Lay appraisal of cognitive impairment symptoms and related prevention beliefs in a community-dwelling sample of midlife and older adults

Journal of Applied Gerontology

Volumn 28, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 342-368

  Vondras, Dean D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN GREEN BAY   (United States)

Author keywords

Cognitive impairment symptoms; Health related quality of life; Lay appraisal; Prevention beliefs; Unrealistic optimism

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ARTICLE; CAREGIVER; COGNITIVE DEFECT; COMMUNITY SAMPLE; DEMENTIA; EDUCATION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL CARE; QUALITY OF LIFE; SYMPTOMATOLOGY;

EID: 65149098069     PISSN: 07334648     EISSN: 15524523     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1062860608327400     Document Type: Article

References (90)

1. Abraham, C., & Sheeran, P. (1997). Cognitive representations and preventive health behavior: A review. In K. J. Petrie & J. A. Weinman (Eds.), Perceptions of health and illness: Current research and applications (pp. 213-240). Amsterdam: Harwood.
2. Alexander, C.S., & Becker, H.J. (1978). The use of vignettes in survey research. Public Opinion Quarterly, 42, 93-104.
3. American Geriatric Society Clinical Practice Committee. (2003). Guidelines abstracted from the American Academy of Neurology's Dementia Guidelines for Early Detection, Diagnosis, and Management of Dementia. Journal of the American Geriatric Society, 51, 869-873.
4. Ayalon, L., & Arean, P.A. (2004). Knowledge of Alzheimer's disease in four ethnic groups of older adults. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 19, 51-57. (Pubitemid 38180692)
5. Bailis, D.S., Chipperfield, J.G., & Perry, R.P. (2005). Optimistic social comparisons of older adults low in primary control: A prospective analysis of hospitalization and mortality. Health Psychology, 24, 393-401. (Pubitemid 41099140)
6. Barker, W.W., Luis, C., Harwood, D., Loewenstein, D., Bravo, M., Ownby, R., et al. (2005). The effect of memory screening program on the early diagnosis of Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders, 19, 1-7. (Pubitemid 40488656)
7. Bar-Tal, Y., & Spitzer, A. (1999). The effect on coping of monitoring, blunting, and the ability to achieve cognitive structure. Journal of Psychology, 133, 395-412.
8. Bedi, G., & Brown, S.L. (2005). Optimism, coping style and emotional well-being in cardiac patients. British Journal of Health Psychology, 10, 57-70. (Pubitemid 40269401)
9. Beeri, M.S., Werner, P., Davidson, M., & Noy, S. (2002). The cost of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in community dwelling Alzheimer's disease patients. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 17, 403-408. (Pubitemid 34567103)
10. Bennett, D.A., Wilson, R.S., Schneider, J.A., Evans, D.A., Beckett, L.A., Aggarwal, N.T., et al. (2002). Natural history of cognitive impairment in older persons. Neurology, 59, 198-205.
11. Boyle, P.A., & Malloy, P.F. (2003). Testing apathy in Alzheimer's disease. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 17, 91-99.
12. Bruner, J.S. (1957). On perceptual readiness. Psychological Review, 64, 123-152.
13. Busse, A., Bischkopf, J., Riedel-Heller, S.G., & Angermeyer, M.C. (2003). Mild cognitive impairment: Prevalence and incidence according to different diagnostic criteria-Results of the Leipzig Longitudinal Study of the Aged (LEILA75+). British Journal of Psychiatry, 189, 449-454. (Pubitemid 36560983)
14. Choi, I., Nisbett, R.E., & Norenzayan, A. (1999). Causal attribution across cultures: Variation and universality. Psychological Bulletin, 125, 47-63.
15. Clare, L. (2002 a). Developing awareness about awareness in early-stage dementia: The role of psychosocial factors. Dementia: The International Journal of Social Research and Practice, 1, 295-312.
