie et Hydrologie 8 (1958) 1-53
74. Martini, E., 1971. Standard Tertiary and Quaternary calcareous nannoplankton biostratigraphic zonation. In: Farinacci, A. (Ed.), Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Planktonic Microfossils. Ed. Tecnosci, Rome 22, pp. 739-785.
75. Marzouk A.M., and Scheibner C. Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy and paleoenvironment of the late Cretaceous-Paleogene of the Galala Mountains, Eastern Desert, Egypt. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 244 (2003) 11-35
76. Monechi, S., Angori, E., Speijer, R., 2000. Upper Paleocene biostratigraphy in the Mediterranean region: zonal markers, diachronism and preservational problems. In: Schmitz, B., Sundquist, B., Andreasson, F.P. (Eds.), Early Paleogene warm climates and biosphere dynamics. GFF 122, pp. 108-110.
77. Morsi A.M. Paleocene to Early Eocene ostracodes from the area of east-central Sinai, Egypt. Revue de Paléobiologie 18 (1999) 31-55
78. Morsi A.M. Senonian ostracodes from east-central Sinai, Egypt; biostratigraphic and paleobiogeographic implications. Revue de Micropaléontologie 43 (2000) 47-70
79. Morsi A.M., and Speijer R. High-resolution ostracode records of the Paleocene/Eocene transition in the South Eastern Desert of Egypt - Taxonomy, biostratigraphy, paleoecology and paleobiogeography. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 83 (2003) 61-93
80. Moustafa A.R., and Khalil M.H. Superposed deformation in the northern Suez Rift, Egypt: relevance to hydrocarbon exploration. Journal of Petroleum Geology 18 (1995) 245-266
81. Neale J.W., and Singh P. Ostracoda from the Middle Eocene of Assam. Paleontology 28 (1985) 355-385
82. Neufville E.M.H. Upper Cretaceous - Paleogene ostracoda from the South Atlantic. Special Publications of the Paleontological Institut, University of Uppsala 1 (1973) 1-205
83. Okosun E.A. Ostracod biostratigraphy of the eastern Dahomey basin, Niger Delta and the Benue trough of Nigeria. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Nigeria 41 (1987) 1-151
84. Reyment R.A. Studies on Nigerian Upper Cretaceous and Lower Tertiary ostracoda: 1. Senonian and Maastrichtian ostracoda. Stockholm Contributions in Geology 7 (1960) 1-238
85. Reyment R.A. Studies on Nigerian Upper Cretaceous - Lower Tertiary ostracoda: 2. Danian, Paleocene and Eocene ostracoda. Stockholm Contributions in Geology 10 (1963) 1-286
86. Reyment R.A. The ostracoda of the Kalambaina Formation (Paleocene), northwestern Nigeria. Bulletin of the Paleontological Institut of the University of Uppsala 9 (1981) 51-65
87. Reyment R.A., and Aranki J.F. On the Tertiary genus Soudanella Apostolescu (1961) (Ostracoda, Crustacea). Journal of Micropalaeontology 10 (1991) 23-28
88. Reyment R.A., and Reyment E.R. Bairdia ilaroensis sp. nov. aus dem Paleozän Nigeriens und die Gültigkeit der Gattung Bairdoppilata (Ostr.Crust.). Stockholm Contributions in Geology 3 (1959) 59-70
89. Reyment R.A., and Reyment E.R. The Paleocene Trans-Saharan transgression and its ostracod fauna. In: Salem M.J., and Busrevil M.I. (Eds). The Geology of Libya 1 (1980), Academic Press, London 245-254
90. Said-Benzarti R. Les ostracodes du Campanien Supérieur à l'Yprésien de la coupe d'Elles (Tunisie du Centre Nord) - Biostratigraphie, paléoécologie et paléobiogéographie. Bulletin des Centres de Recherche Exploration-Production, Mémoire 20 (1998) 197-211
91. Salahi D. Ostracodes du Crétacé supérieur et du Tertiaire en provenance d'un sondage de la région de Zeiten (Libye). Revue de l'Institut Français du Pétrole 21 (1966) 3-43
