Adrenocortical functioning in boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Examining subtypes of adhd and associated comorbid conditions

Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology

Volumn 37, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 565-578

  Hastings, Paul D ^a   Fortier, Isabel ^b   Utendale, William T ^a   Simard, Louise R ^c   Robaey, Philippe ^b  

^a Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MONTREAL   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA   (Canada)

Author keywords

ADHD; Anxiety disorders; Comorbidity; Cortisol; Disruptive behaviour disorders; Stress response

Indexed keywords

CLONIDINE; FLUTICASONE PROPIONATE; HYDROCORTISONE; METHYLPHENIDATE; RISPERIDONE; SALBUTAMOL;

ADRENAL CORTEX FUNCTION; ANXIETY DISORDER; ARTICLE; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; CHILD; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COMORBIDITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; HUMAN; HYPERACTIVITY; HYPOTHALAMUS HYPOPHYSIS ADRENAL SYSTEM; MALE; PRESCHOOL CHILD; SALIVA ANALYSIS; SCHOOL CHILD;

ANXIETY DISORDERS; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER WITH HYPERACTIVITY; CANADA; CHILD; COMORBIDITY; HUMANS; HYDROCORTISONE; MALE; PHLEBOTOMY; PITUITARY-ADRENAL SYSTEM; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; SALIVA; STRESS, PSYCHOLOGICAL; WAKEFULNESS;

