Macrolichen communities in relation to soils and vegetation in the Noatak National Preserve, Alaska

Botany

Volumn 87, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 241-252

  Holt, Emily A ^a,c   McCune, Bruce ^a   Neitlich, Peter ^b  

^a OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NATIONAL PARK SERVICE   (United States)

^c NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

Arctic; Lichen community; Substrate; Tundra; Two way cluster analysis

Indexed keywords

ARCTIC ENVIRONMENT; BEDROCK; CLIMATE CHANGE; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; LAND USE CHANGE; LICHEN; MOSS; NATURE RESERVE; PH; POPULATION DISTRIBUTION; SOIL MOISTURE; SUBSTRATE; TUNDRA; VEGETATION DYNAMICS;

ALASKA; NOATAK NATIONAL PRESERVE; NORTH AMERICA; UNITED STATES;

BRYOPHYTA; SPHAGNUM;

EID: 65349190583     PISSN: 19162804     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/B08-142     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Ahti, T. 1959. Studies on the caribou lichen stands of Newfoundland. Ann. Bot. Soc. Zool. Bot. Fenn. (Vanamo), 30: 1-44.
2. Ahti, T., Scotter, G.W., and Vänskä, H. 1973. Lichens of the Reindeer Preserve, Northwest Territories, Canada. Bryologist, 76: 48-76. doi:10.2307/3241231.
3. Andrus, R.E. 1986. Some aspects of Sphagnum ecology. Can. J. Bot. 64: 416-426. doi:10.1139/b86-057.
4. Auerbach, N.A., Walker, M.D., and Walker, D.A. 1997. Effects of roadside disturbance on substrate and vegetation properties in arctic tundra. Ecol. Appl. 7: 218-235. doi:10.1890/1051-0761(1997)007[0218:EORDOS]2.0.CO;2.
5. Brodo, I.M., and Ahti, T. 1995. Key to Cladina and Cladonia on the Queen Charlotte Islands and neighboring areas. [Online] Far-low Herbarium, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. Available from www.huh.harvard.edu/collections/lichens/ queencharlotte.html [accessed December 2005].
6. Clymo, R.S. 1964. The origin of acidity in Sphagnum bogs. Bryol-ogist, 67: 427-431.
7. Douglas, G.W., and Vitt, D.H. 1976. Moss-lichen flora of St. Elias - Kluane ranges, southwestern Yukon. Bryologist, 79: 437-456. doi:10.2307/3241938.
8. Ellis, C.J., and Tallis, J.H. 2003. Ecology of Racomitrium lanuginosum in British blanket mire - evidence from the palaeoecologi-cal record. J. Bryol. 25: 7-15. doi:10.1179/037366803125002617.
9. Flock, J.W. 1989. Lithographa, a lichen genus new to continental North America. Mycotaxon, 34: 643-645.
10. Ford, J., Landers, D., Kugler, D., Lasorsa, B., Allen-Gil, S., Crece-lius, E., and Martinson, J. 1995. Inorganic contaminants in Arctic Alaskan ecosystems: long-range atmospheric transport or local point sources. Sci. Total Environ. 160-161: 323-335. doi:10.1016/0048-9697(95)04366-9.
11. Goward, T. 1999. The Lichens of British Columbia. Part II. Fruti-cose species. Ministry of the Forests, Research Program, Victoria, B.C.
12. Goward, T., McCune, B., and Meidinger, D. 1994. The Lichens of British Columbia. Part I. Foliose and squamulose species. Ministry of the Forests, Research Program, Victoria, B.C.
13. Gunther, A.J. 1989. Nitrogen fixation by lichens in a subarctic Alaskan watershed. Bryologist, 92: 202-208. doi:10.2307/3243946.
14. Hanson, H.C. 1953. Vegetation types in northwestern Alaska and comparisons with communities in other Arctic regions. Ecology, 34: 111-140. doi:10.2307/1930313.
15. Hobbie, S.E., and Chapin, F.S., III. 1998. An experimental test of limits to tree establishment in Arctic tundra. J. Ecol. 86: 449- 461. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00278.x.
16. Holt, E.A., McCune, B., and Neitlich, P. 2006. Defining a succes-sional metric for lichen communities in the arctic tundra. Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res. 38: 373-377. doi:10.1657/1523-0430(2006) 38[373:DASMFL]2.0.CO;2.
17. Holt, E.A., McCune, B., and Neitlich, P. 2007. Successional and community gradients of arctic macrolichens and their relation to substrate, topography and rockiness. Pacific Northwest Fungi, 2: 1-21. doi:10.2509/pnwf.2007. 002.002.
