Critical adult education and the politicalphilosophical debate between Nancy Fraser and Axel Honneth

Educational Theory

Volumn 57, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 423-433

  Huttunen, Rauno ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN FINLAND   (Finland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 65249104889     PISSN: 00132004     EISSN: 17415446     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-5446.2007.00266.x     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. See especially Paulo Freire, Cultural Action for Freedom (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard Educational Review, 1970);
2. Pedagogy of the Oppressed (Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books, 1972);
3. and Pedagogy of Hope: Reliving the Pedagogy of the Oppressed (New York: Continuum, 1994).
4. See Nancy Fraser and Axel Honneth, "Introduction: Redistribution or Recognition?" in Redistribution or Recognition? A Political- Philosophical Exchange (New York: Verso, 2004).
5. According to Heikki Ikäheimo, the words recognition and Anerkennung do not have a clear meaning in terms of their everyday or philosophical usage. This has caused quite a bit of confusion in theoretical discourses. See Ikäheimo, "On the Genus and Species of Recognition," Inquiry 45, no. 4 (2002): 447.
6. See also Honneth's reply to Ikäheimo in Axel Honneth, "Grounding Recognition: A Rejoinder to Critical Questions," Inquiry 45, no. 4 (2002): 505.
7. Rauno Huttunen and Hannu Heikkinen, "Teaching and the Dialectic of Recognition," Pedagogy, Culture and Society 12, no. 2 (2004): 163-174.
8. Charles Taylor, "The Politics of Recognition," in Multiculturalism and the "Politics of Recognition", ed. Amy Gutmann (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1994).
9. Carl-Gö ran Heidegren, "Anthropology, Social Theory, and Politics: Axel Honneth's Theory of Recognition," Inquiry 45, no. 4 (2002): 436.
10. Arto Laitinen, "Interpersonal Recognition: A Response to Value or a Precondition of Personhood," Inquiry 45, no. 4 (2002): 476.
11. Honneth presents his theory of recognition in his book, Struggle for Recognition: The Moral Grammar of Social Conflicts (Oxford: Polity Press, 1996).
12. The first time that Honneth used the concept of the struggle for recognition was in his 1981 article, "Moralbewusstsein und soziale Klassenherrschaft" [Moral Consciousness and Class Domination], Leviathan 9 (1981): 556-570.
13. See Heidegren, "Anthropology, Social Theory, and Politics," 435.
14. Honneth adopts this interpretation from Ludwig Siep, Anerkennung als Prinzip praktischen Philosophie [Recognition as a Principle of Practical Philosophy] (Freiburg and München: Alber, 1979).
15. See also G.W.F. Hegel, System of Ethical Life and First Philosophy of Spirit (Albany, New York: SUNY Press, 1979);
16. and Hegel and the Human Spirit: A Translation of the Jena Lectures on the Philosophy of Spirit (1805-1806), trans. and commentary by Leo Rauch (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1983).
17. Robert Williams claims that this prejudice comes from Alexandre Kojéve and Jürgen Habermas. Williams considers this interpretation to be seriously mistaken, because without Hegel's Philosophy of Right the concept of recognition remains essentially deficient.
18. See Williams, Hegel's Ethics of Recognition, 15.
19. See also G.W.F. Hegel, Philosophy of Right, trans. T.M. Knox (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1952). In addition, Ikäheimo considers Honneth's suspicions toward Hegel's account of the recognition between the Jena Real philosophien and the Philosophy of Right as unnecessary.
20. See Ikäheimo, "On the Genus Species of Recognition," 449. Nowadays Honneth is less prejudiced against Hegel's mature philosophy.
21. See Honneth, "Recognition or Redistribution? Changing Perspectives on the Moral Order of Society," Theory, Culture and Society 18, no. 2-3 (2001): 43-55;
22. and Leiden an Unbestimmtheit [Suffer from Uncertainty] (Stuttgart: Philipp Reclam, 2001).
23. Honneth, Struggle for Recognition, 61.
24. Axel Honneth, "Integrity and Disrespect: Principles of a Conception of Morality Based on a Theory of Recognition," in The Fragmented World of the Social: Essays in Social and Political Philosophy, ed. C.W. Wright (Albany, New York: SUNY Press, 1995), 257.
25. It is important to note that these translations (self-confidence, self-respect, and self-esteem) have a very different meaning in this context than in their everyday usage. See Christopher Zurn, "Anthropology and Normativity: A Critique of Axel Honneth's 'Formal Conception of Ethical Life'," Philosophy and Social Criticism 26, no. 1 (2000): 16.
26. Honneth, Struggle for Recognition, 129.
27. Erik Erikson, Identity and the Life Cycle (New York: Norton, 1980), 57-67.
28. Honneth, "Integrity and Disrespect (Principles of a Conception of Morality Based on a Theory of Recognition)," 253.
29. Rauno Huttunen and Hannu Heikkinen, "Between Facts and Norms: Action Research in the Light of Jürgen Habermas's Theory of Communicative Action and Discourse Theory of Justice," Curriculum Studies 6, no. 3 (1998): 307-322.
30. Axel Honneth, "Recognition and Moral Obligation," Social Research 64, no. 1 (1997): 30.
31. Ibid., 27.
32. Huttunen and Heikkinen, "Teaching and the Dialectic of Recognition," 164.
33. Freire, Pedagogy of the Oppressed, 45-59.
34. Honneth himself says that he had yet to decide when writing his book The Struggle for Recognition whether these three forms of recognition were to be conceived of as constants of human nature or as the result of an historical process. Arto Laitinen claims that Honneth postulates in this book that these are the only three possible forms of recognition. See Laitinen, "Interpersonal Recognition," 470. Nevertheless, in his more recent works, Honneth considers these three forms of recognition as the result of history. See Honneth, "Grounding Recognition: A Rejoinder to Critical Questions," Inquiry 45, no. 4 (2002): 501.
35. Honneth, "Recognition or Redistribution?" 54.
36. Axel Honneth, "Redistribution as Recognition: A Response to Nancy Fraser," in Redistribution or Recognition? 113.
37. Fraser and Honneth, "Introduction: Redistribution or Recognition?" 3.
38. Nancy Fraser, "Social Justice in the Age of Identity Politics - Redistribution, Recognition, and Participation," in Redistribution or Recognition? 7.
39. Ibid., 19.
40. Nancy Fraser, "Rethinking Recognition," New Left Review 2, no. 3 (2000): 111.
41. Fraser, "Social Justice in the Age of Identity Politics," 22.
42. Ibid., 23-24.
43. Fraser, "Rethinking Recognition," 118.
44. Fraser, "Social Justice in the Age of Identity Politics," 48.
45. Nancy Fraser, "RecognitionWithout Ethics?" Theory, Culture and Society 18, no. 2-3 (2001): 24.
46. Fraser, "Social Justice in the Age of Identity Politics," 29.
47. Freire might have supported this line of argumentation because he spoke about "the ontological vocation to be more fully human." See Freire, Pedagogy of Hope, 48.
48. Nancy Fraser, "Recognition without Ethics?" 26.
49. Ibid., 28.
50. Fraser, "Social Justice in the Age of Identity Politics," 67.
51. Rauno Huttunen and Juha Suoranta, "Critical and Cultural Orientation in Radical Adult Education," in In from the Margins: Adult Education, Work and Civil Society, eds. Ari Antikainen, Päivi Harinen, and Carlos Torres (Rotterdam: Sense Publisher, 2006).
52. Ibid.
53. Avishai Margalit, Decent Society (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1996).