메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 34, Issue 3-4, 2009, Pages 253-273

Is the offense serious axis free of extralegal influence?: Assessing the predictors of a 'legally relevant' guideline criterion

Author keywords

Extralegal disparity; Offense seriousness; Sentencing guidelines

Indexed keywords


EID: 64749112583     PISSN: 10662316     EISSN: 19361351     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12103-008-9048-9     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (4)

References (66)
  • 2
    • 84935532498 scopus 로고
    • An integration of theories to explain judicial discretion
    • Albonetti, C. A. (1991). An integration of theories to explain judicial discretion. Social Problems, 38, 247-266.
    • (1991) Social Problems , vol.38 , pp. 247-266
    • Albonetti, C.A.1
  • 3
    • 0031329908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sentencing under the federal sentencing guidelines: Effects of defendant characteristics, guilty pleas, and departures on sentence outcomes for drug offenses
    • Albonetti, C. A. (1997). Sentencing under the federal sentencing guidelines: Effects of defendant characteristics, guilty pleas, and departures on sentence outcomes for drug offenses. Law and Society Review, 31(4), 789-822.
    • (1997) Law and Society Review , vol.31 , Issue.4 , pp. 789-822
    • Albonetti, C.A.1
  • 4
    • 79959689251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Court and community: The U.S. Probation and pretrial services system
    • AOUSC, In U. P. a. P. Services (Ed.)
    • AOUSC (2001). Court and community: The U.S. Probation and pretrial services system. In U. P. a. P. Services (Ed.), Administrative Office of the US Courts.
    • (2001) Administrative Office of the US Courts
  • 7
    • 0000201308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial disparities in official assessments of juvenile offenders: Attributional stereotypes as mediating mechanisms
    • Bridges, G., & Steen, S. (1998). Racial disparities in official assessments of juvenile offenders: Attributional stereotypes as mediating mechanisms. American Sociological Review, 63(4), 554-570.
    • (1998) American Sociological Review , vol.63 , Issue.4 , pp. 554-570
    • Bridges, G.1    Steen, S.2
  • 8
    • 0035745881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Judging judicial discretion: Legal factors and racial discrimination in sentencing
    • Bushway, S. D., & Piehl, A. M. (2001). Judging judicial discretion: Legal factors and racial discrimination in sentencing. Law & Society Review, 35(4), 733-764.
    • (2001) Law & Society Review , vol.35 , Issue.4 , pp. 733-764
    • Bushway, S.D.1    Piehl, A.M.2
  • 9
    • 64749111016 scopus 로고
    • Robo-po: The life and times of a federal probation officer
    • Cosgrove, E. J. (1994). Robo-po: The life and times of a federal probation officer. Federal Probation, 58 (3), 29-30.
    • (1994) Federal Probation , vol.58 , Issue.3 , pp. 29-30
    • Cosgrove, E.J.1
  • 10
    • 0035564878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the federal probation officer in the guidelines sentencing system
    • D'Anca, A. R. (2001). Role of the federal probation officer in the guidelines sentencing system. Federal Probation, 65(3), 20-23.
    • (2001) Federal Probation , vol.65 , Issue.3 , pp. 20-23
    • D'Anca, A.R.1
  • 11
    • 0019682536 scopus 로고
    • Several tests for model specification in the presence of alternative hypotheses
    • Davidson, R., & MacKinnon, J. G. (1981). Several tests for model specification in the presence of alternative hypotheses. Econometrica, 49(3), 781-793.
    • (1981) Econometrica , vol.49 , Issue.3 , pp. 781-793
    • Davidson, R.1    McKinnon, J.G.2
  • 12
    • 84937292463 scopus 로고
    • The organizational context of criminal court sentencing
    • Dixon, J. (1995). The organizational context of criminal court sentencing. American Journal of Sociology, 100(5), 1157-1198.
    • (1995) American Journal of Sociology , vol.100 , Issue.5 , pp. 1157-1198
    • Dixon, J.1
  • 14
    • 0040956849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conceptualizing legally relevant factors under guidelines: A reply to Ulmer
    • Engen, R. L., & Gainey, R. R. (2000a). Conceptualizing legally relevant factors under guidelines: A reply to Ulmer. Criminology, 38(4), 1245-1252.