EID: 64249115643     PISSN: 00910627     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10802-008-9292-y     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th edn., text revision). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
2. R. A. Barkley 1997 Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive function: Constructing a unifying theory of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Psychological Bulletin 121 54 94
3. R. A. Barkley 2001 The inattentive type of ADHD as a distinct disorder: what remains to be done Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice 8 489 493
4. Barkley, R. A. (2003). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. In E. J. Mash, & R. A. Barkley (Eds.), Child psychopathology (pp. 75-143). NY: Guilford.
5. R. A. Barkley 2002 Consensus statement on ADHD European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 11 96 98
6. C. Blair R. Peters D. Granger 2004 Physiological and neuropsychological correlates of approach/withdrawal tendencies in preschool: further examination of the behavioural inhibition system/behavioural activation system scales for young children Developmental Psychobiology 45 113 124
7. H. C. Braarud K. M. Stormark 2006 Maternal soothing and infant stress responses: soothing, crying and adrenocortical activity during inoculation Infant Behavior and Development 29 70 79
8. Cacioppo, J. T., Klein, D. J., Berntson, G. G., & Hatfield, E. (1993). The psychophysiology of emotion. In M. Lewis, & J. M. Haviland (Eds.), Handbook of emotions (pp. 119-142). NY: Guilford.
9. D. M. Capaldi 1992 Co-occurrence of conduct problems and depressive symptoms in early adolescent boys: II. A 2-year follow-up at Grade 8 Development and Psychopathology 4 125 144
10. F. X. Castellanos W. Sharp R. F. Gottesman D. K. Greenstein J. N. Giedd J. L. Rapoport 2003 Anatomic brain abnormalities in monozygotic twins discordant for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder The American Journal of Psychiatry 160 1693 1696
11. Conners, C. K. (1997). Conners' rating scales-revised. Multi-Health Systems Publishing, North Tonawada, NY.
12. D. E. Connor G. Edwards K. E. Fletcher J. Baird R. A. Barkley R. J. Steingard 2003 Correlates of comorbid psychopathology in children with ADHD Journal of the American Association of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 42 193 200
13. J. Crosbie D. Pérusse C. L. Barr R. J. Schachar 2008 Validating psychiatric endophenotypes: inhibitory control and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 32 40 55
14. K. E. Dixon B. E. Thorn C. Ward 2004 An evaluation of sex differences in psychological and physiological responses to experimentally-induced pain: a path analytic description Pain 112 188 196
15. D. Fassler 1985 The fear of needles in children The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 55 371 377
16. D. C. Fowles 1988 Psychophysiology and psychopathology: a motivational approach Psychophysiology 25 373 391
17. Frijda, N. H. (1994). Emotions are functional, most of the time. In P. Ekman, & R. J. Davidson (Eds.), The nature of emotion: Fundamental questions (pp. 112-122). NY: Oxford University Press.
18. Gray, J. A. (1982). The neuropsychology of anxiety: An enquiry into the functions of the septohippocampal system. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
19. Gunnar, M. R., & Vazquez, D. (2006). Stress neurobiology and developmental psychopathology. In D. Cicchetti, & D. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology, Vol. 2: Developmental neuroscience (pp. 533-577). Wiley & Sons: Hoboken, NJ.
20. C. A. Hartman E. G. Willcut S. H. Rhee B. F. Pennington 2004 The relation between sluggish cognitive tempo and DSM-IV ADHD Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 32 491 503
21. Hastings, P. D., & Utendale, W. (2008). Il cuore del problema: la biologica dell'inibrizione comportamentale e della timidezza (English title: The heart of the matter: The biology of shyness and inhibition). In A. LoCoco, K. Rubin, & C. Zappula (Eds.), L'isolamento sociale durante l'infanzia (pp. 27-56). Milano: Edizioni Unicopli.
22. P. D. Hastings C. Zahn-Waxler B. A. Usher 2007 Cardiovascular and affective reactions to social stress in adolescents with internalizing and externalizing problems International Journal of Behavioral Development 31 77 87
23. R. L. Hendren I. De Backer G. J. Pandina 2000 Review of neuroimaging studies of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders from the past 10 years Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 39 815 828
24. Hirshfeld-Becker, D. R., Biederman, J., & Rosenbaum, J. F. (2004). Behavioral inhibition. In J. S. March, & T. L. Morris (Eds.), Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents (pp. 27-58, 2nd ed.). New York: Guilford.
25. H. J. Hong D. W. Shin E. H. Lee Y. H. Oh K. S. Noh 2003 Hypothalamic-pituitary-drenal reactivity in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Yonsei Medical Journal 44 608 614
26. W. Hubert M. Moller E. Nieschlag 1989 Stress reactions in response to the procedure of LHRH tests as measured by salivary and serum cortisol and psychological variables Hormone Research 32 198 202
27. L. M. C. Jansen C. C. Gispen-de-Wied M. A. Jansen R. J. van-der-Gaag W. Matthys H. van Engeland 1999 Pituitary-adrenal reactivity in a child psychiatric population: salivary cortisol response to stressors European Neuropsychopharmacology 9 67 75
28. M. Kaneko Y. Hoshino S. Hashimoto T. Okano H. Kumashiro 1993 Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 23 59 65
29. C. Kirschbaum R. Steyer M. Eid U. Patalla P. Schwenzmezger D. H. Hellhammer 1990 Cortisol and behavior: 2. Application of a latent state-trait model to salivary control Psychoneuroendocrinology 15 297 307
30. B. Klimes-Dougan P. D. Hastings D. A. Granger B. A. Usher C. Zahn-Waxler 2001 Adrenocortisol activity in at-risk and normally developing adolescents: individual differences in salivary cortisol basal levels, diurnal variation, and responses to social challenges Development and Psychopathology 13 695 719
31. M. Lewis D. S. Ramsay 1997 Stress reactivity and self-recognition Child Development 68 621 629
32. M. Lewis D. Thomas 1990 Cortisol release in infants in response to inoculation Child Development 61 50 59
33. S. O. Lilienfeld 2003 Comorbidity between and within childhood externalizing and internalizing disorders: reflections and directions Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 31 285 291
