메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 30, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 142-151

FDTD assessment of human exposure to electromagnetic fields from WiFi and bluetooth devices in some operating situations

Author keywords

Computational bioelectromagnetics; Dosimetry assessment; Environmental safety; Finite difference methods; Numerical dosimetry

Indexed keywords

DOSIMETRY; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD EFFECTS; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS; FINITE DIFFERENCE TIME DOMAIN METHOD; GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS; MOBILE ANTENNAS; NUMERICAL METHODS; WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORKS (WLAN);

EID: 63149164370     PISSN: 01978462     EISSN: 1521186X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/bem.20455     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (29)

References (28)
  • 1
    • 85153555808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American National Standards Institute (ANSI)/IEEE. 2005. IEEE Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, 3 kHz to 300 GHz ANSI/IEEE Standard C.95.1. New York: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Inc.
    • American National Standards Institute (ANSI)/IEEE. 2005. IEEE Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, 3 kHz to 300 GHz ANSI/IEEE Standard C.95.1. New York: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Inc.
  • 2
    • 28044459877 scopus 로고
    • A perfectly matched layer for the absorption of electromagnetic waves
    • Berenger JP. 1994. A perfectly matched layer for the absorption of electromagnetic waves. J Comput Phys 114:185-200.
    • (1994) J Comput Phys , vol.114 , pp. 185-200
    • Berenger, J.P.1
  • 3
    • 0742304086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A UTD/FDTD investigation on procedures to assess compliance of cellular base-station antennas with human-exposure limits in a realistic urban environment
    • Bernardi P, Cavagnaro M, Cicchetti R, Pisa S, Piuzzi E, Testa O. 2003. A UTD/FDTD investigation on procedures to assess compliance of cellular base-station antennas with human-exposure limits in a realistic urban environment. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech 51:2409-2417.
    • (2003) IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech , vol.51 , pp. 2409-2417
    • Bernardi, P.1    Cavagnaro, M.2    Cicchetti, R.3    Pisa, S.4    Piuzzi, E.5    Testa, O.6
  • 4
    • 0037385632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of the SAR in the human head and body due to radiofrequency radiation exposure from handheld mobile phones with hands-free accessories
    • Bit-Babik G, Chou CK, Faraone A, Gessner A, Kanda M, Balzano Q. 2003. Estimation of the SAR in the human head and body due to radiofrequency radiation exposure from handheld mobile phones with hands-free accessories. Radiat Res 159: 550-557.
    • (2003) Radiat Res , vol.159 , pp. 550-557
    • Bit-Babik, G.1    Chou, C.K.2    Faraone, A.3    Gessner, A.4    Kanda, M.5    Balzano, Q.6
  • 5
    • 19444364972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulation of exposure and SAR estimation for adult and child heads exposed to radio-frequency energy from portable communication devices
    • Bit-Babik G, Guy AW, Chou CK, Faraone A, Kanda M, Gessner A, Wang J, Fujiwara O. 2005. Simulation of exposure and SAR estimation for adult and child heads exposed to radio-frequency energy from portable communication devices. Radiat Res 163:580-590.
    • (2005) Radiat Res , vol.163 , pp. 580-590
    • Bit-Babik, G.1    Guy, A.W.2    Chou, C.K.3    Faraone, A.4    Kanda, M.5    Gessner, A.6    Wang, J.7    Fujiwara, O.8
  • 8
    • 12844280587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A numerical and experimental comparison of human head phantoms for compliance testing of mobile telephone equipment
    • Christ A, Chavannes N, Nikoloski N, Gerber H, Pokovic K, Kuster N. 2005. A numerical and experimental comparison of human head phantoms for compliance testing of mobile telephone equipment. Bioelectromagnetics 26:125-137.
    • (2005) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.26 , pp. 125-137
    • Christ, A.1    Chavannes, N.2    Nikoloski, N.3    Gerber, H.4    Pokovic, K.5    Kuster, N.6
  • 9
    • 85153539734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortel-Carrasco A, Gati A, Wong M, Wiart J. 2006. WiFi exposure assessment. Abstracts of the XXVIII Annual Meeting of the Bioelectromagnetics Society BEMS' 03, Cancun, Mexico.
    • Cortel-Carrasco A, Gati A, Wong M, Wiart J. 2006. WiFi exposure assessment. Abstracts of the XXVIII Annual Meeting of the Bioelectromagnetics Society BEMS' 03, Cancun, Mexico.
  • 10
    • 0003175490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Council recommendation (1999/519/EC) of 12 July 1999 on the limitation of exposure of the general public to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz to 300 GHz)
    • European Commission
    • European Commission. 1999. Council recommendation (1999/519/EC) of 12 July 1999 on the limitation of exposure of the general public to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz to 300 GHz). Official J Eur Communities L199:59-70.
    • (1999) Official J Eur Communities , vol.L199 , pp. 59-70
  • 11