    • (2000) Criminology , vol.38 , Issue.4 , pp. 1245-1252
    • Engen, R.L.1    Gainey, R.R.2
  • 15
    • 0040362686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling the effects of legally relevant and extralegal factors under sentencing guidelines: The rules have changed
    • Engen, R. L., & Gainey, R. R. (2000b). Modeling the effects of legally relevant and extralegal factors under sentencing guidelines: The rules have changed. Criminology, 38(4), 1207-1230.
    • (2000) Criminology , vol.38 , Issue.4 , pp. 1207-1230
    • Engen, R.L.1    Gainey, R.R.2
  • 16
    • 1642597213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discretion and disparity under sentencing guidelines: The role of departures and structured sentencing alternatives
    • Engen, R., Gainey, R., Crutchfield, R., & Weis, J. (2003). Discretion and disparity under sentencing guidelines: The role of departures and structured sentencing alternatives. Criminology, 41(1), 99-129.
    • (2003) Criminology , vol.41 , Issue.1 , pp. 99-129
    • Engen, R.1    Gainey, R.2    Crutchfield, R.3    Weis, J.4
  • 17
    • 26444441529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Race, remorse, and sentence reduction: Is saying you're sorry enough?
    • Everett, R. S., & Nienstedt, B. C. (1999). Race, remorse, and sentence reduction: Is saying you're sorry enough? Justice Quarterly, 26(1), 99-122.
    • (1999) Justice Quarterly , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 99-122
    • Everett, R.S.1    Nienstedt, B.C.2
  • 18
    • 30444439568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multilevel analysis of community effects on criminal sentencing
    • Fearn, N. E. (2005). A multilevel analysis of community effects on criminal sentencing. Justice Quarterly, 22(4), 452-487.
    • (2005) Justice Quarterly , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 452-487
    • Fearn, N.E.1
  • 20
    • 0004296209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall
    • Greene, W. H. (2000). Econometric analysis (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
    • (2000) Econometric analysis
    • Greene, W.H.1
  • 21
    • 34547206033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diverting and abdicating judicial discretion: Cultural, political, and procedural dynamics in California juvenile justice
    • Harris, A. (2007). Diverting and abdicating judicial discretion: Cultural, political, and procedural dynamics in California juvenile justice. Law and Society Review, 41(2), 387-428.
    • (2007) Law and Society Review , vol.41 , Issue.2 , pp. 387-428
    • Harris, A.1
  • 22
    • 79959691035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fifteen years of guideline sentencing: An assessment of how well the federal criminal justice system is achieving the goals of sentencing reform
    • In, (Ed.), United States Sentencing Commission
    • Hofer, P. J., Loeffler, C., Blackwell, K., & Valentino, P. (2004). Fifteen years of guideline sentencing: An assessment of how well the federal criminal justice system is achieving the goals of sentencing reform. In U. S. S. Commission (Ed.) (pp. 246): United States Sentencing Commission.
    • (2004) U. S. S. Commission , pp. 246
    • Hofer, P.J.1    Loeffler, C.2    Blackwell, K.3    Valentino, P.4
  • 24
    • 1642587114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the use of the total incarceration variable in sentencing research
    • Holleran, D., & Spohn, C. (2004). On the use of the total incarceration variable in sentencing research. Criminology, 42(1), 211-240.
    • (2004) Criminology , vol.42 , Issue.1 , pp. 211-240
    • Holleran, D.1    Spohn, C.2
  • 25
    • 1142277621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial and ethnic disparities in sentencing departures across modes of conviction
    • Johnson, B. D. (2003). Racial and ethnic disparities in sentencing departures across modes of conviction. Criminology, 41(2), 449-490.
    • (2003) Criminology , vol.41 , Issue.2 , pp. 449-490
    • Johnson, B.D.1
  • 26
    • 0347616377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Location, location, location: Interdistrict and intercircuit variation in sentencing outcomes for federal drug-trafficking offenses
    • Kautt, P. (2002). Location, location, location: Interdistrict and intercircuit variation in sentencing outcomes for federal drug-trafficking offenses. Justice Quarterly, 19(4), 633-671.
    • (2002) Justice Quarterly , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 633-671
    • Kautt, P.1
  • 27
    • 33745771096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sentencing outcomes under competing but coexisting sentencing interventions: Untying the Gordian knot
    • Kautt, P. M., & DeLone, M. A. (2006). Sentencing outcomes under competing but coexisting sentencing interventions: Untying the Gordian knot. Criminal Justice Review, 31(2), 105-131.