18. Holt, E.A., McCune, B., and Neitlich, P. 2008a. Grazing and fire impacts on macrolichen communities of the Seward Peninsula, Alaska. Bryologist, 111: 68-83. doi:10.1639/0007-2745(2008) 111[68:GAFIOM]2.0.CO;2.
19. Holt, E.A., McCune, B., and Neitlich, P. 2008b. Spatial scale of GIS-derived categorical variables affects their ability to separate sites by community composition. Appl. Veg. Sci. 11: 421-430. doi:10.3170/2008-7- 18521.
20. Hope-Simpson, J.F. 1941. Studies of the vegetation of the English chalk: VII. Bryophytes and lichens in chalk grasslands, with a comparison of their occurrence in other calcareous grasslands. J. Ecol. 29: 107-116. doi:10.2307/2256221.
21. Husch, B., Miller, C.I., and Beers, T.W. 1972. Forest Mensuration. 2nd ed. Ronald Press, New York, N.Y.
22. Kermit, T., and Gauslaa, Y. 2001. The vertical gradient of bark pH of twigs and macrolichens in a Picea abies canopy not affected by acid rain. Lichenologist, 33: 353-359. doi:10.1006/lich.2001. 0326.
23. Krog, H. 1968. A contribution to the flora of Alaska. Ark. Bot. 2: 489-513.
24. Krog, H. 1973. Cetraria inermis (Nyl.) Krog, a new lichen species in the amphi-beringian flora element. Bryologist, 76: 299-300. doi:10.2307/3241334.
25. Kruskal, J.B. 1964. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling: a numerical method. Psychometrika, 29: 115-129. doi:10.1007/BF02289694.
26. Kuusinen, M. 1996. Epiphyte flora and diversity on basal trunks of six old-growth forest tree species in southern and middle boreal Finland. Lichenologist, 28: 443-463. doi:10.1006/lich.1996. 0043.
27. Lambert, J.D.H., and Maycock, P.F. 1968. The ecology of terrico-lous lichens of the northern conifer - hardwood forests of central Eastern Canada. Can. J. Bot. 46: 1043-1078. doi:10.1139/ b68-138.
28. Lloyd, A.H., Yoshikawa, K., Fastie, C.L., Hinzman, L., and Fraver, M. 2003. Effects of permafrost degradation on woody vegetation at Arctic treeline on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska. Permafrost Periglac. 14: 93-101. doi:10.1002/ppp.446.
29. Markon, C.J., and Wesser, S.D. 1998. The Northwest Alaskan parks land cover map. Open File Report 00-51, US Geological Survey. [Online] National Park Service, Alaska Regional Office, Anchorage, Alaska. Available from science.nature.nps.gov/ nrdata [accessed December 2005].
30. Mather, P.M. 1976. Computation methods of multivariate analysis in physical geography. J. Wiley and Sons, London, UK.
31. McCune, B. 2000. Lichen communities as indicators of forest health. Bryologist, 103: 353-356. doi:10.1639/0007-2745(2000) 103[0353:LCAIOF]2.0.CO;2.
32. McCune, B., and Grace, J.B. 2002. Analysis of Ecological Communities. MjM Software, Gleneden Beach, Ore.
33. McCune, B., and Keon, D. 2002. Equations for potential annual direct incident radiation and heat load. J. Veg. Sci. 13: 603-606. doi:10.1658/1100-9233(2002)013[0603:EFPADI]2.0.CO;2.
34. McCune, B., and Mefford, M.J. 2005. Multivariate analysis on the PC-ORD system. Version 5. MjM Software, Gleneden Beach, Ore.
35. McCune, B., Dey, J.P., Peck, J.E., Cassell, D., Heiman, K., Will-Wolf, S., and Neitlich, P.N. 1997. Repeatability of community data: species richness versus gradient scores in large-scale lichen studies. Bryologist, 100: 40-46.
36. Mielke, P.W., Jr. 1984. Meterological applications of permutation techniques based on distance functions. In Handbook of Statistics, vol. 4. Edited by P.R. Krishaniah and P.K. Sen. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands. pp. 813-830
37. Moore, T.E., Wallace, W.K., Bird, K.J., Karl, S.M., Mull, C.G., and Dillon, J.T. 1994. Geology of northern Alaska. In The geology of Alaska. Edited by G. Plafker and H.C. Berg. Geological Society of America, The Geology of North America, version G-1. Boulder, Colo. pp. 49-140.