    • 33645586655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DIRECTIVE 2004/40/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risks arising from physical agents (electromagnetic fields)
    • European Union
    • European Union. 2004. DIRECTIVE 2004/40/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risks arising from physical agents (electromagnetic fields). Official J EurUnion L 159:1-26.
    • (2004) Official J EurUnion , vol.L 159 , pp. 1-26
  • 13
    • 0031604241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calculation of electric fields and currents induced in a millimeter-resolution human model at 60 Hz using the FDTD method
    • Furse CM, Gandhi OP. 1998. Calculation of electric fields and currents induced in a millimeter-resolution human model at 60 Hz using the FDTD method. Bioelectromagnetics 19:293-299.
    • (1998) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.19 , pp. 293-299
    • Furse, C.M.1    Gandhi, O.P.2
  • 14
    • 0029909341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dielectric properties of biological tissues: II. Measurements in the frequency range 10 Hz to 20 GHz
    • Gabriel S, Lau RW, Gabriel C. 1996. The dielectric properties of biological tissues: II. Measurements in the frequency range 10 Hz to 20 GHz. Phys Med Biol 41:2251-2269.
    • (1996) Phys Med Biol , vol.41 , pp. 2251-2269
    • Gabriel, S.1    Lau, R.W.2    Gabriel, C.3
  • 15
    • 0037349337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electromagnetic modeling and analysis for wireless communication antennas
    • Hoorfar A, Jamnejad V. 2003. Electromagnetic modeling and analysis for wireless communication antennas. IEEE Microw Mag 4:51-67.
    • (2003) IEEE Microw Mag , vol.4 , pp. 51-67
    • Hoorfar, A.1    Jamnejad, V.2
  • 16
    • 0343375204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 GHz)
    • ICNIRP International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection
    • ICNIRP (International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection). 1998. Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 GHz). Health Phys 74:494-522.
    • (1998) Health Phys , vol.74 , pp. 494-522
  • 17
    • 0037038953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SARs for pocket-mounted mobile telephones at 835 and 1900 MHz
    • Kang G, Gandhi OP. 2002. SARs for pocket-mounted mobile telephones at 835 and 1900 MHz. Phys Med Biol 47:4301-4313.
    • (2002) Phys Med Biol , vol.47 , pp. 4301-4313
    • Kang, G.1    Gandhi, O.P.2
  • 18
    • 4043177598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simple evaluation method of estimating local average SAR
    • Kawai H, Ito K. 2004. Simple evaluation method of estimating local average SAR. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech 52(8):2021-2029.
    • (2004) IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech , vol.52 , Issue.8 , pp. 2021-2029
    • Kawai, H.1    Ito, K.2
  • 19
    • 6444234926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A fundamental study on the improvement of indoor propagation for wireless LAN communication by an EM wave absorber
    • Kimura KI, Hashimoto O. 2004. A fundamental study on the improvement of indoor propagation for wireless LAN communication by an EM wave absorber. Microw Opt Technol Lett 43:226-228.
    • (2004) Microw Opt Technol Lett , vol.43 , pp. 226-228
    • Kimura, K.I.1    Hashimoto, O.2
  • 22
    • 0343807391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FDTD analysis of the maximum SAR when operating a mobile phone near a human eye and a wall
    • Martínez-Búrdalo M, Noni ́dez L, Martín A, Villar R. 2001. FDTD analysis of the maximum SAR when operating a mobile phone near a human eye and a wall. Microw Opt Technol Lett 28:83-85.
    • (2001) Microw Opt Technol Lett , vol.28 , pp. 83-85
    • Martínez-Búrdalo, M.1    Noni ́dez, L.2    Martín, A.3    Villar, R.4
  • 23
    • 17644443330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Near field time-domain physical optics and FDTD method for safety assessment near a base-station antenna
    • Martínez-Búrdalo M, Noni ́dez L, Martín A, Villar R. 2003. Near field time-domain physical optics and FDTD method for safety assessment near a base-station antenna. Microw Opt Technol Lett 39:393-395.
    • (2003) Microw Opt Technol Lett , vol.39 , pp. 393-395
    • Martínez-Búrdalo, M.1    Noni ́dez, L.2    Martín, A.3    Villar, R.4
  • 24
    • 24044456381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the safety assessment of human exposure in the proximity of cellular communications base-station antennas at 900, 1800 and 2170 MHz
    • Martínez-Búrdalo M, Martín A, Anguiano M, Villar R. 2005. On the safety assessment of human exposure in the proximity of cellular communications base-station antennas at 900, 1800 and 2170 MHz. Phys Med Biol 50:4125-4137.
    • (2005) Phys Med Biol , vol.50 , pp. 4125-4137
    • Martínez-Búrdalo, M.1    Martín, A.2    Anguiano, M.3    Villar, R.4
  • 25
    • 85153540193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Qingxiang L, Gandhi OP, Kang G. 2004. An open-ended waveguide system for SAR system validation or probe calibration for frequencies above 3 GHz Phys. Med Biol 49:4173-4186.
    • Qingxiang L, Gandhi OP, Kang G. 2004. An open-ended waveguide system for SAR system validation or probe calibration for frequencies above 3 GHz Phys. Med Biol 49:4173-4186.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.