    • (2006) Criminal Justice Review , vol.31 , Issue.2 , pp. 105-131
    • Kautt, P.M.1    DeLone, M.A.2
  • 28
    • 0346355491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cracking down on black drug offenders? Testing for interactions between offender race, drug type, and sentencing strategy in federal drug sentences
    • Kautt, P., & Spohn, C. (2002). Cracking down on black drug offenders? Testing for interactions between offender race, drug type, and sentencing strategy in federal drug sentences. Justice Quarterly, 19(1).
    • (2002) Justice Quarterly , vol.19 , Issue.1
    • Kautt, P.1    Spohn, C.2
  • 29
    • 79959768935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing blameworthiness and assigning punishment: Theoretical perspectives on judicial decision making
    • In D. E. Duffee, & E. R. Maguire (Eds.), New York, NY: Routledge
    • Kautt, P. M., & Spohn, C. C. (2007). Assessing blameworthiness and assigning punishment: Theoretical perspectives on judicial decision making. In D. E. Duffee, & E. R. Maguire (Eds.), Criminal justice theory: Explaining the nature and behavior of criminal justice (pp. 155-180). New York, NY: Routledge.
    • (2007) Criminal justice theory: Explaining the nature and behavior of criminal justice , pp. 155-180
    • Kautt, P.M.1    Spohn, C.C.2
  • 30
    • 0002955288 scopus 로고
    • Discrimination in the criminal justice system-a critical appraisal of the literature
    • In A. Blumstein, J. Cohen, S. E. Martin, & M. H. Tonry (Eds.), Washington, DC: National Academies Press
    • Klepper, S., Nagin, D., & Tierney, L. (1983). Discrimination in the criminal justice system-a critical appraisal of the literature. In A. Blumstein, J. Cohen, S. E. Martin, & M. H. Tonry (Eds.), Research on sentencing-the search for reform (pp. 55-128). Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
    • (1983) Research on sentencing-the search for reform , pp. 55-128
    • Klepper, S.1    Nagin, D.2    Tierney, L.3
  • 31
    • 0022253483 scopus 로고
    • Official reactions to Hispanic defendants in the southwest
    • LaFree, G. D. (1985). Official reactions to Hispanic defendants in the southwest. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 22, 213-237.
    • (1985) Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency , vol.22 , pp. 213-237
    • LaFree, G.D.1
  • 32
    • 69649100082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Who is punished more harshly in federal court? The interaction of race/ethnicity, gender, age, and employment status in the sentencing of drug offenders
    • LaFrentz, C. D., & Spohn, C. (2006). Who is punished more harshly in federal court? The interaction of race/ethnicity, gender, age, and employment status in the sentencing of drug offenders. Justice Research and Policy, 8(2), 25-56.
    • (2006) Justice Research and Policy , vol.8 , Issue.2 , pp. 25-56
    • LaFrentz, C.D.1    Spohn, C.2
  • 33
    • 79959721438 scopus 로고
    • An empirical study of the application of the relevant conduct guideline
    • Lawrence, P. B., & Hofer, P. J. (1992). An empirical study of the application of the relevant conduct guideline. Federal Setencing Reporter, 4, 330-334.
    • (1992) Federal Setencing Reporter , vol.4 , pp. 330-334
    • Lawrence, P.B.1    Hofer, P.J.2
  • 36
    • 0002337731 scopus 로고
    • Tests for model specification in the presence of alternative hypotheses: Some further results
    • MacKinon, J., White, H., & Davidson, R. (1983). Tests for model specification in the presence of alternative hypotheses: Some further results. Journal of Econometrics, 21, 53-70.
    • (1983) Journal of Econometrics , vol.21 , pp. 53-70
    • McKinon, J.1    White, H.2    Davidson, R.3
  • 37
    • 79959740279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Federal presentence reports: Multi-tasking at sentencing
    • Maveal, G. M. (1996). Federal presentence reports: Multi-tasking at sentencing. Seton Hall Law Review, 26, 544-596.
    • (1996) Seton Hall Law Review , vol.26 , pp. 544-596
    • Maveal, G.M.1
  • 38
    • 77958523933 scopus 로고
    • Charging and plea-bargaining under determinate sentencing: The hydraulic displacement of discretion
    • Miethe, T. (1987). Charging and plea-bargaining under determinate sentencing: The hydraulic displacement of discretion. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 78(1), 155-176.