16. Clare, L. (2002 b). We'll fight it as long as we can: Coping with the onset of Alzheimer's disease. Aging & Mental Health, 6, 139-148. (Pubitemid 34587160)
17. Clare, L. (2003). Managing threats to self: Awareness in early stage Alzheimer's disease. Social Science & Medicine, 57, 1017-1029. (Pubitemid 36876069)
18. Clare, L. (2004). The construction of awareness in early-stage Alzheimer's disease: A review of concepts and models. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 41, 155-175. (Pubitemid 38923509)
19. Cohen, J., & Cohen, P. (1983). Applied multiple regression/ correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences (2 nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
20. Corner, L., & Bond, J. (2004). Being at risk of dementia: Fears and anxieties of older adults. Journal of Aging Studies, 18, 143-155. (Pubitemid 38444065)
21. Croyle, R.T., Sun, Y., & Hart, M. (1997). Processing risk factor information: Defensive biases in health-related judgments and memory. In K. J. Petrie & J. A. Weinman (Eds.), Perceptions of health and illness: Current research and applications (pp. 267-290). Amsterdam: Harwood.
22. De Lepeleire, J., Heyman, J., & Buntinx, F. (1998). The early diagnosis of dementia: Triggers, early signs, and luxating events. Family Practice, 15, 431-436. (Pubitemid 28519917)
23. de Ridder, D., Schreurs, K., & Bensing, J. (2000). The relative benefits of being optimistic: Optimism as a coping resource in multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. British Journal of Health Psychology, 5, 141-155. (Pubitemid 30248878)
24. Derouesne, C., Thibault, S., Lagha-Pierucci, S., Baudouin-Madec, V., Ancri, C., & Lacomblez, L. (1999). Decreased awareness of cognitive deficits in patients with mild dementia of the Alzheimer type. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 14, 1019-1030. (Pubitemid 30066036)
25. Diehl, M., Coyle, N., & Labouvie-Vief, G. (1996). Age and sex differences in strategies of coping and defense across the life span. Psychology and Aging, 11, 127-139. (Pubitemid 26133409)
26. Edwards, A.B., Cherry, R.L., & Peterson, J. (2000). Predictors of misconceptions of Alzheimer's disease among community dwelling elderly. American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 15, 27-35. (Pubitemid 30091535)
27. Feild, L., Pruchno, R.A., Bewley, J., Lemay, E.P., Jr., & Levinsky, N.G. (2006). Using probability vs. nonprobability sampling to identify hard-to-access participants for health-related research. Journal of Aging and Health, 18, 565-583. (Pubitemid 44035773)
28. Fiske, S.T. (1998). Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination. In D. T. Gilberts, S. T. Fiske, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (4 th ed., Vol. 2, pp. 357-411). New York: McGraw-Hill.
29. Forette, F. (2004). Prospects for 2010 and Alzheimer forums. Psychogeriatrics, 4 (4). 144-146.
30. Geldmacher, D.S., & Whitehouse, P.J. (1996). Evaluation of dementia. New England Journal of Medicine, 355, 330-336.
31. Geldmacher, D.S., & Whitehouse, P.J. (1997). Differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Neurology, 48 (Suppl. 6). 82-89. (Pubitemid 27232697)
32. Hays, R.D., Alonso, J., & Coons, S.J. (1998). Possibilities for summarizing health-related quality of life when using a profile instrument. In M. J. Staquet, R. D. Hays, & P. M. Fayers (Eds.), Quality of life assessment in clinical trials: Methods and practice (pp. 143-153). New York: Oxford University Press.
33. Hays, R.D., & Morales, L.S. (2001). The RAND-36 measure of health-related quality of life. Annals of Medicine, 33, 350-357. (Pubitemid 32675376)
34. Heckhausen, J., & Schulz, R. (1995). A life-span theory of control. Psychological Review, 102, 284-304.
