-
1
-
-
0027086151
-
A method to calculate losses caused by western spruce budworm in uneven-aged Douglas fir forests of British Columbia
-
doi:10.1016/0378-1127(92)90107- K
-
Alfaro, R.I., and Maclauchlan, L.E. 1992. A method to calculate losses caused by western spruce budworm in uneven-aged Douglas fir forests of British Columbia. For. Ecol. Manage. 55: 295-313. doi:10.1016/0378-1127(92)90107- K.
-
(1992)
For. Ecol. Manage
, vol.55
, pp. 295-313
-
-
Alfaro, R.I.1
Maclauchlan, L.E.2
-
2
-
-
0020343426
-
Tree mortality and radial growth losses caused by the western spruce budworm in a Douglas-fir stand in British Columbia
-
doi:10.1139/x82-117
-
Alfaro, R.I., Van Sickle, G.A., Thomson, A.J., and Wegwitz, E. 1982. Tree mortality and radial growth losses caused by the western spruce budworm in a Douglas-fir stand in British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 12: 780-787. doi:10.1139/x82-117.
-
(1982)
Can. J. For. Res
, vol.12
, pp. 780-787
-
-
Alfaro, R.I.1
Van Sickle, G.A.2
Thomson, A.J.3
Wegwitz, E.4
-
3
-
-
0020469623
-
-
Beckwith, R.C., and Burnell, D.G. 1982. Spring larval dispersal of the western spruce budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in northcentral Washington. Environ. Entomol. 11: 828-832.
-
Beckwith, R.C., and Burnell, D.G. 1982. Spring larval dispersal of the western spruce budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in northcentral Washington. Environ. Entomol. 11: 828-832.
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
65349185767
-
-
British Columbia Ministry of Forests and Range. 2007. Timber supply and the mountain pine beetle infestation in British Columbia: 2007 update. Forest Analysis and Inventory Branch, B.C. Ministry of Forests and Range, Victoria, B.C., Canada.
-
British Columbia Ministry of Forests and Range. 2007. Timber supply and the mountain pine beetle infestation in British Columbia: 2007 update. Forest Analysis and Inventory Branch, B.C. Ministry of Forests and Range, Victoria, B.C., Canada.
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
0031925608
-
Spruce budworm impact, abundance and parasitism rate in a patchy landscape
-
doi:10.1007/s004420050441
-
Cappuccino, N., Lavertu, D., Bergeron, Y., and Régnière, J. 1998. Spruce budworm impact, abundance and parasitism rate in a patchy landscape. Oecologia (Berl.), 114: 236-242. doi:10.1007/s004420050441.
-
(1998)
Oecologia (Berl.)
, vol.114
, pp. 236-242
-
-
Cappuccino, N.1
Lavertu, D.2
Bergeron, Y.3
Régnière, J.4
-
6
-
-
0007636282
-
-
Research Paper INT-349. USDA Forest Service, Ogden, Utah, USA
-
Carlson, C.E., Pfister, R.D., Theroux, L.J., and Fiedler, C.E. 1985. Release of a thinned budworm-infested ponderosa pine stand. Research Paper INT-349. USDA Forest Service, Ogden, Utah, USA.
-
(1985)
Release of a thinned budworm-infested ponderosa pine stand
-
-
Carlson, C.E.1
Pfister, R.D.2
Theroux, L.J.3
Fiedler, C.E.4
-
7
-
-
0024195224
-
Relations among stand structure, dispersal of second-instar western spruce budworm defoliation, and height growth of young conifers
-
Carlson, C.E., McCaughey, W.W., and Theroux, L.J. 1988. Relations among stand structure, dispersal of second-instar western spruce budworm defoliation, and height growth of young conifers. Can. J. For. Res. 18: 794-800.
-
(1988)
Can. J. For. Res
, vol.18
, pp. 794-800
-
-
Carlson, C.E.1
McCaughey, W.W.2
Theroux, L.J.3
-
8
-
-
36749040834
-
Fluctuations in density of an outbreak species drive diversity cascades in food webs
-
PMID:17940003, doi:10.1073/pnas.0704301104
-
Eveleigh, E.S., McCann, K.S., McCarthy, P.C., Pollock, S.J., Lucarotti, C.J., Morin, B., McDougall, G.A., Strongman, D.B., Huber, J.T., Umbanhowar, J., and Faria, L.B.F. 2007. Fluctuations in density of an outbreak species drive diversity cascades in food webs. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104: 16976-16981. doi:10.1073/pnas.0704301104. PMID:17940003.