    • (1987) Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology , vol.78 , Issue.1 , pp. 155-176
    • Miethe, T.1
  • 39
    • 23944466888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The federal/state criminal prosecution nexus: A case study in cooperation and discretion
    • Miller, L. L., & Eisenstein, J. (2005). The federal/state criminal prosecution nexus: A case study in cooperation and discretion. Law and Social Inquiry, 30(2), 239-268.
    • (2005) Law and Social Inquiry , vol.30 , Issue.2 , pp. 239-268
    • Miller, L.L.1    Eisenstein, J.2
  • 40
    • 3042811866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The consequence of ignoring a level of nesting in multilevel analysis
    • Moerbeck, M. (2004). The consequence of ignoring a level of nesting in multilevel analysis. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 39(1), 129-149.
    • (2004) Multivariate Behavioral Research , vol.39 , Issue.1 , pp. 129-149
    • Moerbeck, M.1
  • 41
    • 84934453625 scopus 로고
    • Regulated and unregulated sentencing decisions: An analysis of first year practices under Minnesota's felony sentencing guidelines
    • Moore, C. A., & Miethe, T. D. (1986). Regulated and unregulated sentencing decisions: An analysis of first year practices under Minnesota's felony sentencing guidelines. Law and Society Review, 20(2), 253-277.
    • (1986) Law and Society Review , vol.20 , Issue.2 , pp. 253-277
    • Moore, C.A.1    Miethe, T.D.2
  • 42
    • 21144478311 scopus 로고
    • A tale of three cities: An empirical study of charging and bargaining practices under the federal sentencing guidelines
    • Nagel, I. H., & Schulhofer, S. J. (1992). A tale of three cities: An empirical study of charging and bargaining practices under the federal sentencing guidelines. Southern California Law Review, 66(1), 501-566.
    • (1992) Southern California Law Review , vol.66 , Issue.1 , pp. 501-566
    • Nagel, I.H.1    Schulhofer, S.J.2
  • 43
    • 26444553308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural theories and race-specific drug arrests: What structural factors account for the rise in race-specific drug arrests over time?
    • Parker, K. F., & Maggard, S. R. (2005). Structural theories and race-specific drug arrests: What structural factors account for the rise in race-specific drug arrests over time? Crime and Delinquency, 51(4), 521-547.
    • (2005) Crime and Delinquency , vol.51 , Issue.4 , pp. 521-547
    • Parker, K.F.1    Maggard, S.R.2
  • 45
    • 20744454427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the impact of statutory change: A statewide multilevel analysis of restitution orders in Pennsylvania
    • Ruback, R. B., Ruth, G. R., & Shaffer, J. N. (2005). Assessing the impact of statutory change: A statewide multilevel analysis of restitution orders in Pennsylvania. Crime and Delinquency, 51(3), 318-342.
    • (2005) Crime and Delinquency , vol.51 , Issue.3 , pp. 318-342
    • Ruback, R.B.1    Ruth, G.R.2    Shaffer, J.N.3
  • 46
    • 0035564061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The federal sentencing guidelines: Psychological and policy reasons for simplification
    • Ruback, R. B., & Wroblewski, J. (2001). The federal sentencing guidelines: Psychological and policy reasons for simplification. Psychology, Public Policy and Law, 7(4), 739-775.
    • (2001) Psychology, Public Policy and Law , vol.7 , Issue.4 , pp. 739-775
    • Ruback, R.B.1    Wroblewski, J.2
  • 48
    • 0039377718 scopus 로고
    • Racially disproportionate prison populations in the united states: An overview of historical patterns and review of contemporary issues
    • Sabol, W. J. (1989). Racially disproportionate prison populations in the united states: An overview of historical patterns and review of contemporary issues. Contemporary Crises, 13, 405-432.
    • (1989) Contemporary Crises , vol.13 , pp. 405-432
    • Sabol, W.J.1
  • 49
    • 38649120929 scopus 로고
    • Race and disparities in sentencing: A test of the liberation hypothesis
    • Spohn, C., & Cederblom, J. (1991). Race and disparities in sentencing: A test of the liberation hypothesis. Justice Quarterly, 8(3), 305-327.