92. Scheibner C., Marzouk A.M., and Kuss J. Maastrichtian-Early Eocene litho-biostratigraphy and palaeogeography of the northern Gulf of Suez region, Egypt. Journal of African Earth Sciences 32 (2001) 223-255
93. Scheibner C., Reijmer J.J.G., Marzouk A.M., Speijer R., and Kuss J. From platform to bas: the evolution of a Paleocene carbonate margin (Eastern Desert Egypt). International Journal of Earth Science (Geologische Rundschau) 92 (2003) 624-640
94. Scheibner C., Speijer R.P., and Marzouk A. Larger foraminiferal turnover during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum and paleoclimatic control on the evolution of platform ecosystems. Geology 33 (2005) 493-496
95. Serra-Kiel C., Hottinger L., Caus E., Drobne K., Fernandez C., Less G., Psavlovec R., Pignatti J., Sasmo J.M., Schaub H., Sirel E., Strougo A., Tambareau Y., Tosquella J., and Zakrevskaya E. Larger foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Tethyan Paleocene and Eocene. Bulletin de la Société géologique de France 169 (1998) 281-299
96. Sexton J.V. The ostracode Cytherelloidea in North America. Journal of Paleontology 25 (1951) 808-816
97. Shahin A. Tertiary ostracodes of Gebel Withr, southwestern Sinai, Egypt: palaeontology, biostratigraphy and palaeobiogeography. Journal of African Earth Sciences 31 (2000) 285-315
98. Shahin A. Maastrichtian to Middle Eocene ostracodes from Sinai, Egypt: systematics, biostratigraphy and paleobiogeography. Revue de Paléobiologie 24 (2005) 749-779
99. Siddiqui Q.A. Early Tertiary ostracoda of the family Trachyleberididae from West Pakistan. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology 9 (1971) 1-98
100. Speijer R. The late Paleocene benthic foraminiferal extinction as observed in the Middle East. Bulletin de la Société Belge de Géologie 103 (1994) 267-280
101. Speijer R.P., and Morsi A.M. Ostracode turnover and sea-level changes associated with the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum. Geology 30 (2002) 23-26
102. Speijer R.P., Schmitz B., and Luger P. Stratigraphy of late Palaeocene events in the Middle East; implications for low- to middle-latitude successions and correlations. Journal of the Geological Society of London 157 (2000) 37-47
103. Stinnesbeck W.S., and Reyment R.A. Note on a further occurrence of Soudanella laciniosa triangulata Apostolescu in northern Brazil. Journal of African Earth Sciences 7 (1988) 779-781
104. Strougo A., and Faris M. Paleocene - Eocene stratigraphy of Wadi El Dakhl, Southern Galala plateau. Middle East Research Center, Ain Shams University, Earth Science Series, Cairo 7 (1993) 49-62
105. Strougo A., Haggag M.A.Y., and Luterbacher H. The basal Paleocene "Globigerina" eugubina Zone in the Eastern Desert (St. Paul's Monastery, South Galala), Egypt. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontontologie Monatshefte 2 (1992) 97-101
106. Tewari B.S., and Singh P. Ostracoda from the nummulitic beds of Kalakot, Jammu and Kashmir State. Panjab University, Centre of Advanced Study in Geology, Chandigrah 3 (1966) 117-130
107. Toumarkine M., and Luterbacher H.-P. Paleocene and Eocene planktonic foraminifera. In: Bolli H.M., Saunders J.B., and Perch-Nielsen K. (Eds). Plankton Stratigraphy. Cambridge Earth Science Series 1 (1985), Cambridge University Press 87-154
108. Von Salis, K., Monechi, S., Bybell, L.M., Self-Trail, J., Young, J., 2000. Remarks on the calcareous nannofossil markers Rhomboaster and Tribrachiatus around the Paleocene/Eocene boundary. In: Schmitz, B., Sundquist, B., Andreasson, F.P. (Eds.), Early Paleogene warm climates and biosphere dynamics. GFF 122, pp. 138-140.
109. Whatley R.C., and Arias C.F. Paleogene ostracoda from the Tripoli Basin, Libya. Revista Española de Micropaleontología 15 (1993) 125-154