-
(2007)
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A
, vol.104
, pp. 16976-16981
-
-
Eveleigh, E.S.1
McCann, K.S.2
McCarthy, P.C.3
Pollock, S.J.4
Lucarotti, C.J.5
Morin, B.6
McDougall, G.A.7
Strongman, D.B.8
Huber, J.T.9
Umbanhowar, J.10
Faria, L.B.F.11
-
9
-
-
0142032346
-
Stand conditions and spruce budworm damage in a western Montana forest
-
Fauss, D.L., and Pierce, W.R. 1969. Stand conditions and spruce budworm damage in a western Montana forest. J. For. 67: 322-325.
-
(1969)
J. For
, vol.67
, pp. 322-325
-
-
Fauss, D.L.1
Pierce, W.R.2
-
10
-
-
0142064302
-
Investigations of sampling techniques for population studies of the spruce budworm on balsam fir in Ontario
-
Report of the Forest Insect Laboratory. Canadian Forest Service, Sault Ste. Marie, Ont, Canada
-
Fettes, J.J. 1950. Investigations of sampling techniques for population studies of the spruce budworm on balsam fir in Ontario. Annual Progress Report of the Forest Insect Laboratory. Canadian Forest Service, Sault Ste. Marie, Ont., Canada.
-
(1950)
Annual Progress
-
-
Fettes, J.J.1
-
11
-
-
0004229870
-
-
Miscellaneous Publication No. 1339, USDA Forest Service, Washington, USA
-
Furniss, R.L., and Carolin, V.M. 1977. Western forest insects. Miscellaneous Publication No. 1339, USDA Forest Service, Washington, USA.
-
(1977)
Western forest insects
-
-
Furniss, R.L.1
Carolin, V.M.2
-
12
-
-
65349125622
-
-
Hall, P.M. 2004. Provincial bark beetle strategy: technical implementation guidelines. In Mountain Pine Beetle Symposium: Challenges and Solutions, 20-21 October 2003, Kelowna, British Columbia. Edited by T.L. Shore, J.E. Brooks, and J.E. Stone. BC-X-399, Natural Resources Canada, Victoria, British Columbia, pp. 67-75.
-
Hall, P.M. 2004. Provincial bark beetle strategy: technical implementation guidelines. In Mountain Pine Beetle Symposium: Challenges and Solutions, 20-21 October 2003, Kelowna, British Columbia. Edited by T.L. Shore, J.E. Brooks, and J.E. Stone. BC-X-399, Natural Resources Canada, Victoria, British Columbia, pp. 67-75.
-
-
-
-
13
-
-
65349086415
-
-
Hardy, Y., Auger, M., and Caron, M. 1976. Étude du développement de la tordeuse des bourgeons de l'épinette. Bull. Tech. 2. Service d'Entomologie de la Pathologie, Ministère Des Terres et Forets du Québec, Quebec, Canada.
-
Hardy, Y., Auger, M., and Caron, M. 1976. Étude du développement de la tordeuse des bourgeons de l'épinette. Bull. Tech. 2. Service d'Entomologie de la Pathologie, Ministère Des Terres et Forets du Québec, Quebec, Canada.
-
-
-
-
14
-
-
0346891109
-
Influence of stand structure on survival of early instar spruce budworm
-
Kemp, W.P., and Simmons, G.A. 1979. Influence of stand structure on survival of early instar spruce budworm. Environ. Entomol. 8: 993-996.
-
(1979)
Environ. Entomol
, vol.8
, pp. 993-996
-
-
Kemp, W.P.1
Simmons, G.A.2
-
15
-
-
42549163271
-
Mountain pine beetle and forest carbon feedback to climate change
-
PMID:18432244, doi:10.1038/nature06777
-
Kurz, W.A., Dymond, C.C., Stinson, G., Rampley, G.J., Neilson, E.T., Carroll, A.L., Ebata, T., and Safranyik, L. 2008. Mountain pine beetle and forest carbon feedback to climate change. Nature, 452: 987-990. doi:10.1038/nature06777. PMID:18432244.
