The impact of CRA agreements on community banks

Journal of Banking and Finance

Volumn 28, Issue 12, 2004, Pages 3069-3095

  Bostic, Raphael W ^a,b   Robinson, Breck L ^c  

^a FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE   (United States)

Author keywords

Community banks; Community reinvestment act; Community reinvestment act agreements; Mortgage lending

Indexed keywords

EID: 6444241405     PISSN: 03784266     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbankfin.2004.05.002     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Avery R.B. Bostic R.W. Calem P.S. Canner G.B. Trends in home purchase lending: Consolidation and the Community Reinvestment Act Federal Reserve Bulletin 85 2 1999 81-102
2. Avery R.B. Bostic R.W. Calem P.S. Canner G.B. Consolidation and bank branching patterns Journal of Banking and Finance 23 1999 497-532
3. Bassett W.F. Brady T.F. The economic performance of small banks 1985-2000 Federal Reserve Bulletin 87 2001 719-728
4. Berger A.N. Udell G.F. Did risk-based capital allocate bank credit and cause a 'credit crunch' in the United States Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking 26 1994 587-628
5. Berger A.N. Saunders A. Scalise J.M. Udell G.F. The effects of bank mergers and acquisitions on small business lending Journal of Financial Economics 50 1998 187-229
6. Berger A.N. Demsetz R.S. Strahan P.E. The consolidation of the financial services industry: Causes, consquences, and implications for the future Journal of Banking and Finance 23 1999 135-194
7. Black H.A. Collins M.C. Cyree K.B. Do black-owned banks discriminate against black borrowers Journal of Financial Services Research 11 1997 53 -78
8. Bostic, R.W., Canner, G.B., 1998. Do minority-owned banks treat minorities better? An empirical test of the cultural affinity hypothesis. Working paper, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
9. Bostic R.W. Robinson B.L. Do CRA agreements influence lending patterns? Real Estate Economics 31 2003 23-51
10. Bostic, R.W., Robinson, B.L., 2003b. What makes CRA agreements work? A study of lender responses to CRA agreements. Unpublished working paper
11. Bostic, R., Mehran, H., Paulson, A., Saidenberg, M., 2000. Community lending and commercial bank mergers. In: Proceedings of the 2000 Conference on Bank Structure and Competition, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, pp. 452-467
12. Calem, P.S., 1994. The impact of geographic deregulation on small banks. Business Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, pp. 15-29
13. Calem P.S. Nakamura L.I. Branch banking and the geography of bank pricing Review of Economics and Statistics 80 1998 600-610
14. Dahl D. Ownership changes and lending at minority banks: A note Journal of Banking and Finance 20 1996 1289-1301
15. Evanoff, D.D., Segal, L.M., 1996. CRA and fair lending regulations: Resulting trends in mortgage lending. Economic Perspectives, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, pp. 19-46
16. Gilbert R.A. Bank market structure and competition: A survey Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking 16 1984 617-644
17. Gilbert, R.A., Sierra, G.E., 2003. The financial condition of U.S. banks: How different are community banks? Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, pp. 43-56
18. Gup, B.E., Walter, J.R., 1989. Top performing small banks: Making money the old-fashioned way. Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, pp. 23-35
19. Harrison, D.M., 1998. The importance of lender heterogeneity in mortgage lending. Unpublished manuscript
20. Henderson J.M. Quandt R.E. Microeconomic Theory third ed. 1980 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company New York
21. Hunter W.C. Timme S.G. Technical change, organizational form, and the structure of bank production Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking 18 1986 152-166
22. Jayaratne J. Wolken J. How important are small banks to small business lending? New evidence from a survey of small firms Journal of Banking and Finance 23 1999 427-458
23. Kim D. Santomero A.M. Risk in banking and capital regulation Journal of Finance 43 1988 1219-1233
24. Koehn M. Santomero A.M. Regulation of bank capital and portfolio risk Journal of Finance 35 1980 1235-1250
25. Mester, L.J., 1987. Efficient production of financial services: Scale and scope economics. Business Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, pp. 15-25
26. Nakamura, L.I., 1994. Small borrowers and the survival of the small bank: Is mouse bank mighty or mickey? Business Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, pp. 3-15
27. Schwartz A. From confrontation to collaboration? Banks, community groups, and the implementation of community reinvestment agreements Housing Policy Debate 9 3 1998 631-662
28. Schwartz A. Bank lending to minority and low-income households and neighborhoods: Do community reinvestment agreements make a difference? Journal of Urban Affairs 20 3 1998 269-301
29. Shaffer, S., 1989. Challenges to small banks' survival, Business Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia. 15-26
30. Shrieves R.E. Dahl D. The relationship between risk and capital in commercial banks Journal of Banking and Finance 16 1992 439-457
31. Zimmerman, G.C., 1996. Factors influencing community bank performance in California, Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, 26-42