38. Moser, T.J., Nash, T.H., III, and Thomson, J.W. 1979. Lichens of Anaktuvuk Pass, with emphasis on the impact of caribou grazing. Bryologist, 82: 393-408. doi:10.2307/3242215.
39. Muller, S.V., Racoviteanu, A.E., and Walker, D.A. 1999. Landsat MSS-derived land-cover map of northern Alaska: extrapolation methods and a comparison with photo-interpreted and AVHRR-derived maps. Int. J. Remote Sens. 20: 2921-2946. doi:10.1080/ 014311699211543.
40. Neitlich, P., and Hasselbach, L. 1998. Lichen Inventory and Status Assessment for Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve, Alaska. Unpublished agency report from Gates of the Arctic National Park, National Park Service, Fairbanks, Alaska.
41. Pegau, R.E. 1968. Growth rates of important reindeer forage lichens on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska. Arctic, 21: 255-259.
42. Racine, C.H. 1981. Tundra fire effects on soils and three plant communities along a hill-slope gradient in the Seward Peninsula. Arctic, 34: 71-84.
43. Racine, C.H., Jandt, R., Meyer, C., and Dennis, J. 2004. Tundra fire and vegetation change along a hillslope on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska, USA. Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res. 36: 1-10. doi:10.1657/1523-0430(2004)036[0001:TFAVCA] 2.0.CO;2.
44. Rikkinen, J. 1995. What's behind the pretty colors? A study on the photobiology of lichens. Bryobrothera, 4: 3-239.
45. Robinson, A.L., Vitt, D.H., and Timoney, K.P. 1989. Patterns of community structure and morphology of bryophytes and lichens relative to edaphic gradients in the subarctic forest-tundra of northwestern Canada. Bryologist, 92: 495-512. doi:10.2307/ 3243674.
46. See, M.G., and Bliss, L.C. 1980. Alpine lichen-dominated communities in Alberta and the Yukon. Can. J. Bot. 58: 2148-2170. doi:10.1139/b80-248.
47. Sokal, R.R., and Rohlf, F.J. 1995. Biometry: the principals and practices of statistics in biological research. 3rd ed. W.H. Freeman and Company, New York, N.Y.
48. Steen, E. 1965. Reindeer grazing problems. Acta Phytogeogr. Suec. 50: 281-284.
49. Steere, W.C. 1978. The mosses of arctic Alaska. Bryophyt. Bibl. 14: 1-508.
50. Swanson, J.D., Schuman, M., and Scorup, P.C. 1985. Range Survey of the Seward Peninsula Reindeer Ranges, Alaska. USDA Soil Cons. Serv., Anchorage, Alaska.
51. Talbot, S.S., Talbot, S.L., Thomson, J.W., and Schofield, W.B. 2001. Lichens from St. Matthew and St. Paul Islands, Bering Sea, Alaska. Bryologist, 104: 47-58. doi:10.1639/0007-2745(2001)104[0047:LFSMAS]2.0.CO;2.
52. Tallis, J.H. 1958. Studies in the biology and ecology of Rhacomi-trium lanuginosum Brid. I. Distribution and ecology. J. Ecol. 46: 271-288. doi:10.2307/2257395.
53. Thomson, J.W. 1984. American Arctic Lichens. I. The Macrolichens. Columbia University Press, New York, N.Y.
54. Thomson, J.W., and Ahti, T. 1994. Lichens collected on an Alaskan highway expedition in Alaska and Canada. Bryologist, 97: 138-157. doi:10.2307/3243751.
55. Van Patten, D.J. 1990. Soil Investigation of Seward Peninsula area, Alaska. USDA - Natural Resource Conservation Service in cooperation with Reindeer Herders Association, OCLC No. ocm36843275, Palmer, Alaska.
56. Viereck, L.A., Dyrness, C.T., Batten, A.R., and Wenzlick, K.J. 1992. The Alaska Vegetation Classification. USDA - Forest Service PNW-Gen. Tech. Rep. 286, Portland, Ore.
57. Wahren, C.-H.A., Walker, M.D., and Bret-Harte, M.S. 2005. Vegetation responses in Alaskan arctic tundra after 8 years of a summer warming and winter snow manipulation experiment. Glob. Change Biol. 11: 537-552. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005. 00927.x.
58. Weiss, M., Hobbie, S.E., and Gettel, G.M. 2005. Contrasting responses of nitrogen-fixation in Arctic lichens to experimental and ambient nitrogen and phosphorus availability. Arct. Ant-arct. Alp. Res. 37: 396-401. doi:10.1657/1523-0430(2005) 037[0396:CRONIA]2.0.CO;2.