-
(2008)
Nature
, vol.452
, pp. 987-990
-
-
Kurz, W.A.1
Dymond, C.C.2
Stinson, G.3
Rampley, G.J.4
Neilson, E.T.5
Carroll, A.L.6
Ebata, T.7
Safranyik, L.8
-
16
-
-
0031408608
-
Effects of stand and site characteristics on susceptibility and vulnerability of balsam fir and spruce to spruce budworm in New Brunswick
-
doi:10.1139/cjfr-27-11-1859
-
MacLean, D.A., and MacKinnon, W.E. 1997. Effects of stand and site characteristics on susceptibility and vulnerability of balsam fir and spruce to spruce budworm in New Brunswick. Can. J. For. Res. 27: 1859-1871. doi:10.1139/cjfr-27-11-1859.
-
(1997)
Can. J. For. Res
, vol.27
, pp. 1859-1871
-
-
MacLean, D.A.1
MacKinnon, W.E.2
-
17
-
-
84958476622
-
A synthetic diet for the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
-
McMorran, A. 1965. A synthetic diet for the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Can. Entomol. 97: 58-62.
-
(1965)
Can. Entomol
, vol.97
, pp. 58-62
-
-
McMorran, A.1
-
18
-
-
33748505219
-
Ecosystem alteration modifies the relative strengths of bottomup and top-down forces in a herbivore population
-
PMID:17009749, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2656.2006.01109.x
-
Moreau, G., Eveleigh, E.S., Lucarotti, C.J., and Quiring, R.T. 2006. Ecosystem alteration modifies the relative strengths of bottomup and top-down forces in a herbivore population. J. Anim. Ecol. 75: 853-861. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2656.2006.01109.x. PMID:17009749.
-
(2006)
J. Anim. Ecol
, vol.75
, pp. 853-861
-
-
Moreau, G.1
Eveleigh, E.S.2
Lucarotti, C.J.3
Quiring, R.T.4
-
19
-
-
21144457742
-
Seasonal changes in foliar terpenes indicate suitability of Douglas-fir buds for western spruce budworm
-
PMID:16124245, doi:10.1007/s10886-005-3538-8
-
Nealis, V.G., and Nault, J.R. 2005. Seasonal changes in foliar terpenes indicate suitability of Douglas-fir buds for western spruce budworm. J. Chem. Ecol. 31: 683-696. doi:10.1007/s10886-005-3538-8. PMID:16124245.
-
(2005)
J. Chem. Ecol
, vol.31
, pp. 683-696
-
-
Nealis, V.G.1
Nault, J.R.2
-
20
-
-
4444243704
-
Insect-host relationships influencing disturbance by the spruce budworm in a boreal mixedwood forest
-
doi:10.1139/x04-061
-
Nealis, V.G., and Régnière, J. 2004a. Insect-host relationships influencing disturbance by the spruce budworm in a boreal mixedwood forest. Can. J. For. Res. 34: 1870-1882. doi:10.1139/x04-061.
-
(2004)
Can. J. For. Res
, vol.34
, pp. 1870-1882
-
-
Nealis, V.G.1
Régnière, J.2
-
21
-
-
4444261108
-
-
Nealis, V.G., and Régnière, J. 2004b. Fecundity and recruitment of eggs during outbreaks of the spruce budworm. Can. Entomol. 136: 591-604. Nealis
-
Nealis, V.G., and Régnière, J. 2004b. Fecundity and recruitment of eggs during outbreaks of the spruce budworm. Can. Entomol. 136: 591-604. Nealis
-
-
-
-
22
-
-
65249176859
-
-
V.G., and Régnière, J. 2009. Risk of dispersal in western spruce budworm. Agric. For. Entomol. 11. doi:10.1111/j.1461-9563.2008. 00414.x.
-
V.G., and Régnière, J. 2009. Risk of dispersal in western spruce budworm. Agric. For. Entomol. 11. doi:10.1111/j.1461-9563.2008. 00414.x.