34. S. K. Loo R. A. Barkley 2005 Clinical utility of EEG in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Applied Neuropsychology 12 64 76
35. Lovallo, W. R., & Thomas, T. L. (2000). Stress hormones in psychophysiological research. In J. T. Cacioppo, L. G. Tassinary, & G. G. Berntson (Eds.), Handbook of psychophysiology (pp. 342-367, 2nd ed.). NY: Cambridge University Press.
36. D. R. Lynam 1996 Early identification of early offenders: who is the fledgling psychopath? Psychological Bulletin 120 209 234
37. D. M. Lyons J. M. Lopez C. Yang A. F. Schatzberg 2000 Stress-level cortisol treatment impairs inhibitory control of behavior in monkeys The Journal of Neuroscience 20 7816 7821
38. K. McBurnett B. B. Lahey P. J. Frick C. Risch R. Loeber 1991 Anxiety, inhibition, and conduct disorder in children: II. Relation to salivary cortisol Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 30 192 196
39. K. McBurnett B. B. Lahey P. J. Rathouz R. Loeber 2000 Low salivary cortisol and persistent aggression in boys referred for disruptive behavior Archives of General Psychiatry 57 38 43
40. K. McBurnett A. Raine M. Stouthamer-Loeber R. Loeber A. M. Kumar M. Kumar 2005 Mood and hormone responses to psychological challenge in adolescent males with conduct problems Biological Psychiatry 57 1109 1116
41. K. Meeran A. Hattersley G. Mould S. R. Bloom 1993 Venipuncture causes rapid rise in plasma ACTH The British Journal of Clinical Practice 47 246 247
42. Öhman, A. (1993). Fear and anxiety as emotional phenomena: Clinical phenomenology, evolutionary perspectives, and information-processing mechanisms. In M. Lewis, & J. M. Haviland (Eds.), Handbook of emotions (pp. 511-536). NY: Guilford.
43. J. Oosterlaan H. M. Geurts D. L. Knol J. A. Sergeant 2005 Low basal salivary cortisol is associated with teacher-reported symptoms of conduct disorder Psychiatry Research 134 1 10
44. P. D. Patel J. F. Lopez D. M. Lyons S. Burke M. Wallace A. F. Schatzberg 2000 Glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptor mRNA expression in squirrel monkey brain Journal of Psychiatric Research 34 383 392
45. W. E. Pelham Jr. 2001 Are ADHD/I and ADHD/C the same or different? Does it matter? Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice 8 502 506
46. S. R. Pliszka 2000 Patterns of psychiatric comorbidity with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America 9 525 540
47. H. C. Quay 1997 Inhibition and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 25 7 13
48. Raine, A. (1997). Antisocial behavior and psychophysiology: a biosocial perspective and a prefrontal dysfunction hypothesis. In D. M. Stoff, J. Breiling, & J. D. Maser (Eds.), Handbook of antisocial behavior (pp. 289-304).
49. D. Ramsay M. Lewis 2003 Reactivity and regulation in children and behavioural responses to stress Child Development 74 456 464
50. W. T. Randazzo S. Dockray E. J. Susman 2008 The stress response in adolescents with inattentive type ADHD symptoms Child Psychiatry and Human Development 39 27 38
51. J. M. Reul E. R. de Kloet 1985 Two receptor systems for corticosterone in rat brain: microdistribution and differential occupation Endocrinology 117 6 2505 2511
52. J. G. M. Rosmalen A. J. Oldehinkel J. Ormel A. F. de Winter J. K. Buitelaar F. C. Verhulst 2005 Determinants of salivary cortisol levels in 10-12 year old children; a population-based study of individual differences Psychoneuroendocrinology 30 483 495
53. M. M. Sanchez L. J. Young P. M. Plotsky T. R. Insel 2000 Distribution of corticosteroid receptors in the rhesus brain: relative absence of glucocorticoid receptors in the hippocampal formation The Journal of Neuroscience 20 12 4657 4668
54. D. Shaffer P. Fisher C. P. Lucas M. K. Dulcan M. E. Schwab-Stone 2000 NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV (NIMH DISC-IV): Description, differences from previous versions, and reliability of some common diagnoses Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 39 28 38
55. H. Snoek S. H. M. Van Goozen W. Matthys J. K. Buitelaar H. Van Engeland 2004 Stress responsivity in children with externalizing behavior disorders Development and Psychopathology 16 389 406
56. F. E. P. L. Sondeijker 2007 Disruptive behaviors and HPA-axis activity in young adolescent boys and girls from the general population Journal of Psychiatric Research 41 570 578
57. R. A. Thompson S. D. Calkins 1996 The double-edged sword: emotional regulation for children at risk Development and Psychopathology 8 163 182
58. Vaessen, W., & Van der Meere, J. J. (1990). Issues in the selection of hyperactive/ADDH children for experimental clinical studies. In A. F. Kalverboer (Ed.), Developmental biopsychology: Experimental and observational studies in groups at risk. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
59. S. H. M. Van Goozen W. Matthys P. T. Cohen-Kettenis C. Gispen-de Wied V. M. Wiegant H. Van Engeland 1998 Salivary cortisol and cardiovascular activity during stress in oppositional-defiant disorder boys and normal controls Biological Psychiatry 43 531 539
60. S. H. M. Van Goozen G. Fairchild H. Snoek G. T. Harold 2007 The evidence for a neurobiological model of childhood antisocial behaviour Psychological Bulletin 133 149 182
61. G. A. Walco P. M. Conte L. E. Labay R. Engel L. K. Zeltzer 2005 Procedural distress in children with cancer: self-report, behavioral observations, and physiological parameters The Clinical Journal of Pain 21 484 490
62. D. A. Waschbush W. E. Pelham J. R. Jennings A. R. Greiner R. A. Tarter H. B. Moss 2002 Reactive aggression in boys with disruptive behavior disorders: behavior, physiology, and affect Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 30 641 656
63. S. E. Watamura B. Donzella J. Alwin M. R. Gunnar 2003 Morning-to-afternoon increases in cortisol concentrations for infants and toddlers at child care: age differences and behavioral correlates Child Development 74 1006 1020
64. Wechsler, D. (1991). The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
65. B. P. White S. E. Mulligan 2005 Behavioral and physiologic response measures of occupational task performance: a preliminary comparison between typical children and children with attention deficit The American Journal of Occupational Therapy 59 426 436
66. C. Zahn-Waxler B. Klimes-Dougan M. J. Slattery 2000 Internalizing problems in childhood and adolescence: prospects, pitfalls, and progress in understanding the development of anxiety and depression Development and Psychopathology 12 443 466