35. Homma, A. (2004). How to promote early detection of Alzheimer's disease in the community. Psychogeriatrics, 4 (4). 147-148.
36. Hultsch, D.F., Mac Donald, S.W.S., Hunter, M.A., Maitland, S.B., & Dixon, R.A. (2002). Sampling and generalisability in developmental research: Comparison of random and convenience samples of older adults. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 26, 345-359.
37. Jackson, S.A. (1999). The epidemiology of aging. In W. R. Hazzard, J. P. Blass, W. H. Ettinger, J. B. Halter, & J. G. Ouslander (Eds.), Principles of geriatric medicine and gerontology (pp. 203-225). New York: McGraw-Hill.
38. Janz, N., & Becker, M. (1984). The health belief model: A decade later. Health Education Quarterly, 2, 1-47.
39. Jemmott, J.B., III, Croyle, R.T., & Ditto, P.H. (1988). Commonsense epidemiology: Self-based judgement from laypersons and physicians. Health Psychology, 7, 55-73.
40. Kamen, L.P., & Seligman, M.E.P. (1987). Explanatory style and health. Current Psychological Research & Reviews, 6, 207-218.
41. Kaptein, A.A., Scharloo, M., Helder, D.I., Kliejn, W.C., van Korlaar, I.M., & Woertman, M. (2003). Representations of chronic illnesses. In L. D. Cameron & H. Leventhal (Eds.), The self-regulation of health and illness behavior (pp. 97-118). New York: Routledge.
42. Kim, J. (1975). Multivariate analysis of ordinal variables. American Journal of Sociology, 81, 261-298.
43. Kitayama, S., Snibbe, A.C., Markus, H.R., & Suzuki, T. (2004). Is there "free" choice? Self and dissonance in two cultures. Psychological Science, 15, 527-533. (Pubitemid 39080416)
44. Klein, W.M.P., & Radcliffe, N.M. (1999, October). Generalized and risk-specific unrealistic optimism and their relation to processing health information. Paper presented at the meetings of the European Health Psychology Society, Florence, Italy.
45. LaBarge, E., VonDras, D.D., & Wingbermuehle, C. (1998). An analysis of themes and feelings from a support group for people with Alzheimer's disease. Psychotherapy: Theory/ Research/Practice/Training, 35, 537-544. (Pubitemid 29227726)
46. Landes, A.M., Sperry, S.D., Strauss, M.E., & Geldmacher, D.S. (2001). Apathy in Alzheimer's disease. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 49, 1700-1707. (Pubitemid 34007999)
47. Lennings, C.J. (2000). Optimism, satisfaction and time perspective in the elderly. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 51, 167-181. (Pubitemid 32102540)
48. Lepper, M.R. (1994). " Hot" versus "cold" cognition: An Abelsonian voyage. In R. C. Shank & E. Langer (Eds.), Beliefs, reasoning, and decision making: Psycho-logic in honor of Bob Abelson (pp. 237-275). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
49. Leventhal, E.A., & Crouch, M. (1997). Are there differences in perceptions of illness across the lifespan? In K. J. Petrie & J. A. Weinman (Eds.), Perceptions of health and illness: Current research and applications (pp. 77-102). Amsterdam: Harwood.
50. Leventhal, H., Benyamini, Y., Brownlee, S., Diefenbach, M., Leventhal, E.A., Patrick-Miller, L., et al. (1997). Illness representations: Theoretical foundations. In K. J. Petrie & J. A. Weinman (Eds.), Perceptions of health and illness: Current research and applications (pp. 19-45). Amsterdam: Harwood.
51. Leventhal, H., Brissette, I., & Leventhal, E. (2003). The common-sense model of self-regulation of health and illness. In L. D. Cameron & H. Leventhal (Eds.), The self-regulation of health and illness behaviour (pp. 42-65). New York: Routledge.
52. Levy, B., & Langer, E. (1994). Aging free from negative stereotypes: Successful memory in China and among the American deaf. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 989-997.
53. Lindstrom, H.A., Smyth, K.A., Sami, S.A., Dawson, N.V., Patterson, M.B., Bohinc, J.H., et al. (2006). Medication use to treat memory loss in dementia. Dementia, 5, 27-50.