-
-
-
-
23
-
-
3543093907
-
Defoliation of juvenile hemlock by western blackheaded budworm in Pacific coastal forests
-
doi:10.1016/j. foreco.2004.04.013
-
Nealis, V.G., Turnquist, R., and Garbutt, R. 2004. Defoliation of juvenile hemlock by western blackheaded budworm in Pacific coastal forests. For. Ecol. Manage. 198: 291-301. doi:10.1016/j. foreco.2004.04.013.
-
(2004)
For. Ecol. Manage
, vol.198
, pp. 291-301
-
-
Nealis, V.G.1
Turnquist, R.2
Garbutt, R.3
-
24
-
-
5444257112
-
-
Using a geographical information system for the input and analysis of historical western spruce budworm in British Columbia
-
Parfett, N., Clarke, D., and Van Sickle, A. 1994. Using a geographical information system for the input and analysis of historical western spruce budworm in British Columbia. FRDA Report 219.
-
(1994)
FRDA Report
, vol.219
-
-
Parfett, N.1
Clarke, D.2
Van Sickle, A.3
-
25
-
-
0007722208
-
Effects of the 1980s western spruce budworm outbreak in the Malheur National Forest in northeastern Oregon
-
USDA Forest Service, Portland, Ore, USA
-
Powell, D.C. 1994. Effects of the 1980s western spruce budworm outbreak in the Malheur National Forest in northeastern Oregon. Technical Publication R6-sFI&D-TP-12-94, USDA Forest Service, Portland, Ore., USA.
-
(1994)
Technical Publication R6-sFI&D-TP-12-94
-
-
Powell, D.C.1
-
26
-
-
34848877835
-
Ecological mechanisms of population change during outbreaks of the spruce budworm
-
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2311.2007.00888.x
-
Régnière, J., and Nealis, V.G. 2007. Ecological mechanisms of population change during outbreaks of the spruce budworm. Ecol. Entomol. 32: 461-477. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2311.2007.00888.x.
-
(2007)
Ecol. Entomol
, vol.32
, pp. 461-477
-
-
Régnière, J.1
Nealis, V.G.2
-
27
-
-
0027011386
-
-
Shepherd, R.F. 1992. Relationships between attack rates and survival of western spruce budworm, Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), and bud development of Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.). Franco. Can. Entomol. 124: 347-358.
-
Shepherd, R.F. 1992. Relationships between attack rates and survival of western spruce budworm, Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), and bud development of Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.). Franco. Can. Entomol. 124: 347-358.
-
-
-
-
29
-
-
65249115569
-
Notes on the biology of the western spruce budworm, Choristoneura occidentalis (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in north central Washington
-
Stein, J.D. 1981. Notes on the biology of the western spruce budworm, Choristoneura occidentalis (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in north central Washington. Pac. Insects, 23: 101-106.
-
(1981)
Pac. Insects
, vol.23
, pp. 101-106
-
-
Stein, J.D.1
-
30
-
-
0027332469
-
Multicentury, regionalscale patterns of western spruce budworm outbreaks
-
doi:10.2307/2937153
-
Swetnam, T.W., and Lynch, A.M. 1993. Multicentury, regionalscale patterns of western spruce budworm outbreaks. Ecol. Monogr. 63: 399-424. doi:10.2307/2937153.
-
(1993)
Ecol. Monogr
, vol.63
, pp. 399-424
-
-
Swetnam, T.W.1
Lynch, A.M.2
-
31
-
-
37249079638
-
A 90-year sea warming trend explains outbreak patterns of western spruce budworm on Vancouver Island
-
Thomson, A.J., and Benton, R. 2007. A 90-year sea warming trend explains outbreak patterns of western spruce budworm on Vancouver Island. For. Chron. 83: 867-869.
-
(2007)
For. Chron
, vol.83
, pp. 867-869
-
-
Thomson, A.J.1
Benton, R.2
-
32
-
-
77954036914
-
-
summary of forest health conditions in, Pest Management Report No. 16, British Columbia Ministry of Forests and Range, Forest Practices Branch, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
-
Westfall, J. 2006. 2006 summary of forest health conditions in British Columbia. Pest Management Report No. 16, British Columbia Ministry of Forests and Range, Forest Practices Branch, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
-
(2006)
British Columbia
-
-
Westfall, J.1
|