    • (1991) Justice Quarterly , vol.8 , Issue.3 , pp. 305-327
    • Spohn, C.1    Cederblom, J.2
  • 50
    • 0002373530 scopus 로고
    • The effects of race on sentencing: A re-examination of an unsettled question
    • Spohn, C., Gruhl, J., & Welch, S. (1981-2). The effects of race on sentencing: A re-examination of an unsettled question. Law and Society Review, 16(1), 71-88.
    • (1981) Law and Society Review , vol.16 , Issue.1 , pp. 71-88
    • Spohn, C.1    Gruhl, J.2    Welch, S.3
  • 51
    • 22544440588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Images of danger and culpability: Racial stereotyping, case processing and criminal sentencing
    • Steen, S., Engen, R. L., & Gainey, R. R. (2005). Images of danger and culpability: Racial stereotyping, case processing and criminal sentencing. Criminology, 43(2), 435-467.
    • (2005) Criminology , vol.43 , Issue.2 , pp. 435-467
    • Steen, S.1    Engen, R.L.2    Gainey, R.R.3
  • 52
    • 0041181131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interaction of race, gender, and age in criminal sentencing: The punishment cost of being young, black, and male
    • Steffensmeier, D., Ulmer, J., & Kramer, J. (1998). The interaction of race, gender, and age in criminal sentencing: The punishment cost of being young, black, and male. Criminology, 36(4), 763-798.
    • (1998) Criminology , vol.36 , Issue.4 , pp. 763-798
    • Steffensmeier, D.1    Ulmer, J.2    Kramer, J.3
  • 53
    • 0019970478 scopus 로고
    • Court-prosecutor-probation officer: When is discretion disparity in the criminal justice system?
    • Thomas, R. L. (1982). Court-prosecutor-probation officer: When is discretion disparity in the criminal justice system? Federal Probation, 46, 57-62.
    • (1982) Federal Probation , vol.46 , pp. 57-62
    • Thomas, R.L.1
  • 54
    • 0042813178 scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC.: National Institute of Justice
    • Tonry, M. H. (1987). Sentencing reform impacts. Washington, DC.: National Institute of Justice.
    • (1987) Sentencing reform impacts
    • Tonry, M.H.1
  • 55
    • 0004009259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New York, NY: Oxford University Press
    • Tonry, M. (1996). Sentencing matters. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
    • (1996) Sentencing matters
    • Tonry, M.1
  • 57
    • 84937328657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rules have changed-so proceed with caution: A comment on Engen and Gainey's method for modeling sentencing outcomes under guidelines
    • Ulmer, J. T. (2000). The rules have changed-so proceed with caution: A comment on Engen and Gainey's method for modeling sentencing outcomes under guidelines. Criminology, 38(4), 1231-1243.
    • (2000) Criminology , vol.38 , Issue.4 , pp. 1231-1243
    • Ulmer, J.T.1
  • 58
    • 18944373284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The localized uses of federal sentencing guidelines in four U.S. District courts: Evidence of processual order
    • Ulmer, J. T. (2005). The localized uses of federal sentencing guidelines in four U.S. District courts: Evidence of processual order. Symbolic Interaction, 28(2), 255-279.
    • (2005) Symbolic Interaction , vol.28 , Issue.2 , pp. 255-279
    • Ulmer, J.T.1
  • 59
    • 1642633944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sentencing in context: Amultilevel analysis
    • Ulmer, J. T., & Johnson, B. (2004). Sentencing in context: Amultilevel analysis. Criminology, 42(1), 137-177.
    • (2004) Criminology , vol.42 , Issue.1 , pp. 137-177
    • Ulmer, J.T.1    Johnson, B.2
  • 65
    • 84992804695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prosecutorial discretion and real-offense sentencing: An analysis of relevant conduct under the federal sentencing guidelines
    • Wilmot, K. A., & Spohn, C. (2004). Prosecutorial discretion and real-offense sentencing: An analysis of relevant conduct under the federal sentencing guidelines. Criminal Justice Policy Review, 15(3), 324-343.
    • (2004) Criminal Justice Policy Review , vol.15 , Issue.3 , pp. 324-343
    • Wilmot, K.A.1    Spohn, C.2
  • 66
    • 21844453631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Displaced discretion under Ohio sentencing guidelines
    • Wooldredge, J., & Griffin, T. (2005). Displaced discretion under Ohio sentencing guidelines. Journal of Criminal Justice, 33(4), 301-316.
    • (2005) Journal of Criminal Justice , vol.33 , Issue.4 , pp. 301-316
    • Wooldredge, J.1    Griffin, T.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.