54. Lipe, M.G. (1991). Counterfactual reasoning as a framework for attribution theories. Psychology Bulletin, 109, 456-471.
55. Madey, S.F., & Gomez, R. (2003). Reduced optimism for perceived age-related medical conditions. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 25, 213-219. (Pubitemid 37110182)
56. Markus, H.R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98, 224-253.
57. Mezulis, A.H., Abramson, L.Y., Hyde, J.S., & Hankin, B.L. (2004). Is there a universal positivity bias in attributions? A meta-analytic review of individual, developmental, and cultural differences in the self-serving attributional bias. Psychological Bulletin, 130, 711-747. (Pubitemid 39216580)
58. Miller, S.M. (1987). Monitoring and blunting: Validation of a questionnaire to assess styles of information seeking under threat. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 345-353.
59. Morano, C.L., & Bravo, M. (2002). A psychoeducational model of Hispanic Alzheimer disease caregivers. Gerontologist, 42, 122-126. (Pubitemid 34142177)
60. Nunnally, J.C. (1967). Psychometric theory. New York: McGraw-Hill.
61. Peterson, C., Semmel, A., von Bayer, C., Abramson, L.Y., Metalsky, G.I., & Seligman, M.E. P. (1982). The Attribution Style Questionnaire. Cognitive Therapy and Behavior, 6, 282-299.
62. Post, S.G., Stuckey, J.C., Whitehouse, P.J., Ollerton, S., Durkin, C., Robbins, D., et al. (2001). A focus group on cognition-enhancing medications in Alzheimer disease: Disparities between professional and consumers. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders, 15, 80-88. (Pubitemid 32525446)
63. Prohaska, T.R., Keller, M.I., Leventhal, E.A., & Leventhal, H. (1987). Impact of symptoms and aging attribution on emotions and coping. Health Psychology, 6, 495-514.
64. Radcliffe, N.M., & Klein, W.M.P. (2002). Dispositional, unrealistic, and comparative optimism: Differential relations with the knowledge and processing of risk information and beliefs about personal risk. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 836-846. (Pubitemid 41269844)
65. Roberts, J.S., Barber, M., Brown, T.M., Cupples, L.A., Farrer, L.A., La Russe, S.A., et al. (2004). Who seeks genetic testing for Alzheimer's disease? Finding from a multisite, randomized clinical trial. Genetics in Medicine, 6, 197-203. (Pubitemid 39005859)
66. Roberts, J.S., & Connell, C.M. (2000). Illness representations among first-degree relatives of people with Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders, 14, 129-136.
67. Roberts, J.S., Connell, C.M., Cisewski, D., Hipps, Y.G., Demissie, S., & Green R.C. (2003). Differences between African American and Whites in their perceptions of Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders, 17, 19-26. (Pubitemid 36288242)
68. Roberts, J.S., Cupples, L.A., Relkin, N.R., Whitehouse, P.J., & Green, R.C. (2005). Genetic risk assessment for adult children of people with Alzheimer's disease: The Risk Evaluation and Education for Alzheimer's Disease (REVEAL) Study. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, 18, 250-255. (Pubitemid 41736393)
69. Roese, N.J. (1997). Counterfactual thinking. Psychological Bulletin, 121, 139-148. (Pubitemid 127705288)
70. Scharloo, M., & Kaptein, A. (1997). Measurement of illness perceptions in patients with chronic somatic illness: A review. In K. J. Petrie & J. A. Weinman (Eds.), Perceptions of health and illness: Current research and applications (pp. 103-154). Amsterdam: Harwood.
71. Schwarz, N. (1998). Warmer and more social: Recent developments in cognitive social psychology. Annual Review of Sociology, 24, 239-264. (Pubitemid 128138417)
72. Schwarzer, R. (1994). Optimism, vulnerability and self-beliefs as health-related cognitions: A systematic overview. Psychology and Health, 9, 161-180. (Pubitemid 24790132)
73. Seltzer, B., Vasterling, J.J., Yoder, J., & Thompson, K.A. (1997). Awareness of deficit in Alzheimer's disease: Relation to caregiver burden. Gerontologist, 37, 20-24. (Pubitemid 27083813)
74. Smyth, K.A., Neundorfer, M.M., Koss, E., Geldmacher, D.S., Ogrocki, P.K., & Whitehouse, P.J. (2002). Quality of life and deficit identification in dementia. Dementia, 1, 345-358.
75. Van Dijkhuizen, M., Clare, L., & Pearce, A. (2006). Striving for connection: Appraisal and coping among women with early-stage Alzheimer's disease. Dementia: Journal of Social Research and Practice, 5, 77-94.
76. Vernooij-Dassen, M.J.F.J., Moniz-Cook, E.D., Woods, R.T., De Lapeliere, J., Leuschner, A., Zanette, A., et al. (2005). Factors affecting timely recognition and diagnosis of dementia across Europe: From awareness to stigma. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 20, 377-386. (Pubitemid 40590500)
77. VonDras, D.D. (1997). Age differences in self-appraisal motivation. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 45, 133-158. (Pubitemid 27527842)
78. VonDras, D.D., & Madey, S.F. (2004). The attainment of important health goals throughout adulthood: An integration of the theory of planned behavior and aspects of social support. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 59, 205-234. (Pubitemid 39391394)
79. VonDras, D.D., Powless, M.R., Olson, A.K., Wheeler, D., & Snudden, A.L. (2005). Differential effects of everyday stress on the episodic memory test performances of young, midlife, and older adults. Aging & Mental Health, 9, 60-70. (Pubitemid 40129118)
80. Weinstein, N.D. (1982). Unrealistic optimism about susceptibility to health problems. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 5, 441-460. (Pubitemid 13192394)
81. Weinstein, N.D., & Klein, W.M. (1995). Resistance of personal risk perceptions to debiasing interventions. Health Psychology, 14, 132-140.
82. Weinstein, N.D., & Klein, W.M. (1996). Unrealistic optimism: Present and future. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 15, 1-8. (Pubitemid 126344341)
83. Werner, P. (2002). Assessing correlates of concern about developing Alzheimer's dementia among adults with no family history of the disease. American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias, 17, 331-337. (Pubitemid 35440233)
84. Werner, P. (2003). Knowledge about symptoms of Alzheimer's disease: Correlates and relationship to help-seeking behavior. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 18, 1029-1036. (Pubitemid 37479376)
85. Werner, P. (2004). Lay person's recommendations about interventions for Alzheimer's disease: Correlates and relationship to help-seeking behavior. American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias, 19, 309-315. (Pubitemid 39382860)
86. Werner, P. (2005). Lay perceptions about mental health: Where is age and where is Alzheimer's disease ? International Psychogeriatrics, 17, 371-382. (Pubitemid 41391683)
87. Werner, P., Gafni, A., & Kitai, E. (2004). Examining physician-patient-caregiver encounters: The case of Alzheimer's disease patients and family physicians in Israel. Aging & Mental Health, 8, 498-504. (Pubitemid 39546277)
88. Werner, P., & Heinik, J. (2004). Intentions of first-degree relatives of patients with Alzheimer's disease to seek a cognitive status examination. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 19, 479-486. (Pubitemid 38697042)
89. Whitehouse, P.J. (1999). Quality of life in Alzheimer's disease: Further directions. Journal of Mental Health and Aging, 5, 107-111.
90. Woods, R.T. (2001). Discovering the person with Alzheimer's disease: Cognitive, emotional and behavioral aspects. Aging & Mental Health, 5 (Suppl. 1). S7 - S16. (Pubitemid 32550206)